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WorksheetsCh8.2 The Discovery of DNA as the Genetic Material
Total questions: 12
Worksheet time: 7mins
Griffith, Avery, and Hershey/Chase all performed important experiments that helped us discover that the genetic material that stores hereditary information is encoded in ______.
Protein
Lipids
DNA
Ribosomes
Hershey and Chase did their DNA studies on viruses that infect bacteria, called __________________
Bacteriophages
Influenza
Staphylococcus
r-strains
Hershey and Chase used the radioactive elements phosphorous and sulfur to study how bacteriophages infect bacteria. These elements were chosen because the element ______________ is
only found in DNA and the element _______________ is only found in protein.
phosphorous; sulfur
sulfur; phosphorous
The strain of staphylococcus bacteria that can cause pneumonia (pathogenic)
r-strain
s-strain
both
neither
The scientist(s) that first discovered bacterial transformation
Watson and Crick
Griffith
Avery
Hershey and Chase
What is the structural difference between r-strain and s-strain staphylococcus?
the r-strain has a capsule and the s-strain does not.
the s-strain has a capsule and the r-strain does not.
the r-strain has DNA and the s-strain does not.
the s-strain has DNA and the r-strain does not.
Griffith's transformation experiments proved that DNA was the genetic material without a doubt.
True, he showed DNA was the genetic material
False, he only proved that there was a transformative material, but could determine if it was protein or DNA
False, his results were inconclusive and didn't get us any closer to discovering the genetic material
In Griffith's experiment, what was the result of injecting dead s-strain and live r-strain bacteria into a mouse?
The mouse died and live s-strain was recovered from the blood
The mouse lived
The mouse died and live r-strain was recovered from the blood
In short, what is bacterial transformation?
The process by which bacteria can pass genetic information to one another...even when dead
The process of converting bacteria into viruses
The process of converting viruses into bacteria
The process by which bacteria turn pathogenic
In short, how did Avery's experiments differ from those of Griffith?
Avery performed the same experiments but he selectively removed specific organic molecules each time to determine which of them was the transforming molecule.
Avery used viruses instead of bacteria
Avery performed very similar experiments but he infected a different organism rather than mice.
Avery's experiments were inconclusive whereas Griffith's definitely showed that DNA was the genetic material.
Avery showed that bacterial transformation cannot occur in the absence of _____.
Proteins
DNA
RNA
Lipids
(a) Something is transferred between dead bacteria and living bacteria, that causes the living bacteria to take on the characteristics of the dead bacteria. This process is called transformation.
(b) Radioactive DNA from bacteriophages were found in the host bacteria, making DNA the genetic material, whereas radioactive bacteriophage proteins were not found in host.
(c) Enzymes that destroy DNA will prevent transformation from occurring, so DNA must be the genetic material causing transformation.
