WorksheetsStructural Forces and Tall Buildings
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 3600secs
The structural force that puts one side of a structure under compression and the opposite side under tension is called ___________.
Torsion
Shear
Bending
Tension
A weight or source of pressure on a structure or object is called a __________.
tension
torque
presence
load
External and internal forces that stress a structure are called _________.
dynamic loads
static loads
structural forces
compressions
The difference between a static load and a dynamic load is that ______.
static loads change frequently and dynamic loads do not.
dynamic loads are fixed and static loads vary.
dynamic loads change frequently and static loads do not.
there really is not any difference between them.
Squeezing a ball or stacking bricks on top of one another are examples of ____________.
tension
compression
torsion
shear
What type of structural force causes a structure to be twisted?
tension
bending
torsion
compression
Structural forces being applied in opposite directions like a pair of scissors cutting through paper is called __________.
compression
bending
shear
torsion
What makes triangles a strong shape?
Two sides are in compression against one side in tension.
Two sides are in tension against one side in compression.
The force is evenly distributed around the perimeter.
Buttresses at each end hold it stable.
What joins the top cord to the bottom cord of a truss?
cables
arches
webs
beams
What is the advantage that arches have over triangles?
They support loads at the corners.
They support loads at the ends.
They support loads at any point along their curves.
They do not require abutments.
Towers are always under compression.
True
False
What is the most important factor in the design of tall structures?
Materials
Site planning
Maintenance
The Thrust Line
What type of walls are wider at the bottom than at the top giving them more stability?
Buttressed
Battered
Curtain
Load-bearing
What structure is considered to be the first "modern" structure?
The Great Pyramid of Giza
The Washington Monument
The Empire State Building
The Eiffel Tower
What advantage does steel have over masonry materials?
It is cheaper to make.
It is easier to make.
It has a reliable tension strength and higher compression strength.
It can be mined or quarried.
When was reinforced concrete patented?
1891
1776
1867
1870
The part of the building that is above the ground is called the ___________.
Substructure
Foundation
Curtain Wall
Superstructure
The part of the building that is below the ground is called the ___________.
Substructure
Framing
Curtain Wall
Superstructure
What are the three major foundation styles used for tall buildings?
Footing. basement, and column
Raft, basement, and piling
Raft, box, and pile
Slab, grade, and post
A building 1,500 feet tall must withstand ________ times more load from wind than a building 200 feet high.
5
20
50
60
What is the primary function of the exterior wall in curtain wall construction?
To control light penetration and heat
To hold up the top of the building.
To bear the weight of the individual floors of the building.
To lessen the load of the superstructure.
What type of construction systems predominate the design of modern skyscrapers?
Curtain Wall
Exoskeleton
Rigid Tube
Post and Beam
Post and beam construction is cheaper than most other types of construction because the size of the posts get smaller as more floors are added.
True
False
When skeleton steel framing became popular in the late 1800's and early 1900's, what advantage did the walls being made of stone or brick give the building?
Brick and stone are better at handling bending than other materials.
Brick and stone are better at handling torsion than other materials.
Brick and stone are better at handling twisting than other materials.
The mass of the masonry structure helped brace it against the wind.
Reinforcing concrete with steel makes the concrete resistant to both compression and tension.
True
False
The cost of building forms and the equipment required to pour concrete in tall structures is very low.
True
False
One big advantage of rigid tube construction is __________.
it requires a curtain wall
it provides more interior space
the rigid tubes are hidden from view
no diagonal structural members are necessary
What is the tallest five-sided building in the world?
The Burj Khalifa, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
The Hong Kong Bank Building, Central, Hong Kong
J.P. Morgan Chase Tower, Houston, TX
The Empire State Building, New York, New York
How did using concrete floors in buildings change the structure of high-rise buildings in the 1920s?
Made buildings lighter by eliminating the need for steel beams.
Made buildings heavier to resist the wind better.
Used sustainable wood framing throughout the building.
Increased the amount of steel used improving the economy.
What is the CN Tower in Toronto, Canada constructed from?
Dimensional lumber coated in concrete.
Steel framing with a curtain wall of concrete
Pre-stressed concrete
Rigid tubes filled with concrete.
