WorksheetsAP CSP Vocab
Total questions: 14
Worksheet time: 2hrs 20mins
a circuit with two inputs and one output defined such that its output is TRUE (or ON) only when both of its inputs are TRUE (or ON).
AND gate
an elementary building block of a digital circuit. Examples would be AND, OR, and NOT gates that perform basic digital operations.
logic gate
a circuit with one input and one output defined such that its output is TRUE (or ON) when its input is FALSE (or OFF) and vice versa.
NOT gate
a circuit with two inputs and one output defined such that its output is TRUE (or ON) when either or both of its inputs are TRUE (or ON).
OR gate
condition is a true/false condition. It is named after George Boole (1815-1864) an English mathematician.
boolean
any symbol that requires one byte of storage.
character
an informal way of describing an integrated circuit (IC) consisting of millions of tiny circuits.
chip
such as the numeral '5', is an abstraction that represents a single thing, e.g., the value 5.
constant
The process of translating the entire source code into a single binary file.
compilation
a machine that processes information under the control of a program.
computer
can run many different programs (e.g. a smartphone).
general purpose computer
has a fixed program (e.g. a simple calculator, a digital watch, a car's anti-lock braking system).
special purpose computer
An informal term for error in computer hardware or software -- the term was coined by Grace Hopper.
computer bug
consists of the programs that control the computer.
software
includes its electronic and mechanical components that carries out the instructions of a computer program.
hardware
houses the computer's main electronic components.
motherboard
stores the computer's programs and data temporarily while power is on.
RAM
the part of the computer's hardware that interprets and runs the computer program.
CPU
names a memory location to hold different values in your program.
variable
Variables that are declared and exist only inside a procedure or function (this is called their scope).
local variables
sets a variable to a value or a mathematical expression.
assignment
involves values, variables, and operators for example (a+b)/2
expression
input variables for a procedure.
parameters
Inserts x at end of the list
APPEND(list, x)
inserts an element into a list at the index given
INSERT(list, i, value)
removes the element in the given list at the given index
REMOVE(list, x)
data sent to a computer for processing by a program and can be tactile, audible, visual, or text
input
a block of programming statements that controls the flow or behavior of an algorithm.
control structure
Selection or conditional algorithm that allows a program to choose between different actions.
If/Else
occurs when the ending condition will never evaluate to true.
Infinite loop
Loops that have a predetermined beginning, end, and increment (step interval).
For loop
a programming construct used to repeat a set of commands (loop) as long as (while) a boolean condition is true
While loop
a statement that will evaluate to true or false and run code based on the answer
conditional statement
puts a list into alphabetic or numeric order.
sorting algorithm
a step-by-step procedures for solving a particular problem.
algorithm
a search algorithm that repeatedly divides a sorted list to narrow in on the searched-for item
binary search
specify the values of the parameters when a procedure is called.
arguments
an algorithm that checks ever element in a list from the start to the end of the list to find an item.
linear or sequential search
another term for 'repetition'
iteration
a programming language that is directly readable by the computer's CPU.
machine learning
data sent back from the program to the device and can be tactile, audible, visual, or text.
output
a sequence of instructions that controls the computer.
program
a notation for expressing algorithms, which is more precise that ordinary English but less formal than a programming language.
pseudocode
control structure uses a true or false condition to determine which of two parts of an algorithm is used.
selection
control structure that is the application of each step of an algorithm in the order in which the statements are given.
sequence
a non-executable block of text that can be added to a program to provide clarification and documentation of the code.
comment
Putting two strings together to make a new string.
concatenation
a system of rules that govern the behavior of some system.
protocol
A sequence of characters that can be stored in a variable or list.
string
Part of an existing string
substring
solve by trial and error; trying every possible option
brute force
how well an algorithm uses time and memory/space resources, CPU and RAM
efficiency
A procedure that computes and returns a value.
function
A value sent back by a function to the place in the code where the function was called form
return value
<, >, <=, >=, ==, != indicate a Boolean expression
comparison operators
users are asked to present several separate pieces of evidence involving knowledge (something they know like a password), possession (something they have like a texted code), and/or inherence (something they are like biometrics).
multi-factor authentication (MFA)
The process of removing errors from computer hardware or software.
debugging
a computational model in which operations are performed in order, one at a time on one processor or computer
sequential computing
the number or position of an element in the list.
index
In computer science, this stores multiple items under one variable name and uses an index to number and access them.
list
Symbols like +,-,*,/ used for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.
operator
in computer science is the practice of organizing and encapsulating algorithms in named procedures that can then be invoked by name. An example would be the 'sqrt(x)', square root of x, which encapsulates the algorithm for calculating the square root of x.
procedural abstraction
the lack of pattern or regularity. A random sequence of events has no order or pattern.
random
data means to transmit data from a computer to an online repository or service such as a bulletin board service, or drop box, or network.
upload
gives the remainder when one number is divided by another.
mod operator
an event that cannot be predicted with certainty. Examples would include flipping a fair coin, rolling a die, picking a card from a well shuffled deck.
random event
an algorithm that generates a sequence of numbers that seem to occur in random order.
random number generator
