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Topic 4 Review

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

1.2.1 What is the definition of atrophy?

a)

Reduction in size or wasting away of an organ or tissue

b)

The ability of a muscle to shorten forcibly when stimulated

c)

An increase in the size of a tissue or organ

d)

The ability to stretch a material beyond its resting length

2.

The centre of mass of a body is the point at which...

a)

the force of gravity acts with greatest magnitude

b)

the body is closest to the Earth surface

c)

it is balanced in all directions

d)

it is relaxed

3.

In uniform objects (symmetrical) the centre of mass is the geometric centre. However, in non-uniform shapes it can lie outside the actual body.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

4.

In the human form the centre of mass has no fixed point but is dependent on the....

a)

weight

b)

position

c)

body composition

d)

velocity

5.

Why is the Frosbury Flop so effective?

a)

it prevents back injuries

b)

the center of mass is often above the body

c)

the center of mass is often below the bar

d)

it is the way cooler than scissors

6.

A lever by itself is not effective. It must have something on which to pivot. This point is called:

a)

balance point

b)

falcon

c)

fulcrum

d)

balance arm

7.

The image shows:

a)

1st class lever

b)

2nd class lever

c)

3rd class lever

8.

Opening the door by a handle is an example of....

a)

1st class lever

b)

2nd class lever

c)

3rd class lever

9.

Biceps curl is an example of...

a)

1st class lever

b)

2nd class lever

c)

3rd class lever

10.

Functions of a lever include increasing the load (or force) and...

a)

increasing the acceleration with which an object will move

b)

increasing the velocity with which an object will move

c)

increasing the distance which an object will move

11.

Circumduction has the following movements except

a)

Abduction

b)

Flexion

c)

Extension

d)

Supination

e)

Adduction

12.
Region where a motor neuron comes in close contact with a muscle cell.
a)
neurotransmitter
b)
muscular dystrophy
c)
muscle tension
d)
neuromuscular junction
13.
The neurotransmitter stored in the axon terminal identified as #3
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Protein Channel
c)
Calcium Ion (Ca2+)
d)
Syanptic Cleft
14.

Contractile unit of a muscle which is also the functional unit of a muscle is ...

a)

sarcomere

b)

motor unit

c)

fascicle

d)

myofibril

15.
The organelle that contains actin and myosin.
a)
Tendon
b)
myofilament
c)
myofibril
d)
Fiber
16.
Thick filaments are in a myofibril are
a)
ATPase
b)
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
c)
Actin
d)
Myosin
17.
Thin filaments in a myofibril are
a)
Sarcomeres
b)
Sarcoplasm
c)
Actin
d)
Myosin
18.
What two chemicals are necessary for muscle contraction to occur?
a)
Niacin and Potassium
b)
Calcium and ATP
c)
Sodium and Potassium
d)
Ach and Potassium
19.
What is the structure that stores the Calcium in the muscle cell.  
a)
Sarcoplasm
b)
Sarcolemma
c)
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Myoglobin
20.
Skeletal Muscle contraction is initiated when the ________ sends a message to the muscle cell.  
a)
Muscle cell
b)
Neuron
c)
Gland
d)
None of the above
21.
The energy needed to perform a muscle contraction comes directly from
a)
ATP
b)
Oxygen
c)
Glucose
d)
Calcium
22.
What is a crossbridge?
a)
Where myosin binds to actin
b)
Where the calcium crosses into the cytoplasm
c)
Where calcium binds with troponin
d)
None of the answers are correct.
23.
___ and ___ are regulatory proteins bound to actin. 
a)
Troponin and tropomyosin
b)
Myosin and actin
c)
Calcium and Oxygen
d)
Glycogen and hemoglobin
24.
Calcium:
a)
causes ATP binding to actin
b)
increases the action potential along the sarcolemma
c)
binds to proteins on myosin
d)
triggers the binding of myosin to actin
25.
What state is the sarcomere in #1
a)
Relaxed
b)
Contracting
c)
Fully Contracted
d)
None of the above
26.
What state is the sarcomere in #2
a)
Relaxed
b)
Contracting
c)
Fully Contracted
d)
None of the above
27.
The image is an example of which class of lever?
a)
1st
b)
2nd
c)
3rd
28.
Mechanical advantage is when...
a)
the load is equal distance from the fulcrum and the effort
b)
the effort is closer to the load than the fulcrum
c)
the load is closer to the fulcrum than the effort
29.
Which of the following acts as a pivot or fulcrum in the body?
a)
Bones
b)
Muscles
c)
Joints
30.
Which class of lever is shown by the diagram?
a)
1st
b)
2nd
c)
3rd
31.

Which types of movement are permitted by the elbow joint?

a)

flexion and extension

b)

abduction and adduction

c)

rotation

d)

all the above

32.

Which types of movement are permitted by the hip joint?

a)

flexion and extension

b)

adduction and abduction

c)

rotation

d)

all the above

33.

Which number represents myosin filament?

a)

1

b)

5

c)

3

d)

4

34.

The length of a sarcomere is represented by

a)

1

b)

2

c)

5

d)

6

35.

When a muscle contracts

a)

both actin and myosin become shorter in length

b)

myosin heads pull the actin towards the M line

c)

actin heads pull myosin towards H line

d)

the sarcomere length increases

36.

What are the correct components of a neuron?

a)

Axon, cell body, gland, dendrites, synape

b)

Axon, cell body, dendrites, synape, nerve

c)

Axon, cell body, nucleus, dendrites, synape

d)

Axon, calcium, dendrites, synape, nerve

37.

Which is the correct sequence of neural impulse transmission to the muscle?

a)

cell body → dendrite → axon → motor end plate

b)

motor end plate → dendrite → axon → cell body

c)

dendrite → cell body → axon → motor end plate

d)

dendrite → axon → cell body → motor end plate

38.

What is the neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contraction?

a)

Serotonin

b)

Dopamine

c)

Acetylecholine

d)

Cholinesterase

39.

What describes the role of acetylcholine in skeletal muscle contraction?

a)

To open a motor-end plate channel

b)

To open an axon’s synaptic vesicle

c)

To close an axon’s synaptic vesicle

d)

To block a motor-end plate channel

40.

What essential mineral is essential in the action of muscle contraction?

a)

Potassium

b)

Sodium

c)

Iron

d)

Calcium

41.

What is cholinesterase?

a)

It's an enzyme

b)

It's a mineral

c)

It's a muscle type

d)

It's neurotransmitter

42.

When actin is pulled past the myosin filament the..

a)

Sarcomere shortens

b)

Muscle shortens

c)

Z line shortens

d)

All of the above

43.

What two protein molecules surround the actin filament?

a)

Sacroplasm and Retiuclum

b)

Mitochondria and Matrx

c)

Troponin and Tropomyosin

d)

Epimysium and Endomysium

44.

What structural component separates each sarcomere?

a)

The M line

b)

The Z line

c)

The H Zone

d)

The A Zone

45.

What is depolarization in muscle contraction?

a)

When the myosin head pulls on the actin

b)

When channels open in a nerve terminal

c)

When calcium binds to troponin causing tropomyosin to change it's shape

d)

When muscle cells become fatigued

46.

Movement of the arm/leg away from the midline

a)

adduction

b)

eversion

c)

inversion

d)

abduction

47.

Movement of the forearm/hand so the palm faces up

a)

pronation

b)

supination

c)

extension

d)

flexion

48.

Movement of hand/foot so that the thumb/big toe moves away from the midline

a)

inversion

b)

eversion

c)

adduction

d)

abduction

49.

Movement of arm/leg toward the midline

a)

flexion

b)

extension

c)

adduction

d)

abduction

50.

Movement of the hand/foot so that the thumb/big toe moves toward the midline

a)

inversion

b)

eversion

c)

adduction

d)

abduction

51.

Movement to bend a joint

a)

extension

b)

circumduction

c)

eversion

d)

flexion

52.

Body part movement in a circular or conical motion

a)

ovicular

b)

pronation

c)

rotation

d)

circumduction

53.

Movement to straighten a joint

a)

extension

b)

flexion

c)

dorsiflexion

d)

pronation

54.

Rotating toward the center of the body

a)

transverse rotation

b)

circumduction

c)

external rotation

d)

internal rotation

55.

Movement of the forearm/hand so palm faces downward or backwards

a)

supination

b)

pronation

c)

palmar

d)

flexion

56.

How many classes of levers are there?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

57.

What class lever occurs at the neck when nodding your head

a)

1st class

b)

2nd class

c)

3rd class

58.

How many classes of levers are there?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

59.

What information does a velocity give that a speed does not give?

a)

rate of change of distance

b)

direction

c)

units of measurement such as km/h or mi/h

d)

how fast something travels

60.

A object goes from point X to Y and then come back from Y to X. What is the displacement and average velocity?

a)

displacement is zero, Average velocity is also zero

b)

displacement is increase, Average velocity is also increase

c)

displacement is increase, Average velocity is also decrease

d)

displacement is increase, Average velocity is also zero

61.
What is the formula for force?
a)
F=M/A
b)
F=A/M
c)
F=M*A
d)
F=M*F
62.
What is Newton's First Law known as? The Law of
a)
Friction
b)
Mass
c)
Inertia
d)
Gravity
63.
Which type of force(s) will cause a change in an object's motion?
a)
gravity
b)
zero net force
c)
balanced forces
d)
unbalanced forces
64.
What is Newton's First Law
a)
F=ma
b)
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
c)
An object at rest stays at rest, an object in motion stays in motion. 
d)
Friction 
65.
Newton's third law states that any action will have a(n) _______ and ______ reaction
a)
Equal and similar
b)
Equal and opposite
c)
Equal and different
d)
Greater and opposite
66.
A person sits on a freely spinning lab stool that has no friction in its axle. When this person extends her arms,
a)
her moment of inertia increases and her angular speed decreases.
b)
her moment of inertia decreases and her angular speed increases.
c)
her moment of inertia increases and her angular speed increases.
d)
her moment of inertia increases and her angular speed remains the same.
67.

What does Rotational Inertia depend on?

a)

Mass

b)

Mass Distribution

c)

Both Mass and its Distribution

d)

Neither Mass nor its distribution

68.
According to Bernoulli's Principle, when the wind speed is high, wind pressure is ________
a)
high
b)
low
c)
not enough information
d)
None of the above
69.
According to Bernoulli's Principle, when the wind speed is low, wind pressure is ________
a)
high
b)
low
c)
not enough information
d)
None of the above
70.
To generate lift, a blade is angled so the _________ pressure air moves under the blade.
a)
high
b)
low
c)
not enough information
d)
None of the above
71.

Whose Principle is used to describe why flight is possible?

a)

Newton

b)

Wright Brothers

c)

Bernoulli

72.
Why is the top of an airplane wing curved?
a)
To create an area of low pressure above the wing
b)
To create an area of high pressure above the wing
c)
To create equal pressure above and below the wing
d)
To make the wing look really cool
73.
Bernoulli's principle creates ___ in airplanes
a)
Drag
b)
Lift
c)
Weight
d)
Friction
74.
If you blow air between these two balloons, the pressure between the balloons would_________.
a)
Increase
b)
Decrease
c)
Stay the same
75.

What is a fluid?

a)

a non-solid state of matter as a gas or a liquid.

b)

A solid state of matter as an object

c)

the pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere

76.

Where will be the centre of mass of a uniform rod lies ?

a)

At its end

b)

At its middle point

c)

At its centre of its cross sectional area

d)

Depends upon its material

77.
a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Node of Ranvier

78.
a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Node of Ranvier

79.
a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Node of Ranvier

80.
a)

Dendrites

b)

Axon Terminals

c)

Myelin Sheath

d)

Schwann Cells

81.
a)

Dendrites

b)

Axon Terminals

c)

Myelin Sheath

d)

Schwann Cells

82.

What do Axon Terminals do?

a)

Intakes information from other neurons

b)

Produces fatty tissue for the Myelin Sheath

c)

Sends information to the next cell

d)

Controls the speed of electrical signal through the axon

83.
The type of muscle contraction where the muscle tenses but does not shorten.  
a)
Isometric
b)
Isotonic
c)
Contraction
d)
relaxation
84.
When a muscle is under tension, it is not possible for it to be lengthening
a)
True
b)
False
85.
As this athlete jumps into the air, his quadriceps undergo-
a)
concentric contraction
b)
eccentric contraction
c)
isometric contraction

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