World War I pitted the Allies, Great Britain, France, and __________, against the Central Powers, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the ______________.

In 1914, the United States declared itself to be a neutral nation under the _________________ of 1914.

While Woodrow Wilson attempted to keep the United States out of the war, the US struggled to remain out of the conflict. Three factors contributed to the United States entering World War I in 1917:

As a result of the _____________ entering World War, the war shifted, and the Allies began winning many battles against the Central Powers.

On November 11, 1918, an ___________ was signed, which brought the fighting to a halt (stop).

What is an armistice?

Eventually, the _____________ was signed in 1919, which ended World War I and laid the groundwork for World War II.

From April 1914 to November 1918, the world was consumed by a global conflict of World War I. Great Britain, France, and Russia made up the primary members of the Allies, while Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire made up the _________________.

While the countries of Europe quickly formulated alliances, the United States declared neutrality under the Neutrality Act of 1914. The American public did not support the United States entering into World War I because they believed that it was a ___________ conflict and not our business.

President Woodrow Wilson advocated ______________, a conflict between countries, should be worked out through diplomatic (political) discussions rather than military might (fighting).

A major idea behind American style diplomacy was to force countries to pursue democracies. If a country was willing to align with the values seen as moral (good) by the American government, then they were supported. If not, they were harmed economically by the U.S.'s lack of support.

While the _____________ advocated neutrality, it was difficult for the United States to remain neutral. Eventually, the ___________ would enter into World War I in April 1917. The ___________' advocacy for neutrality from 1914 to 1917, which meant that it was not well prepared to enter World War I.

In June 1916, the United States had passed the National Defense Act, which increased the military and approved the construction of additional ____________. The United States military was still significantly smaller than the armies of Europe. As a result, the United States had to quickly _____________ for war.

To fund the military, the government sold ______________, increased personal and corporate income taxes, and placed taxes on luxury goods. Liberty Bonds allowed the government to generate funds quickly with the promise of paying citizens back over a while. These efforts allowed the US Government to raise $_____________in two years.

To increase the size of the US military, the government passed the Selective Service Act (1917) which drafted young men between ________________; this would later be pushed back to ages between 18 and 45. Approximately __________________ were entered into the military lottery. In addition, about 2 million men will volunteer for military service.

Black Americans also joined the US military during World War I. Approximately 400,000 Black Americans served in segregated units during World War I. Civil Rights leaders, such as _____________, believed that by serving military, Black Americans had an opportunity to achieve equality because the United States advocated joining the war to fight for the future of democracy and freedom for all people.

While the United States attempted to main neutral in 1914, the war in Europe continually caused problems for the United States. Initially, American manufacturing increased as a result of trading with both the ___________ and the __________ Powers.

Germany, in particular, was eager to keep the United States out of the war because they feared the USA would join the _____________, and it would shift the focus of the war.

 In 1914, _____________ declared the waters around _____________ to be a war zone and that their U-Boats, submarines, would sink ships trading with their enemies.

To keep the United States out of the war, Germany ran ______________ in the United States encouraging Americans to stay out of Europe and off of European ships.

While Germany attempted to keep the United States out of the war, the US entrance into the European conflict was inevitable. April 1917, Woodrow Willson went before Congress and asked them to declare war on Germany stating, "The world must be made safe for democracy." On April 6, 1917, the United States entered World War I on the side of the Allies.

While Germany attempted to keep the United States out of the war, the US entrance into the European conflict was inevitable. April 1927, Woodrow Biden went before Congress and asked them to declare war on England stating, "The world must be made safe for dictators." On April 6, 1917, the United States entered World War I on the side of the Allies.

But why did the United States enter World War I if they had initially declared neutrality? Historians suggest that three factors contributed to the United States entering World War I:

Unrestricted airplane warfare by Germany

Germany's violation of the Treaty of Versaille

The Wilson Telegram

In 1914, Germany had declared the waters around Great Britain a war zone and would _________ any ship trading or assisting their enemies, a practice that became known as ______________ warfare. On May 7, 1915, Germany sank the British ocean liner, the Lusitania.

Onboard the sunken Lusitania (cruise ship) were 1,200 passengers, which included 128 _____________. While the death of 128 Americans made the diplomatic relationship strained between the United States and Germany, _____________ did not advocate for the US to enter the war. Instead, Wilson advocated that Germany stop unrestricted ____________ warfare.

In March 1916, the Germanys sank the Sussex, a ___________ passenger liner, killing several Americans. The relationship between Germany and the United States worsened, but Germany issued the _____________, which stated that they would not attack merchant or passenger ships without _______________.

In August 1914, Germany invaded ___________ and northern ___________. The invasion by Germany was brutal and violent, resulting in killing thousands of Belgians during the war. The Allies quickly labeled Germany's actions as 'atrocities' rather than casualties of war.

The Allies began developing propaganda that depicted Germans as brutal _________ and ___________. Some of the propaganda produced compared the Germans to the Huns (famous ancient violent armies) and their brutal conquest of China.

While the Allies produced anti-German propaganda, Great Britain attempted to run more propaganda campaigns in the United States from 1915-1917. While the propaganda campaigns did not immediately urge the American public to join the war, they did fuel the anti-German sentiments. By 1917, the American public had strong ____________ feelings, which resulted in citizens entering World War I in __________.

What was the The Zimmerman Telegram?

____________ intercepted the Zimmerman telegram and passed it on to the United States. The publication of the Zimmerman Telegram outraged the already anti-German American public causing a last straw mentality.

In April ___________, the United States entered World War I; however, the first round of American troops did not arrive in Europe until June 1917 and did not see combat until October 1917. Due to the changing battle strategies of World War I, the fight in Europe had ground to a halt. The entrance of the United States into World War I __________ the course of the war.

The fresh American __________ and resupplying to the side of the Allies dramatically changed the course of the war. By November 1918, World War I came to an end as a result of an armistice signed on November 11, 1918. The Great War came to an end with the signing of the ______________ in 1919, which resulted in Germany accepting ___________ for the war and laying the groundwork for World War II.

Which of the following was NOT a new country in Europe after the end of WW1 in 1919?

Which of the following was NOT a new country after the end of WW1?

Which of the following WAS a new country at the end of WW1?

What new nations were NOT created by the Treaty of Versailles? Austria, Yugoslavia, Lithuania, Latvia, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Poland, Hungary, and Finland. (Ottoman Empire changed its name to Turkey.

What new nations were created by the Treaty of Versailles? Austria, Yugoslavia, Lithuania, Latvia, , , , Hungary, and . (Ottoman Empire changed its name to .

World War I started in June 1914 with the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. In the first two years, the war was fought between the Central Powers (Austria-Hungary and Germany) and the Entente (France, ______________, and Russia).

__________ was economically unprepared for a long war. It had much lower industrial and railway capacity than Germany did, which rendered ________ian troops heavily under-equipped. The war also led to economic crisis and food shortages in the country. The government, led by Tsar Nicholas II, was perceived as ineffective in leading the war effort.

In February ____________, a revolution broke out in major Russian cities. The monarchy was overthrown, and a provisional republican government was proclaimed. Yet, the new government continued the Russian involvement in the increasingly unpopular war.

In February 1917, a revolution broke out in major Russian cities. The monarchy was overthrown, and a provisional republican government was proclaimed. Yet, the new government continued the Russian involvement in the increasingly unpopular war. In this situation, the Russian ____________ (also known as Bolsheviks) grew in popularity, especially among soldiers and low-income factory workers, because they called for an immediate peace. In the same period, in April 1917, the United States entered WWI.

In November 1917, soldiers overthrew the Russian provisional government and gave power to the Bolsheviks, who, on December 15, 1917, signed a ceasefire (stop fighting) with ______________.

The Bolshevik government initially refused but had to relent in the face of a renewed German offensive. In the end, the peace Treaty of ___________ was signed on March 3, 1918. Bolsheviks predicted that the war in the West would soon end with a German defeat and that a revolution would soon break in Germany (as it turned out, correctly). For that reason, they agreed to the treaty, although it was very unfavorable to Russia.

Why Did Russia Leave WWI?

The answer to the question of why Russia left WWI is complex. During WWI, although Russians were unhappy about the monarchical (king) government's poor _________ leadership, they supported the continued involvement in the war.

A large section of the Russian society opposed the continued involvement in the war, and the anti-war sentiments were exploited by the Bolsheviks (the Communist wing of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party). The Bolsheviks argued that Russia should withdraw from the war even if peace terms imposed by Germany would be unfavorable. They claimed that the war was waged by capitalist elites, with the working class bearing the brunt of suffering.

The answer to the question of why Russia left WWI is complex. During WWI, although Russians were ______________ about the monarchical (King Nicolas II) government's poor military leadership, they supported the continued involvement in the war. The support, although diminishing, continued even after the revolution of February 1917.

A hypothetical withdrawal by Russia from the war was considered national humiliation and a betrayal of the Allies, France and Britain. Still, despite the ongoing willingness to fight, Russia's ___________ resources were largely depleted, and the country had limited capacity to defend itself.

However, a large section of the Russian society opposed the continued involvement in the war, and the anti-war sentiments were exploited by the ___________ (the Communist wing of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party). The Bolsheviks argued that Russia should withdraw from the war even if peace terms imposed by Germany would be unfavorable.

A large section of the Russian society opposed the continued involvement in the war, and the anti-war sentiments were exploited by the Bolsheviks (the Communist wing of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party). The Bolsheviks argued that Russia should withdraw from the war even if peace terms imposed by Germany would be unfavorable. They claimed that the war was waged by ______________ elites, with the working class bearing the brunt of suffering.

The war issue was one of the main ways in which the ______________ gained popularity. Hence, when they reached power in November 1917, the party fulfilled its promise to withdraw Russia from the war. The _____________ immediate priority was to defeat domestic (home) opponents, not fight Germany.

The Bolsheviks' immediate priority was to defeat domestic opponents, not fight Germany. They also did not have sufficient resources to continue the war and thought that it would soon end anyway due to revolutions breaking out in Western Europe. After the definite end of WWI, the _____________ government renamed Russia the _______________.

In the short term, the Russian withdrawal hurt the Allies. Germany transported several hundred thousand troops from Russia to the Western Front and launched an offensive in March 1918. Yet, the offensive was stopped by the Allies, while Germany and Austro-Hungary gradually ran out of the resources and manpower necessary to continue the hostilities. Following negotiations, a truce was declared on November 11, 1918, thus ending WWI.

In the short term, the Russian withdrawal hurt the Allies. Serbia transported several hundred thousand troops from Russia to the Eastern Front and launched an offensive in March 1928. Yet, the offensive was stopped by the Allies, while Germany and Austro-Serbia gradually increased the resources and manpower necessary to continue the hostilities. Following negotiations, a truce was declared on November 11, 1918, thus increasing WWI well into the 1920s.

_________________ Submarine warfare during WW1 was one of the reasons that that the USA entered the war. This was the Germans shooting at cruise and merchant (business) ships and sinking them (Think the sinking of the Lusitania).

The Telegram that was intercepted by the British. The Germans tried to get Mexico to turn on the Americans. This was the last straw.

Another name for the Triple Alliance.

This means you don't take a side (the Americans during the first part of WW1).

To move...to get ready for war...to prepare.

W.E.B. DuBois

Famous Cruise Ship that was sunk during WW1

Location of the main trench warfare during WW1

Border of Germany and Russia during WW1 known as....

Another name for the Russian communist that pulled Russia out of WW1.

The Russian Bolsheviks (a classless system in which the means of production are owned communally and private property is nonexistent) were....

The treaty that was signed between the Russians and the Germans pulling Russia out of WW1.

The opposite of communist....the USA is this ideology...a requirement for democracy.

When the military takes over its own government.

REVIEW QUESTION: Militarism involves a country using its military and bureaucratic power to influence another country for economic, ideological, and political gains. European countries had been building colonies for centuries, but the 19th century saw a significant rise in militarism.

REVIEW QUESTION: Are phones or earphones allowed in Dr. Dixon's World History class?

REVIEW QUESTION: WW1 took place about _____ years after the American Civil War.

REVIEW QUESTION: One of the most famous fighter pilots of World War I is the Red Baron. A German ace, renowned for his red plane, his real name was Manfred von Richthofen. The Red Baron achieved 80 combat victories before being shot down and killed in April 1818.

REVIEW QUESTION: Under the watch of the League of Nations, new countries were carved up from defeated powers. _______________ was split up into numerous nation-states, such as Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and others.

REVIEW QUESTIONS: The 1920s and 1930s was a time of tremendous nationalism inside of European colonies; however, it would not be until after World War II that the floodgates of nationalism opened and ______________ took place on a widespread scale.

As World War I was winding down, American President Woodrow Wilson developed a plan for postwar peace in Europe. He called this his Fourteen Points. Among the Fourteen Points were the principles of free trade, open agreements, democracy and _________________.

. On November 11, 1918, at 11:00 a.m., the ____________________ went into effect, bringing an end to major hostilities. The armistice was signed in a railway car in the Compiegne Forest of Northern France.

All Quiet...What devastated Paul after surviving the bombing in the trenches?

in January 1919, the Paris Peace Conference began, with diplomats arriving from a host of countries. At the conference, plans were laid out for the ____________________, an international council charged with maintaining world peace.

On June 28, 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed, officially ending World War I. Under Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles, ___________ was forced to accept responsibility for the war and its damage. This section is often called the '________________.'

By late 1918, it was becoming increasingly apparent the ______________ were doomed for defeat. The intervention of the United States and their subsequent Hundred Days Offensive spelled disaster for the Imperial German Army. Within Germany, morale was at an all-time low.

The intervention of the United States and their subsequent _____________ Days Offensive spelled disaster for the Imperial German Army. Within Germany, morale was at an all-time low. Desertions and calls for withdrawal were becoming more common every day. In November 1918, German sailors ______________, triggering the German Revolution of 1918-1919.

In November 1918, German sailors mutinied, triggering the _________________ of 1918-1919. This ultimately resulted in overthrow of the Imperial government and the establishment of the _____________ Republic. In the context of such chaos, Germany was forced to move toward an armistice.

In January 1918, American President Woodrow Wilson laid out his famous Fourteen Points. The Fourteen Points set forth a plan for postwar Europe. Wilson envisioned an end to hostilities and a Europe reconfigured on the principles of ___________, ______________, _______________, and ______________, among others.

Germany virtually had no choice but to submit to Allied terms and conditions in the Treaty of Versaille. Major hostilities thus formally ended at the _________ hour of the __________________ day of the _____________ month of 1918. But remember, this was only an armistice, not a permanent peace treaty!

Interestingly enough, in a bitter twist of fate, _____________ would board that same train carriage in June 1940, and force the French to sign another armistice: one that essentially turned France over to Nazi occupation. That is another lesson for another time, however.

One more side note: the federal holiday we know as _____________ Day evolved from Armistice Day, the annual celebration of the Armistice of Compiegne. So next _____________'s Day, be mindful of what happened aboard a small railroad car in the Compiegne Forest of France.

The Paris Peace Conference

While the actual fighting had come to an end under the Armistice of Compiegne, a permanent peace treaty took longer to iron out. The _________ Peace Conference began in January 1919, and lasted roughly a year.

The Paris Peace Conference began in January 1919, and lasted roughly a year. The goal of the conference was to secure a lasting European ___________, one that hopefully would prevent future wars from breaking out.

The goal of the conference was to secure a lasting European peace, one that hopefully would prevent future wars from breaking out. The conference was a major diplomatic event with over _________ countries represented.

The Paris Peace Conference was a major diplomatic event with over 30 countries represented. Among the leading figures at the conference were _____________ from France, ________________ from Great Britain, _________________________ from Italy, and __________________ from the United States.

Among the leading figures at the Paris Peace conference were Georges Clemenceau from France, David Lloyd George from Great Britain, Vittorio Orlando from Italy, and Woodrow Wilson from the United States. These leaders are sometimes referred to as the ___________.

At the Paris Peace Conference, President Wilson suggested a peace centered around his ______________. He also promoted the formation of the League of ____________, which was an international council aimed at maintaining world peace.