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Evolution and Earth History Review

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which type of rock are most fossils found?

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

fossils

2.

If a scientist found a fish fossil in the desert, what can they infer?

a)

An animal ate the fish.

b)

The water covered the area long ago.

c)

Today's fish looks the same

d)

The fish is endangered.

3.

What needs to happen FIRST for a fossil to form?

a)

A plant or animal must be covered by sediment.

b)

A plant or animal must die and decompose.

c)

Sediments fill a a mold to form a cast.

d)

An earthquake shifts the land up.

4.

What needs to happen SECOND for a fossil to form?

a)

A plant or animal must be covered by sediment.

b)

A plant or animal must die and decompose.

c)

Sediments fill a a mold to form a cast.

d)

An earthquake shifts the land up.

5.
The diagram shows layers of sedimentary rock and examples of the fossils each layer contains, Which layer contains the oldest fossils? 
a)
A. Layer 2
b)
B. Layer 4
c)
C. Layer 1
d)
D. Layer 3
6.

Which part of an organism's body typically fossilizes?

a)

Cartilage

b)

Skin and muscles

c)

Teeth and bones

d)

Hair and organs

7.
Which fossil layer is the youngest? 
a)
A. Layer A
b)
B. Layer B
c)
C. Layer C
d)
D. Layer D
8.

Which of these can often cause extinction of a species? Check all that apply.

a)

Disease

b)

Over-hunting

c)

Invasive Species

d)

Loss of habitat

e)

Lack of food resources

9.

How long ago did the Earth form?

a)

4,600 years ago

b)

460,000 years ago

c)

4.6 billion years ago

10.

Which came first in Geologic Time?

a)

Cenozoic Era

b)

Mesozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era

d)

Precambrian Time

11.

During which time segment of the Geologic Time Scale did fish first appear?

a)

Cenozoic Era

b)

Mesozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era

d)

Precambrian Time

12.

During which time segment of the Geologic Time Scale did dinosaurs live?

a)

Cenozoic Era

b)

Mesozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era

d)

Precambrian Time

13.

According to the fossil record, which evolved first?

a)

vertebrates

b)

invertebrates

c)

the evolved at the same time

14.

Pangaea formed near the end of the Paleozoic Era. What was Pangaea?

a)

a species of lemur

b)

a lake in Brazil

c)

a giant landmass of continents

15.
A unit of geologic time that subdivides eras
a)
period
b)
time span
16.
The Triassic Period, the Jurassic Period, and the Cretaceous Period occurred in what era?
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Mesozoic
17.
 The Quaternary period, where humans first appeared, is in the Mesozoic era.
a)
True
b)
False
18.
Paleozoic is an example of_________.
a)
an epoch
b)
an era
c)
a period
d)
an eon
19.

A trait or change in lifestyle that helps a plant or animal survive in its environment

a)

adaptation

b)

evolution

c)

homologous

d)

vestigial

20.

Parts of the body that are similar to other species because they have a common ancestor

a)

fossil record

b)

homologous structures

c)

embryology

21.

Body part you have that use to have a purpose but now has little or no function

a)

vestigial organ

b)

embryology

c)

homologous structures

22.

Scientist that contributed the most to our understanding of evolution

a)

Darwin

b)

Lamarck

23.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
24.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
25.
Genetic differences between organisms of the same species
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
26.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
27.

Body parts that are similar in function but different in structure

a)

vestigial structures

b)

analogous structures

c)

homologous structures

28.

Insect wings and bird wings are examples of

a)

vestigial structures

b)

analogous structures

c)

homologous structures

29.

Which structure is homologous to the human arm?

a)

fish's fin

b)

bat's wing

c)

bird's bill

d)

insect's wing

30.

What type of evidence is represented in the picture above:

a)

Vestigial Structures

b)

DNA

c)

Fossils

d)

Homologous structures

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