Advertising-supported software; software which renders advertisements for the purpose of generating revenue for its author

​Collaborative iterative software development process that involves: planning, requirement analysis, design, coding, unit testing, and acceptance testing; Each iterative process is called a sprint

​A step-by-step list of rules/instructions that specifies how to solve a given problem

​An early testing stage

A computer software or program that detects and destroys malwares on a computer

​(Application Programming Interface) It is part of a server that receives requests and sends a response without the end user having to leave the application. For example: you schedule a hair appointment online with your stylist, the website offers you the opportunity to add that appointment directly to your Outlook calendar and you accept - the stylist's server communicates with the Outlook server and puts the appointment on your calendar as an API request)

​To add or join data in an existing array or list

​A computer program that gives computer instructions

​A list of objects that are the same data type, (an array of strings, integers, floats) each item in the array is called an array element

A single item in an array

​The location of an array element, the first index always starts with [0,1,2...]

(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) Represents characters using numeric values, it uses a 7- bit system that gives it 128 possible combinations

​An extra copy of a file or directory stored in a separate storage device for future reference in case the original data is lost or corrupted

​A measurement of transmission rate of the data in a networking device

The secondary testing stage in the series of testing phase

A measure of the time and memory needed to complete an algorithm based on the problem size known as (n)

A number system with the base 2, represented by a combination of 0's and 1's

(Basic Input/Output System) Pre-installed Windows programmed used to startup the computer; it checks the hardware connections and devices before launching the OS.

A single and smallest unit of information stored in a computer and can be either a 0 or a 1

Short range wireless connection that reaches 30 feet

A binary value having two possible outcomes: true/false, yes/no, on/off

A logical expression whose outcomes have two possible answers: True/False

Allows the computer to deviate from its normal algorithmic flow and continue reading through the code following another path (or branch)

A computer application used to view html pages/websites through an internet connection

A part of memory used for temporary storage; helps to overcome the data transfer rate between two communicating devices

Denotes a fault or error in a computer program or a machine

Is equal to 8 bits, it is the the abbreviation of the two words binary term, it is a unit of storage for a single character

The size or amount of information/data that can be stored in a device usually denoted in KiloBytes/MegaBytes/GigaBytes

The in-depth knowledge of how computers operate and process data to solve problems

Also known as the brain of the computer; the part of computer that does most of the processing

A template or a blueprint that describes the state(variables) and behaviors(methods) of an object(s)

Press the mouse button or the keys of the keyboard

A remote server(s) that store data and can be retrieved online

A symbolic representation of a program or data in computer

An instruction to the computer; usually an elementary part of a computer program

A program or software for translating a computer program written in one language into code that can be executed by the computer

Translated source code (high-level language) to executable or assembly code

Used to reduce the size of a file/files to take up less memory space and to send a file(s) quickly online; compression can either be lossless or lossy

Joining two String values together using the '+' operator; e.g. "hello" + "World" will result in helloWorld

The mathematical symbols used to compare two values or variable for a decision making scenario in a computer program; greater than(>),greater than or equal to(>=), less than(<), less than or equal to(<=), not equal to(!=)

In programming, this value cannot be changed by the program; unlike a variable

The ownership of someone's work and their right to sell or advertise the work

An illegal crime or offence done through the internet and computers; e.g. credit card fraud

The world wide network of computers and other online devices connected through the internet

The process of permanently and irreversibly removing or destroying the data stored on a memory device for security purposes

Defines what kind of value a variable can hold such as number or string

An organized collection of data, files and services to access them in a variety of ways relevant to the data

The process of identifying errors or bugs in a program and fixing them

To break down a complex problem into smaller, simpler blocks

The process of decoding an encrypted data or text into a format or language that you can understand

The number system with the base ten, represented by a combination of ten digits ranging from 0 to 9

1) When the NOT operator is applied to the AND of two variables, it is equal to the NOT applied to each of the variables with an OR in between; 2) When the NOT operator is applied to the OR of two variables, it is equal to the NOT applied to each of the two variables with an AND in between

The numeric data type that contains positive or negative decimal numbers such as 12.3864 or -2.876

The feature of a programming language which enables the bundling of relevant data and methods of an object together; also provides for the security of object's data

The process of encoding a text or data into a format that only the authorized parties can understand or access; an important process to ensure cyber data safety

An error that occurs during runtime or compile time due to an incorrect syntax, command or invalid user input

The process of rectifying the exceptions that occur in a computer code or program

United States law that permits limited use of copyrighted material without having to first acquire permission from the copyright holder

An iterative loop that executes a set of instructions repeatedly with a predefined beginning, terminating and incrementing condition; e.g. for(int i = 1; i<10;i++){//instructions }

A procedure or a module that has a block of code or instructions that can be reused through the function call wherever required in a program

the process of identifying objects or data variables that are no more needed and delete them to free

equals to a billion bytes ( 10^9 )

Global Positioning System, is a navigation system used to track or find the physical location of an object or place of interest

(Graphical User Interface) the user interface that includes icons, toolbars, windows and other buttons to enable the end user to comfortably interact with a program

The process of gaining an unauthorised access or control of a computing device or a program

A person who gains an unauthorised access to a computer or any other network device like a server

The physical components of a computer; includes the input, output devices and the processing units; e.g. CPU, Monitor, Printer, Keyboard

An imported Java Utility that is used for storing key and value pairs: HashMap<key,value>; this class permits null values and the null key

The number system with the base 16, represented by a combination of sixteen digits ranging from 0 through 9 and A through F; e.g. 23F9A

A structured system of ranking and placing the components in a particular order generally by the order of their importance

Language or code that is readily able to be written and read by humans; this language must be compiled or interpreted in order to be understood by the computer

(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) A set of rules that transfers files (graphics, sound, text) on the World Wide Web, it runs on top of TCP/IP

(Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) Like HTTP but adds a secure layer (SSL) in the data transfer protocol

(Integrated Development Environment) Used to develop software by providing an editor, automation and debugging tools for the programmer

Input and output

(Internet Protocol) The rules/standards used to send and receive information over the Internet

A unique identifier for each device on the Internet or local network; Current standard is IvP4 and now IvP6

32 bit addresses; this allows for 4,294,967,296 (2^32) unique IP addresses; because of the number of IoT and other devices this is being update to IvP6

128 bit addresses; this allows for 340,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (2^64) unique IP addresses

A conditional statement that runs if the data set is proven true

Compares two or more data sets; IF the statement is true, the instructions continue if not the program continues the ELSE instructions

A set of instructions that run repeatedly for an infinite number of times and are often caused due to a missing termination condition for the loop to exit

Allows new objects to take the properties of existing objects; the class used for inheritance is called the superclass(or a parent class) and the class that inherits is a subclass(or a child class)

Assigning a variable a beginning value (int a = 3)

To create an object of a particular class is referred to as instantiating that class

A numeric data type which represents whole numbers; can be positive, negative or a zero

The network of all the computers and other devices that are connected through the world wide web and communicate through a set of established rules and protocols

Computer language that does not need to be compiled into machine language (or translated) first, instead the language (such as Java) is interpreted and compiled at the time of execution; the code is read line by line; Java is an interpreted language

(Internet of Things) Interrelated computing devices that have unique identifiers and can exchange information over a network without human intervention

The identification for a device that is connected to the internet; can be permanent or temporary based on the protocol or the network; e.g. 129.45.67.09

The repetition of a certain process to reach a desired goal; helps avoid rewriting the same instructions.

Object-oriented, class-based, interpreted programming language

Used in web development to add dynamic and interactive elements to a website

Equal to 1,000 bytes or 10^3; used to measure the size of files

A collection of routines/modules/functions already created that can be called and used by the programmer; (examples might be: message templates, configuration data, subroutines, classes)

Part of a program that repeats a set of instructions for a specified number of of times

Compression of a file without losing any quality; rewrites data in more efficient manner; still a larger compression type than lossy compression

Compression of a file in which their is loss of quality; used with audio and graphics, this compression method degrades the original and can be visible and audible loss

Machine language or code that the machine can read

Language consisting of binary and/or hexadecimals that allows the computer to reply directly

A software program intentionally designed to cause harm to a computing device or server

A type of short-circuit evaluation in which semantics of some Boolean operators where the second argument is executed or evaluated if the first argument is insufficient in determining the value of the expression

Equal to 1,000,000 bytes or 10^6; used to measure the size of files

Determines whether other classes can a specific field or use a particular method

The main circuit board of the computer which connects major components of a computer such as CPU, memory, I/O devices

A set of computing and electronic devices connected through a wired or wireless medium for interaction; e.g. a network of computers, cell phone, router and printer

A loop within a loop used for repeating an inner loop through the outer loop

An instance of a class in an object oriented programming approach such as Dog is an instance of the class Animal

A programming style in which data and behavior are associated with an object modelling the real world scenario

That software of the computer that instructs the hardware components to work and interact with other software/hardware components; e.g. Mac, Windows, Unix

A group of ideas that represent how something should be developed or made

A special kind of variable used in a method or a function and has the data provided as input to the that method(function) call

Illegal production and distribution of a media(audio, video, images, art, computer software)

The smallest distinct part of an image in digital format

The process of stealing somebody else's work and posting it as yours

The process of using same modules to provide different behaviors usually through the use of varying parameters(count and data types)

A socket on a computing device for attaching them to external devices such as keyboard or a printer

A block of code or instructions that can run independently; also known as method or function

The hardware component that executes the computer programs and software applications; also referred as the Central Processing Unit

A program designed to edit programming; may or may not be part of an IDE

(Or program) set of instructions used by a computer to solve a purpose or problem

A variable/method that can only be accessed by the class that belong to or its subclass

The rules and regulations that establish the grounds of communication between two or more devices or program; e.g. HTTP, TCP/IP

A working or non-working model of a project or object which is made for demonstration purposes; provides an approximate idea of how the end product would look and function like

A variable/method that can be accessed only by the class they belong

A well explained set of instructions about how a computer program or an algorithm will work but written in a rather non-programming language

May be referred to as "Global"; a variable/method that can be accessed by any other program or part of the program

When the client initiates a request and the server responds

When the server initiates a request and the client responds

High-level, interpreted programming language; this language was created by Guido van Rossum and released in 1991

Stands for Quick Response Code; barcode variety with a matrix of dots which can be scanned with a QR scanner

A question that is asked of a computer program that is answered by the program

An advanced type of malware that restricts access to the computer system until the user pays a fee

Also known as Random Access Memory, temporary working memory storage

Stands for "Red, Green, Blue"; specifies color by giving the amount of each of three primary colors to make the desired color

To restart a computer or other device usually as a part of troubleshooting

Used by version control systems as a central storage system for multiple versions of data; usually accessible by multiple users

Also known as Read Only Memory, stores the boot up instructions called BIOS; permanent storage

A network device that establishes the path for a data packet to transfer through the network medium

(System Development Life Cycle; Software Development Life Cycle);

A computer that provides a specific service and is accessible over the internet

Modeling the behaviors and conditions of the real world situation or problem in a virtual form

A computer component that includes at least one or many programs and data files and are used with a specific goal in mind such as image processing software(Adobe Photoshop)

An unwanted email or message

A malicious software that spies on a user, tracks their internet activities

(Secure Sockets Layer) A standard security that uses an encrypted link to transfer data between the server and its client

A combination of symbols, characters, numbers and letters; can be a name or an address

Can also be called "child class"; this class inherits behavior and states from its superclass (or parent)

Takes characters from a list between the two quantified indices

Can also be called "parent class"; the class or computer program that has data and methods which can be inherited or reused by a subclass(child)

A device that receives incoming data packets and redirects them to their destination on a local area network

The conditional block of instructions where decision is made based on comparison of defined cases

The grammar to define how a statement or command should be written in a certain language

(Transmission Control Protocol) A transport layer protocol that enables systems to communicate over the Web

Equals to a trillion bytes ( 10^12 )

A small unit of execution of a process that can run in parallel with other threads in the process; helps multiple parts of a process run simultaneously

The physical or the logical configuration of a network; the arrangement of a network, including its devices and connecting links

A computer program that misrepresents itself as a regular program in order to persuade an unsuspecting victim to install it

A systematic approach to solve a problem, error, or fault within software or a computer system

An array of arrays which has set of rows and columns usually represented as a table

A name that a user defines to register themselves for a website or a user group; also known as screen name

(Uniform Resource Locator) The address of a specific website, page or file

A user defined name that represents a data value to be stored and changed during a computer program run; can have numbers, strings, true or false values

A software implementation of a hardware component that executes programs like a physical machine

A malicious program that has the capability to replicate itself and corrupt the device it is hosted on

System used to track changes to a files enabling the user to go back to prior file creations; examples of version control systems are (GitHub, Mercurial)

A SDLC model developed by Winston W Royce in 1970, this development methodology uses five steps: requirements (planning and analysis), design (logical and physical), implementation (programming), verification (customer roll-out), and maintenance

An application that provides the user with tools needed to write and edit and format text files such as Google docs, Microsoft Word

A malicious program that replicates itself to corrupt the files and data on the victim device

A collection of interlinked web pages on the World Wide Web

A loop that repeats while a condition is true

A wireless method used to send information that uses radio waves

The white/blank area usually on the right side of a learning system where you are able drag and drop commands in a blocky program

(Extensible Markup Language) Not a markup language, but a "metalanguage", it can be used by HTML; it is used to create a markup language for a particular application such as a database of information used on a website without having to use a specific database program

(Yet Another Compiler Compiler) ; a Unix system tool program for generating C or C++ code for a parser; a command-line tool that accepts a grammar description (in a text file) as input and generates the code for a parser for that grammar as output

The file format that compresses a data file for less storage issues and quicker online transfer of material; the file extension ends in .zip