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WorksheetsSeismic Waves and Earth's Interior
Total questions: 27
Worksheet time: 16mins
The outer most solid, thinnest layer of earth, made up of the least dense material (1% of the earth's mass)
Crust
Outer Core
Mantle
Asthenosphere
A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth
Outer core
Inner Core
Mantle
Lithosphere
the liquid layer of the Earth's core composed of nickel and iron that lies between the mantle and the inner core
Outer Core
Inner Core
Mantle
Asthenosphere
Located between the crust and the core; contains most of the earth's mass; composed of soft, molten rock (magma)
Crust
Outer Core
Inner Core
Mantle
The most rigid part earth. Made up of the earth's crust and part of the mantle. Because it is so rigid it is broken up into tectonic plates
Crust
Outer Core
Asthenosphere
Lithosphere
Located below the lithosphere; due to convection it is in constant slow motion with the lithosphere floating on top of it
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer Core
are produced by earthquakes; carry energy from the source of the earthquake throughout the earth
seismic waves
electromagnetic waves
microwaves
infrared waves
a type of seismic waves; consists of both P waves and S waves
body waves
surface waves
electromagnetic waves
raleigh waves
a type of seismic waves; arrive last, traveling the slowest and cause the most damage
Primary waves
Secondary waves
Body waves
Surface waves
an instrument that measures the force and duration of an earthquake
epicenter
seismic wave
seismometer (seismograph)
galvanometer
the point on earth's surface directly above an earthquake is called the
seismic wave
epicenter
body wave
seismometer (seismograph)
Longitudinal waves that are the first to arrive; travel the fastest; can move through solids or liquids
Primary (P) waves
Secondary (S) waves
Body waves
Surface waves
Transverse waves that are the second to arrive; travel slower; cannot move through liquids, can only move through solids
Primary (P) waves
Secondary (S) waves
Body waves
Surface waves
particles move back and forth in the same direction that the wave travels, or parallel to the wave
longitudinal wave
transverse wave
electromagnetic wave
surface wave
A wave that moves the medium in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels
longitudinal wave
transverse wave
body wave
sound wave
locations on Earth's surface where no seismic waves from a particular earthquake can be detected by seismographs
seismometer (seismograph)
shadow zones
epicenter
body waves
Which label represents the arrival of the S-wave?
A
B
C
Which label represents the arrival of the P-wave?
A
B
C
Which label represents the arrival of the P-wave?
A
B
C
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Which seismic stations are located in the S-wave shadow zone?
W
X
Y
Z
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Which seismic stations are located in the p-wave shadow zone?
W
X
Y
Z
Which explanation is true about the data for P-waves?
P-waves are blocked when they reach the solid inner core because P-waves cannot travel through solids.
P-waves increase in speed continuously through Earth because density increases with depth.
P-wave speed increases as density increases, but briefly decreases each time it reaches a new layer.
P-waves are unable to travel through the mantle of Earth due to the fact that there is too much pressure.
Which explanation is true about the data for S-waves?
S-wave speed drops to zero at 2900 km due to the fact that it is blocked by a liquid medium at this depth
S-waves cannot travel through the solid portion of Earth, causing the S-waves to stop at 2900 km
S-waves increase in speed as they enter the outer core because it is a liquid.
S-waves are unable to travel through the mantle of Earth due to the fact that they can only travel along the surface.
Which part of the data gives evidence for a solid inner core?
S-waves stop at 2900 feet because S- waves cannot travel through a solid.
P-wave speed increases suddenly at 5200 km and no longer increases.
P-waves increase in speed constantly as they travel through Earth.
P-waves decrease in speed at 200 km due to a decrease in density.
What causes P-waves to refract (bend) as they travel through the core?
the core is solid and P-waves cannot travel through solids
the core is liquid and P-waves cannot travel through liquids
the density of the medium changes suddenly because it is a liquid, causing P-waves to bend.
the density of the core is greater than the mantle, causing the P-waves to be blocked.
Why are S-waves blocked by the outer core?
the outer core is a solid and S-waves are compressional waves.
the outer core is a liquid and S-waves are longitudinal waves
the outer core is a liquid and S-waves are transverse waves
S-waves are only able to travel on the surface of the Earth.
Which of the following must be true of this seismogram?
It was located in the P-wave shadow zone of this earthquake
It was NOT located in the shadow zone of this earthquake
It was located in the S-wave shadow zone of this earthquake
it was located directly above the earthquake's epicenter
