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Water Chemistry Review

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which statement is not true about water

a)

water is polar

b)

Water is the universal solvent

c)

Water has two molecules of oxygen for each hydrogen

d)

Solid water is less dense than liquid water

2.

attraction between two water molecules

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

c)

density

d)

capillary

3.

attraction between water molecules and another molecule

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

c)

density

d)

capillary

4.

The type of bond between oxygen and hydrogen in a water molecule

a)

ionic

b)

covalent

c)

hydrogen

5.

The type of bond between two water molecules

a)

ionic

b)

covalent

c)

hydrogen

6.

A molecule that has partial charges, or differences in the charge across the molecule.

a)

Polar

b)

Cohesive

c)

Xylem

d)

Solvency

7.

For water, the latent heat of vaporization is _____ and the heat capacity is _____.

a)

high, high

b)

high, low

c)

low, low

d)

low, high

8.

In this form, water molecules are locked in a hexagonal crystalline structure.

a)

liquid

b)

solid

c)

gas

9.

This force is what causes water to climb up the sides of a graduated cylinder or measuring cup.

a)

Specific heat

b)

Density

c)

Solvency

d)

Adhesion

10.

Reorder the following in order form least dense to most dense

a)

gaseous water

b)

solid water

c)

liquid water

1)
2)
3)
11.

Which property creates surface tension?

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

c)

vaporization

d)

solvency

12.

Which properties of water are due to hydrogen bonding?

a)

adhesion and cohesion

b)

surface tension

c)

density differences

d)

All of these answers are correct

e)

high heat capacity

13.

Draw a water molecule

14.

Which of the following is true of oxygen's solubility in water

a)

cold water holds more oxygen

b)

warm water holds more oxygen

c)

water temperature doesn't matter

d)

water holds no oxygen

15.

Which of the following is NOT a tool used to measure salinity?

a)

refractometer

b)

hydrometer

c)

conductivity

d)

mass / weight

16.

In the nitrogen cycle, which compound is most toxic to aquatic organisms?

a)

ammonia

b)

nitrate

c)

nitrite

d)

nitrogen gas

17.

a solution with a high pH is _______ while a solution with a low pH is _______.

a)

basic, acidic

b)

acidic, basic

c)

neutral, alkaline

d)

acidic, alkaline

18.

Which compound leads to acidification of the marine environment

a)

bicarbonate

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

ammonia

d)

calcium

19.

Which water would be the best to drink?

a)

Ammonia 1.0 ppm, TDS 500 ppm, pH 7.0

b)

Nitrate 0.5 ppm, TDS 50 ppm, pH 7.0

c)

Nitrite 0.5 ppm, TDS 150 ppm, pH 2.0

d)

Ammonia 0.5 ppm, TDS 5000 ppm, pH 9.0

20.

water that has a lot of dissolved minerals is known as:

a)

hard water

b)

soft water

c)

acidic water

d)

charged water

21.

Seawater is generally:

a)

0-4 pH

b)

4-7 pH

c)

8-10 pH

d)

10-14 pH

22.

(Honors-level question) Reorder the following in order of toxicity to marine organisms:

a)

Most toxic

b)

Ammonia

c)

Nitrite

d)

Nitrate

e)

Least toxic

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
23.

Match the following

a)

Type of bonds between water molecules

1.

Hydrogen bonds

b)

Water's attraction for other water molecules

2.

Cohesion

c)

Type of partially charged molecule that water is

3.

Polar

d)

Water's heat capacity

4.

High

e)

Force that allows some animals to walk on water

5.

Surface tension

24.

Higher salinity water means

a)

higher density

b)

lower density

c)

the same density

25.

Which of the following is NOT true about density?

a)

Water that is higher in density sinks

b)

Water that is higher in salinity sinks

c)

Water that is lower in temperature floats

d)

Water that is higher in temperature floats

26.

What affects the density of water? (Select all that apply)

a)

Salinity

b)

Nitrate

c)

Temperature

d)

Dissolved Oxygen

27.

Halocline

a)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which salinity changes rapidly with depth

b)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which temperature changes rapidly with depth

c)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which density changes rapidly with depth

d)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which oxygen changes rapidly with depth

28.

Thermocline

a)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which salinity changes rapidly with depth

b)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which temperature changes rapidly with depth

c)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which density changes rapidly with depth

d)

vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which oxygen changes rapidly with depth

29.

Where is cold deep ocean water formed?

a)

North Atlantic Ocean

b)

South Atlantic Ocean

c)

Equatorial Ocean

d)

North Pacific Ocean

30.

When water freezes at the poles, what is left behind?

a)

High salinity brine

b)

Low salinity water

c)

High temperature water

d)

Cold fresh water

31.

What makes thermohaline ocean circulation so important?

a)

It transports heat

b)

It moves water in the ocean

c)

It transports nutrients globally

d)

All of these are true

32.

______ causes deep ocean currents

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

wind

d)

density differences

33.

Decreasing ocean temperature causes the density of the water to ______.

a)

decrease

b)

increase

c)

stay the same

d)

fluctuate

34.

What does the blue line represent in the Thermohaline circulation?

a)

Warm salty water

b)

Warm water

c)

Cold water

d)

Cold salty water

35.

What does the red line represent?

a)

Warm water

b)

Warm salty water

c)

Cold water

d)

Cold salty water

36.
Which process does NOT lead to a decrease in the salinity of water?
a)
runoff from land
b)
precipitation
c)
sea ice melting
d)
evaporation
37.

Which of the following types of water would SINK the fastest?

a)

warm and salty

b)

cold and salty

c)

warm and fresh

d)

cold and fresh

38.
As currents warm near the equator, the currents
a)
float
b)
circulate
c)
sink
d)
rise
39.

Two types of water currents are

a)

Local and global

b)

Sea and land

c)

Warm and cold

d)

Surface and deep

40.

The ________________ is a term used to describe the global circulation pattern that connects the ocean surface currents and deep-water currents.

a)

Great Ocean Trade Winds Belt

b)

Great Ocean Downswelling Belt

c)

Great Ocean Thermohaline Belt

d)

Great Ocean Conveyor Belt

41.

The conveyor belt moves faster or slower than wind-driven or tidal currents.

a)

Faster

b)

Slower

42.
Ocean acidification begins with 
a)
pollution from ships
b)
carbon dioxide released from combustion
c)
dumping of waste from cities into the ocean
43.
Carbon dioxide and seawater combine to form
a)
calcium carbonate
b)
carbon monoxide
c)
carbonic acid 
44.
Marine organisms make their shells from calcium and
a)
chloride
b)
carbonate
c)
seawater
45.

When carbon dioxide ions react with water, what molecules do they release?

a)

Hydrogen Ions

b)

Carbonate Ions

46.
As the ocean becomes more acidic, the pH of the water
a)
increases
b)
decreases
47.

What do some marine creatures do with the carbonate ion?

a)

use it as a food source

b)

use it as a defense mechanism

c)

use it to build shells and exoskeletons

d)

use it to cool body temperatures

48.

Ocean acidification raises the pH of the ocean .

a)

True

b)

False

49.
Too many greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere may block heat from escaping into space and trap too much heat next to the Earth’s surface causing
a)
another ice age
b)
earthquakes
c)
volcanic eruptions
d)
global warming
50.
A greenhouse gas which is present in very high quantity is
a)
propane
b)
ethane
c)
CO2
d)
Methane
51.

A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7.

a)
Acid
b)
Alkaline
c)
Base
d)
Buffer
52.

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive.

a)

only plants

b)

only animals

c)

only bacteria

d)

all living things

53.

Bacteria fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form plants can use.

a)

True

b)

False

54.
Which nutrient is not cycled through the atmosphere?
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorous
d)
water
55.

What is the primary source of phosphorus in the biosphere?

a)

atmospheric gases

b)

ocean water

c)

organic matter

d)

rocks and minerals

56.

What is the largest reservoir for nitrogen?

a)

the ocean

b)

rocks and minerals

c)

the atmosphere

d)

bacteria

57.

In the nitrogen cycle, which compound is most toxic to aquatic organisms?

a)

ammonia

b)

nitrate

c)

nitrite

d)

nitrogen gas

58.

a solution with a high pH is _______ while a solution with a low pH is _______.

a)

basic, acidic

b)

acidic, basic

c)

neutral, alkaline

d)

acidic, alkaline

59.

Which compound leads to acidification of the marine environment

a)

bicarbonate

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

ammonia

d)

calcium

60.

Seawater is generally:

a)

0-4 pH

b)

4-7 pH

c)

8-10 pH

d)

10-14 pH

61.

Match the following

a)

Type of bonds between water molecules

1.

Hydrogen bonds

b)

Water's attraction for other water molecules

2.

Cohesion

c)

Type of partially charged molecule that water is

3.

Polar

d)

Water's heat capacity

4.

High

e)

Force that allows some animals to walk on water

5.

Surface tension

62.

How does most of the carbon in an organism's body return to the environment after the organism dies?

a)

Decomposers break the body down into simpler compounds

b)

Heat from the sun causes the carbon in the body to evaporate

c)

Geological processes cause the body to turn into a fossil fuel

d)

Rain water dissolves the carbon in the body and carries it to the ocean.

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