WorksheetsGenetics.BIO305.BSPsyc.09Mar
Total questions: 22
Worksheet time: 25mins
During mitosis and meiosis, DNA is compacted into ____________.
nucleosomes
histonesc
chromosomes
scaffold proteins
What are the two major types of chromatin?
euchromatin and satellite DNA
heterochromatin and satellite DNA
euchromatin and heterochromatin
satellite DNA and scaffold proteins
What are centromeres and telomeres?
two types of histones
regions of heterochromatin
types of satellite DNA
distinctive features of chromosomes
What is the function of telomerase?
to compact DNA into chromosomes
to initiate DNA replication
to synthesize unreplicated DNA at the ends of linear chromosomes
to transport chromosomes during cell division
Why do eukaryotes need multiple origins of replication?
to compact DNA into chromosomes
to initiate DNA replication
to maintain the length of chromosomes during replication
to duplicate each chromosome within the observed time of S-phase
Which of the following is NOT a level of structural organization in eukaryotic chromosomes?
Nucleosomes
Histone H1
Histone H1
Centromeres
What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and non-homologous chromosomes?
Homologous chromosomes are identical, while non-homologous chromosomes are different.
Homologous chromosomes contain the same gene loci, while non-homologous chromosomes contain different gene loci.
Homologous chromosomes are only found in prokaryotes, while non-homologous chromosomes are only found in eukaryotes.
Homologous chromosomes are involved in mitosis, while non-homologous chromosomes are involved in meiosis.
What is endoreduplication?
A process where the entire chromosome acts as the centromere
A process where chromosomes are compacted into nucleosomes
A process where the chromosome number is reduced by half
A process where DNA replication occurs without subsequent cell division
What is polyploidy?
A process where chromosomes are compacted into nucleosomes
A process where the chromosome number is reduced by half
A process where the entire chromosome acts as the centromere
A process where an organism has multiple sets of chromosomes
Which of the following types of chromatin is more loosely packed and contains genes that are being actively transcribed?
Heterochromatin
Satellite DNA
Euchromatin
Telomeres
Which protein acts as a spool around which DNA is coiled twice to form a structure called the nucleosome?
Core histones
Histone H1
Scaffold proteins
Centromeric proteins
Which type of chromosomal mutation arises from changes in whole sets of chromosomes?
Deletion
Duplication
Inversionc
Polyploidy
What is the primary function of telomeres?
To compact DNA during mitosis and meiosis
To protect the ends of linear chromosomes from alterations
To maintain the length of chromosomes during replication
To contain repetitive sequences called satellite DNA
What is the purpose of multiple origins of replication in eukaryotic chromosomes?
To prevent mutations during DNA replication
To ensure that all genes are replicated at the same time
To allow for faster DNA replication
To enable the duplication of each chromosome within the observed time of S-phase
What is the term for pairs of similar, but non-identical, chromosomes in which one member of the pair comes from the male parent, and the other comes from the female parent?
Homologous chromosomes
Non-homologous chromosomes
Sister chromatids
Centromeres
What is the name for a region of a chromosome where centromeric proteins link the centromere to microtubules that transport chromosomes during cell division?
Telomerec
Heterochromatin
Euchromatin
Primary constriction
Which protein helps to compact the DNA strand and its nucleosomes into a 30nm fibre?
Core histones
Histone H1
Scaffold proteins
Centromeric proteins
Which enzyme is responsible for replicating chromosomal DNA during the S-phase of the cell cycle?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Telomerase
Primase
What is the term for a specialized DNA polymerase that works together with telomerase to synthesize the unreplicated DNA at the ends of linear chromosomes?
Primase
Primase
DNA helicase
Telomerase
Which type of chromatin is more densely compacted and tends to contain repetitive sequences and genes that are not being transcribed?
Heterochromatin
Euchromatin
Satellite DNA
Telomeres
What is the term used to describe the swapping of genes between chromosomes during crossing over?
Independent assortment
Chromosomal aberration
Genetic recombination
Mutation
What is the significance of the frequency of recombination in gene mapping?
It determines the size of the chromosome
It determines the location of the genes on the chromosome
It determines the number of chromosomes
It determines the inheritance pattern
