WorksheetsPreparation for final 4
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called
carbohydrogens
hydrocarbons
carbides
carbohydrates
What is the API gravity of a crude oil with a specific gravity of 0.86?
44 degrees API
11 degrees API
22 degrees API
33 degrees API
Flashpoint is defined as:
the temperature at which the vapor above the oil will momentarily flash or explode
lowest temperature at which wax crystals begin to form by a gradual cooling under standard conditions
a petroleum fraction is the lowest temperature at which the oil will pour or flow when it is cooled without stirring under standard cooling conditions
the temperature at which liquid solidifies at 1 atm pressure
Octane number is
a parameter defined to characterize antiknock characteristic of a fuel (gasoline and jet fuel) for spark ignition engines
indicative of high-speed performance
The ignition delay period can be evaluated by the fuel characterization factor
for a hydrocarbon or a petroleum fraction is defined as the minimum temperature at which equal volumes of liquid hydrocarbon and aniline are miscible
is a mixture of hydrocarbons
Methane
Brine
Crude oil
Water
The oil refining process: fractional distillation. The main equipment is a tall cylinder called
fractional distillation column
fluid tanks
condenser
furnace
Which device is preferred when wellstreams have high gas-to-oil ratios, when wellstream flow is more or less constant, and when liquid volumes are insignificant?
Free water knockout
Heaters-treaters
Vertical separators
Horizontal separators
Distillation can be used to separate a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids with different...
masses
viscosities
boiling points
colours
Different hydrocarbons in crude oil have different boiling points, so they can be separated by fractional ___________.
separation
osmosis
partitioning
distillation
The fractionating column is _______ at the bottom and ________ at the top.
cool / hot
red / blue
hot / cool
NO ANSWER
What are the products of fractional distillation of crude oil?
Refinery gases, petrol, naphtha kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil, lubricating oil, bitumen
Refinery gases
lubricating oil, bitumen
Refinery gases, petrol, naphtha kerosene
Contaminants must be removed by
desalting (dehydration)
CRACKING
REFORMING
ISOMERIZATION
By the content of sulfur crude oil is
0.1-0.5 wt. semi sweet/0.5-0.8 wt. sweet/ 0.8-5 wt. sour
0.2-0.5 wt. semi sweet/0.5-1 wt. sweet/ 0.8-5 wt. sour
0.1-0.5 wt. sweet/0.5-0.8 wt. semi sweet/ 0.8-5 wt. sour
0.1-0.5 wt. sweet/ 0.8-5 wt. sour
Depends on density divide oil to
gasoline, kerosene, lubricating oil
light, medium, heavy
sweet, sour, semi sweet
API gravity, viscosity
Desalting is
removes both salt and the residual free water
removes salt
more important than water content to a refiner is the salt content of the oil
wash water is injected into the crude oil
Gases are removed by
a stabilizer
Clean dilution
demulsifying chemicals
stripping agent
Large drums designed to separate wellstreams into their individual components:
pumps
fluid tanks
storage tanks
separators
Residuals are
used for industrial fuel; starting material for making other products
used for diesel fuel and heating oil; starting material for making other products
coke, asphalt, tar, waxes; starting material for making other products
used for motor oil, grease, other lubricants
The rectification process is mainly influenced by two parameters
temperature and pressure
time and pressure
cooling and condensation
temperature and velocity
Crude oil is a thick, smelly dark brown liquid. Before it can be used it must be separated into ___________.
fractions
test tubes
hydrogen and carbon
NO ANSWER
What is a measure of a gasoline’s resistance to knock or detonation in a cylinder of a gasoline engine that percentage of isooctane in a blend of isooctane and normal heptane that exactly matches the knock behavior of the gasoline?
flammability
density
octane number
flash point
What is the function of the valves on each tray?
to move up the vapour
to collect a different fraction
to allow the vapour to bubble through the liquid in the tray
no one
Which component of the column collects the condensed liquid from each fraction?
furnace
fractionater
trays
valves
Vapors of light gasoline:
140-160 DEGREE OF CELSIUS
140-240 DEGREE OF CELSIUS
240-350 DEGREE OF CELSIUS
140-220 DEGREE OF CELSIUS
MAJOR COMPONENT OF NATURAL GAS
METHANE
DICHLORMETHANE
ETHANE
PROPANE
