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WorksheetsAncient Rome
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 47mins
Based on the timeline, in which period was Roman civilization active?
Period I
Period II
Period III
Period IV
Who were Romulus and Remus?
opposing generals in a war
explorers on a famous river
the mythical founders of Rome
colonists from ancient Greece
Who first lived in the area that would become Rome?
Latins
Greeks
Etruscans
Macedonians
What landscape would an early visitor to Rome have seen?
a plain by the sea
a hill beside a river
a mountainous island
a lake surrounded by hills
What tourist sights in Rome show Etruscan influence?
buildings with arches
fields of bright flowers
large public courtyards
windmills to water crops
What was one reason why the Etruscans might build a cuniculus?
to entertain the people
to farm on steep hillsides
to carry water to their cities
to conquer neighboring tribes
Which dangerous sport did the Romans adapt from the Etruscans?
long jumping
chariot racing
pole throwing
bear wrestling
Slaves who became gladiators were required to fight to ______________.
train war horses.
protect the city.
establish colonies.
amuse an audience.
How did the Romans learn about Greek culture?
They moved to Greece.
They sold slaves to Greece.
Greek colonists had settled nearby.
Greek leaders met with Roman leaders.
What does this building in Rome show about Roman architecture?
It was influenced by the Greeks.
Persian styles influenced it.
It used keystones for support.
Slaves worked to construct it.
How did the Romans get their alphabet?
Directly from the Greeks, who invented it.
Directly from the Etruscans, who invented it.
From the Etruscans, who got it from the Greeks.
From the Greeks, who got it from the Etruscans.
Unlike our writing today, both Greek and Roman writing __________________.
served to record laws.
used only capital letters.
was rarely seen in public.
represented words with pictures.
Why do historians use the term "Greco-Roman art"?
Roman art shows a strong influence from Greece.
The same artists worked in both Greece and Rome.
Greeks admired Roman styles and tried to imitate them.
Scholars cannot tell whether a work is Greek or Roman.
Regarding the gods, the Romans cared more than the Greeks about __________________.
telling their stories.
Seeing plays about them.
Honoring them with sports.
Performing the correct rituals.
What was a major difference between Greek and Roman art?
Greek art showed leaders. Roman art showed gods.
Greek art showed events. Roman art showed landscapes.
Greek art showed daily life. Roman art showed celebrations.
Greek art showed ideal people. Roman art showed realistic people.
Who first ruled early Rome?
A. Etruscan kings
B. military consuls
C. Roman senators
D. plebeian assemblies
According to legend, events on a visit to the oracle at Delphi determined
A. where Rome should be built.
B. who would govern Rome next.
C. how Rome could start colonies.
D. when Rome would write its laws.
In the Roman Republic, patricians referred to ______________.
A. every adult male citizen.
B. everyone except slaves.
C. wealthy landowning families.
D. people with Greek ancestors.
Why were plebeians unhappy when the Roman Republic was first set up?
A. They had lost the right to vote.
B. They preferred living in an empire.
C. They had no say in making the laws.
D. They preferred being ruled by a king
Who set up the Roman Republic?
A. plebeians
B. patricians
C. Greek settlers
D. Etruscan princes
How did plebeians serve the republic during its early years?
A. as priests
B. as soldiers
C. as foreign advisers
D. as government officials
In the Roman Republic, who might have spoken these words? "I was elected to the group that holds most of the power. I will keep this office all my life. I help make laws and serve as a judge."
A. a scribe
B. a consul
C. a tribune
D. a senator
What was one major job of the consuls?
A. to command the army
B. to choose the lawmakers
C. to perform religious rituals
D. to construct public buildings
What event belongs in the blank space on the timeline?
A. Roman Empire falls
B. Plebeians elect a leader
C. Plebeians refuse to fight
D. Etruscans return to power
What was a result of the Conflict of the Orders?
A. Plebeians lost the right to vote.
B. Patricians gave up some power.
C. Romans defeated the Greek navy.
D. Etruscans won control over Rome
How could a Roman become a tribune?
A. have a consul appoint him
B. win the favor of the senators
C. inherit the job from his father
D. get the plebeians to elect him
The power of the tribunes increased when they gained the right to __________________.
A. make laws for the plebeians.
B. appoint a special dictator.
C. lead the army in wartime.
D. veto actions by the Senate.
Why did the plebeians want laws to be written?
A. so the patricians could not change laws whenever they wished
B. so their land would be protected by the government
C. so the government could not pass new laws too quickly
D. so their children could learn to read in Roman schools
What changed as a result of the action in the image below?
A. Patricians had less power than before.
B. Plebeians followed more laws than before.
C. Priests became the wealthiest people in Rome.
D. Scribes became the most powerful people in Rome
Plebeians became nearly equal to patricians when they won the right to _______________.
A. put laws in writing.
B. choose their own king.
C. pass laws for all Romans.
D. serve as priests and soldiers.
Why are both the Roman Republic and the United States today considered republics?
A. All the citizens vote directly on all the laws.
B. Any citizen can voice an opinion about the laws.
C. The people give a leader the right to veto some laws.
D. The people elect representatives to make laws for them.
Which of the following did NOT create unrest among the people after the war with Hannibal?
Much of the farmland had been destroyed by Hannibal's troops
Soldier-farmers became unemployed and poor and moved to the big cities.
The state bought up the small farms and leased them to the wealthy upper class.
They were still being attacked by Carthage
Who was Spartacus?
A former gladiator who led a slave revolt against Rome's leaders.
A Roman general whose soldiers were loyal to because he paid them.
A Roman politician who took over the government and made himself dictator.
A Greek general who successfully invaded Rome.
Which of the following was NOT an effect of Marius & Sulla allowing poor Romans to join the army?
The soldiers became more loyal to the generals than Rome
The generals used their military support to gain political power
The generals fought for control of Rome, leading to a civil war
The rich soldiers revolted against the change, leading to a civil war
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were both killed because they
tried to help the poor citizens of Rome.
encouraged poor Romans to join the army.
led an uprising of slaves in Rome.
caused a civil war in Rome.
What happened on the "Ides of March?"
Roman Senators stabbed Julius Caesar to death on the floor of the Senate
The Roman military was defeated by the Gauls, ending the Roman Republic
Christianity begins in Rome with the birth of Jesus Christ
Pompey defeated Julius Caesar's troops and Caesar was executed by Pompey
Which of the following best describes how Julius Caesar responded to the Senate and Pompey after his conquest of Gaul?
He defied them and led his army into Italy.
He obeyed them and kept his army in Gaul.
He obeyed them and led his army into Italy.
He defied them and kept his army in Gaul.
Julius Caesar was a hero to the Roman people because he finally conquered _.
Gaul
Carthage
Greece
Spartacus
Pompey, Julius Caesar, and _ joined forces to form a coalition, called the First Triumvirate, to rule Rome.
Crassus
Spartacus
Gracchus
Lepidus
The conflict between generals _ and Lucius Cornelius Sulla caused a civil war in Rome.
Gaius Marius
Gaius Gracchus
Gaius Julius Caesar
Spartacus
What happened to the thousands of slaves who were captured by Crassus following the slave rebellion?
They were crucified to set an example to others
They were released as a goodwill gesture to the people
They were sold to other countries as slaves
They were returned to their owners as slaves
Which of the following were NOT social reforms proposed by the Gracchus brothers to help the poor in Rome?
Set a maximum amount of property each individual could hold
Allow for the redistribution of land to the poor citizens of Rome
Exile the rich landowners from Rome
They wanted to take care of poverty in the cities
Why was Julius Caesar killed?
He angered the wealthy Senators who feared his growing power
He angered the Roman people by taking away many of their rights
He was arrested and executed for defying the Roman Senate
He was killed in battle fighting against Pompey
Who did not want their land taken away and redistributed to small landowners?
soldier-farmers
the plebeians
the Gracchi brothers
the Senate
Whose military reforms were instrumental in the rise of powerful generals?
Cornelius Sulla
Gaius Marius
Julius Caesar
Crassus
What did the poor citizens of Rome receive in return for their 16 years of service in the army?
Land
Money
Their freedom
Nothing
What could a foreign visitor to ancient Rome expect to see in the Forum?
a track for chariot races
B. a central gathering place
C. a wealthy country house
D. a site of fights with lions
What was a common way to become a Roman slave?
A. having skill at a craft
B. doing poorly in school
C. being captured in a war
D. losing a political election
Why did the Roman emperors give the poor “bread and circuses”?
A. so the poor would not rebel
B. so the poor could learn to read
C. so the poor would not eat meat
D. so the poor could make more money
What is one example of the rule of law in the Roman Empire?
A. The emperor had to obey the Senate.
B. Senators carried an ax to protect themselves.
C. The punishments were the same for rich and poor.
D. Any Roman could accuse someone of a crime.
Who made the decisions at Roman trials?
A. a jury
B. a senator
C. the victim
D. the emperor
Why would a Roman family throw a small cake into the fire?
A. They considered burned cakes a treat.
B. They did not have enough wood to use as fuel.
C. They thought only large cakes were worth eating.
D. They were making an offering to the goddess of the hearth.
Why did Rome have many different forms of worship?
A. There was an altar in each home.
B. The emperors claimed to be gods.
C. Foreigners brought their religions.
D. Festivals were popular with the poor.
When did a man become a paterfamilias?
A. when he got married
B. when his own father died
C. when he became a grandfather
D. when he gave his toys to the gods
The poor often ate food that was ...
A. bought at "fast-food" shops.
B. prepared for them by slaves.
C. cooked in their kitchen at home.
D. from a fancy, expensive market.
Where would one most likely see the foods listed below?
A. in a major offering to the gods
B. at a poor Roman's breakfast
C. at a wealthy Roman's dinner
D. in the stands at a chariot race
Why was the home of a wealthy Roman unlikely to burn down?
A. It had a chimney.
B. It did not have kitchen.
C. It had small rooms.
D. It was built of stone.
What was a typical home for a poor Roman city-dweller?
A. a villa outside the city walls
B. a house made of mud bricks
C. a large room with thick walls
D. an apartment in a tall building
Which of the following might have been a student in ancient Rome?
A. a slave girl training to be a midwife
B. a rich boy studying leatherworking
C. a 16-year-old girl going to school
D. a poor boy studying science
Why was fighting a regular event in the Colosseum?
A. to protect the city from raids
B. to entertain the audience
C. to express the anger of the poor
D. to decide who should be emperor
. Why did thousands of Romans go to the Circus Maximus?
A. to eat a free meal
B. to watch chariot races
C. to enjoy the dancing bears
D. to shop for everyday clothing
What did many wealthy Romans do when the city got hot in the summer?
A. covered their skin with fresh mud
B. slept in rooms below ground level
C. moved to their estates in the country
D. limited their diet to bread and milk
Why did the Jews distrust King Herod?
A. He believed in many gods.
B. He persecuted their followers.
C. He was controlled by the Romans.
D. He rebuilt the Temple of Jerusalem.
What did many Jews hope that a Messiah would do?
A. free them from a foreign power
B. attract other people to their faith
C. teach people how to live in peace
D. warn them of the end of the world
What is the main source of early information about the life of Jesus?
A. the Latin writings of Roman historians
B. Egyptian scrolls found near the Dead Sea
C. Gospels written in Greek by his followers
D. scribes who recorded his deeds in Hebrew
Jesus probably grew up in the family of ...
A. a carpenter in Nazareth.
B. a shoemaker in Jerusalem.
C. an innkeeper in Bethlehem.
D. a fisherman by the Sea of Galilee
According to the New Testament, which event introduced Jesus’ years of public preaching?
A. One of the disciples asked him a question.
B. John the Baptist identified him as the Messiah.
C. The rabbis in Jerusalem asked him to teach them.
D. King Herod passed a harsh law that made him angry.
Why did Jesus preach mostly outdoors?
A. He taught his followers to respect nature.
B. His disciples were too shabby to go inside.
C. The Romans would not let him preach indoors.
D. The crowds were too big to fit in the buildings.
According to the earliest written accounts, what did Jesus emphasize in his teachings?
love
justice
revenge
obedience
According to Jesus, what would the kingdom of God be like?
A. The Roman Empire would end.
B. A new emperor would be crowned.
C. People would destroy the old temples.
D. People would live according to God's will.
One example of a parable is a story about ...
A. Jesus rising from the dead.
B. the birth of a baby in a stable.
C. Paul telling others about Jesus.
D. a traveler helping an injured man.
According to the New Testament, why did Jesus go to Jerusalem a few days before his execution?
A. to pray in a beautiful garden
B. to give out food to his followers
C. to celebrate the festival of Passover
D. to drive the Romans from the city
The New Testament tells that the rulers of Jerusalem had Jesus arrested because they ...
A. wanted to conquer the Jews.
B. feared he might lead a revolt.
C. had told him to stay in Galilee.
D. said he should worship the emperor.
How was Paul important to the early development of Christianity?
A. He asked converts to come and visit him.
B. He spread Christianity to people who were not Jews.
C. He preached Christianity in the Temple in Jerusalem.
D. He led the disciples who traveled with Jesus.
How did Paul continue to have influence while in jail?
A. by writing letters
B. by persecuting Christians
C. by converting fellow prisoners
D. by preaching through the window
What was one result of the actions listed below?
A. Jesus was crucified.
B. Paul became a Christian.
C. Christians were persecuted.
D. Constantine freed Roman slaves
Which teaching helped to spread Christianity in the Roman Empire?
A. Believers would not feel pain or hunger.
B. Citizens had the right to overthrow evil rulers.
C. People could sacrifice to any gods they wanted.
D. Slaves and the poor could hope for a better life after death.
How did Emperor Constantine affect the spread of Christianity?
A. He banned Christianity from Judea.
B. He freed Christians to worship openly.
C. He ordered Christians to be killed by wild animals.
D. He made Christianity the official religion of Rome.
Ancient Romans painted murals on walls. We still see these today, especially in restaurants. What are these murals called?
statues
cameos
frescoes
TikToks
Where do you see the influences of ancient Roman art today?
Realistic, lifelike statues
Gem cutting
Decorative blown glass
Murals painted on walls
What type of roof does the ancient Roman Pantheon have?
Mosaic
Stadium
Dome
Minecraft roof
The ancient Roman Colosseum is an example of a large open-air structure called a ______________.
stadium
arch
vault
school
What was the purpose of an AQUEDUCT in ancient Rome?
Road for cars
Bridge for people
Carry water
Chariot racing
What language was used in ancient Rome?
Gibberish
Latin
English
Spanish
What number system did ancient Romans use that we still see sometimes today?
Latin prefixes
Julian calendar
Latin alphabet
Roman numerals
Someone who is STOIC is...
loud and annoying
a great violin player
nervous and scared
brave and quiet
What does the MODERN US law system have in common with the ANCIENT ROMAN law system?
Laws are written down
There are laws about marriage
Judges and courts make decisions
There are no laws at all
What is a gem carved to show a portrait of a person's head or a scene?
Fresco
Mosaic
Cameo
Blown glass
The Romans did not invent _____________, but they used it to build huge structures. It is a mixture of broken stone, sand, cement, and water. We still use it today.
bricks
concrete
plastic
marble
There were almost 53,000 miles of ____________ that connected ancient Rome with its empire. Some of them still stand today!
bridges
arches
numerals
roads
Which concept used in ancient Rome is used today in the naming the titles of Super Bowls?
Aqueducts
Roman numerals
Gem cutting
Latin prefixes
In ancient Rome, the idea of JUSTICE included the idea that every person had ______________.
lots of money
Ms. Porter's homemade brownies
togas
rights
The domed roof and columns of the US Capitol Building shows ancient Rome's influence on modern _______________.
architecture
philosophy
language
art
