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CA6 Review

Total questions: 116

Worksheet time: 2hrs 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which freedom grants you the right to worship as you see fit?
a)
Freedom of religion
b)
Freedom of speech
c)
Freedom of assembly
d)
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures
2.
What are property and sales taxes used for in Texas
a)
Fund state and local governments
b)
for business to profit from
c)
to fund the gasoline industry
d)
to pay teachers
3.
How are the governments of TX and the U.S. similar
a)
they are divided into 3 branches
b)
they are divided by counties
c)
they are divided by federal districts
d)
they are divided by states
4.
June 19, 1865 celebrates what TX holiday?
a)
Juneteenth
b)
Veteran's Day
c)
Thanksgiving Day
d)
Texas Independence Day
5.
How did most former enslaved African Americans make a living in TX after the Civil War?
a)
sharecroppers
b)
ranchers
c)
cowboys
d)
railroad porters
6.
How did communication systems during the Civil War influence Texas?
a)
Slow communications allowed for continued fighting and delayed the emancipation of enslaved people for weeks after the end of the war.
b)
Telephones allowed soldiers in the field to communicate with family members back home.
c)
New telegraph connections helped Confederate forces in Texas anticipate Union movements.
d)
Photographs of battle scenes published in newspapers led many in Texas to desire an end to the war.
7.
What was the result of Sam Houston refusing to take the Confederate Oath?
a)
Sam Houston was removed as governor.
b)
Texas did not secede from the Union.
c)
Sam Houston was made a general in the Union army.
d)
Texas amended the state constitution to eliminate the oath.
8.
How do the U.S. and TX Constitutions protect individual rights?
a)
listing specific rights in amendments
b)
limiting the power of the executive branch
c)
allowing for the election of representatives
d)
giving Congress the power to pass legislation
9.
All political power is inherent in the people is what?
a)
Popular sovereignty
b)
Federalism
c)
Checks and balances
d)
Separation of powers
10.
How does the TX Constitution provide popular sovereignty?
a)
providing for the election of government officials
b)
guaranteeing the individual rights of citizens
c)
describing the powers of the state agencies
d)
establishing three branches of government
11.
Why did TX want to seceed from the Union?
a)
They considered slavery vital to the economy.
b)
They wanted Abraham Lincoln as president
c)
They disagreed with paying high federal taxes.
d)
They thought the national government was influenced by Britain.
12.
True or False: TX can make its own laws in accordance with the U.S. Constitution
a)
True
b)
False
c)
MAYBE
d)
N/A
13.
The Constitution of 1876 expanded voting rights in Texas for who?
a)
All men, regardless of race, were allowed to vote.
b)
Women were allowed to vote.
c)
All people were allowed to vote at the age of 21.
d)
New citizens to the state could now vote sooner.
14.
What was a consequence of barbed wire
a)
the end of the cattle drives
b)
the introduction of rodeos
c)
a decline in the number of cattle ranches
d)
an increase in conflicts with American Indian tribes
15.
How was cotton production in Texas affected by the Civil War?
a)
Production declined during the war, but increased sharply in the decades that followed the war.
b)
Production was unaffected by the war.
c)
Production steadily increased each decade in the late 1800s
d)
Production increased before the war, but fell sharply in the decades that followed the war
16.
How did the use of windmills help INCREASE West Texas settlement?
a)
Thanks to windmills, pioneers did not have to depend on sources of surface water
b)
Windmills made oil drilling easier
c)
Pioneers used windmills to predict destructive weather.
d)
Windmills generated electricity for early communities.
17.
What was the result of Comanche leader Quanah Parker's decision to surrender and assimilate with European culture?
a)
Other Native Americans chose to assimilate.
b)
Comanches kidnapped him.
c)
A lasting peace between Texans and native tribes began.
d)
The Cherokee kidnapped and raised his children.
18.
What happened to population numbers post Civil War?
a)
The numbers of Texans began a trend of increasing.
b)
Texans migrated from rural towns to urban areas.
c)
West Texas became more populated than East Texas.
d)
Immigrants to Texas outnumbered native born Texans.
19.
The cattle industry grew throughout the nineteenth century as a result of
a)
an increasing demand for beef
b)
restless farmers.
c)
the Indian Wars.
d)
the decline of the bison.
20.
How did cattle trails affect Texas railroads?
a)
They led to the development of particular railroad lines.
b)
They got in the way of railroad development
c)
They made cow towns into unpopular areas where no one would settle.
d)
They prevented the growth of agriculture.
21.
How did New Deal programs change the lives of Texans during the Great Depression?
a)
Thousands found employment building roads and bridges.
b)
Gas rationing helped to reduce traffic in busy cities.
c)
Cotton prices were fixed to keep farmer on the land.
d)
Additional government funding was provided to oil companies.
22.
How was the Great Depression in TX damaging to the agricultural sector?
a)
severe drought
b)
the New Deal programs
c)
introduction of rationing
d)
a bust in the cotton industry
23.
How did TX benefit from US getting into WW2?
a)
Natural resources in Texas were needed to supply the war effort.
b)
internment camps were located at our airforce bases
c)
consumer rationing of goods increased business
d)
Texas received money for every solider who joined the army
24.
WW2 in TX brought about the need for what industries?
a)
All of the Above
b)
Military facilities
c)
naval/aircraft production
d)
ammunition and petroleum plants
25.
What economic affect did the Dust Bowl have on TX?
a)
farms were lost to the banks
b)
The demand for Texas crops declined.
c)
Employment in major cities increased.
d)
Oil production declined in West Texas.
26.
Why were military bases built in TX?
a)
we have a moderate climate and large expanses of land
b)
Texas military bases could contribute to the protection of the Panama Canal.
c)
Construction of the bases was cheaper in Texas.
d)
Several military generals were from Texas.
27.
What happened to cotton production in TX during the 1930s-1940s?
a)
Fewer acres were planted for cotton.
b)
Cotton farms moved closer to cities.
c)
Farmers increased prices for cotton.
d)
Cotton production per acre increased.
28.
What was the "boom and bust" cylce?
a)
period of great profits followed by a downward trend in an industry
b)
period of poor profits followed by a large growth in an industry
c)
period of high unemployment followed by a growth period
d)
period of growth leading to higher employment
29.
What year did Spindletop take place?
a)
1901
b)
1900
c)
1905
d)
1907
30.
Served in the Texas House of Representatives ; Served as the Speaker of the House for the U.S. House of Representatives; Served as vice-president during Franklin Roosevelt's first two terms Who Am I?
a)
John Nance Garner
b)
Lyndon B. Johnson
c)
Dwight D. Eisenhower
d)
Sam Rayburn
31.
Where would the name Camp Bowie derive from?
a)
It is named after an old Indian fort from the frontier days
b)
It is named after a former military post set up during the First World War.
c)
It is named after a famous hero of the Alamo.
d)
It is named after the first oil well to become a gusher in Texas
32.
What impact did supply and demand have on the TX economy in the 1930s?
a)
Underproduction led to price increases
b)
Overproduction led to price decreases.
c)
Increased demand for products led to a loss of jobs
d)
Supply of products decreased, causing higher prices.
33.
What was one thing that the populist movement addressed in TX?
a)
extend voting rights to women
b)
protect agricultural workers
c)
regulate factories
d)
control oil prices
34.
True/False: Technolgy did not help expand the oil industry in TX
a)
True
b)
False
35.
What did many women do during WW1?
a)
served in the combat infantry units
b)
entered the workforce
c)
gained equal pay as the men
d)
flew fighter jets in WW1
36.
Which Texan was elected governor with the support of groups like the Texas Farmers Union, Farmers' Alliance, and the Grange?
a)
Jay McCallum
b)
James Hogg
c)
Dan Moody
d)
Howard Hughes, Sr.
37.
What did the railroad system help spark the growth of?
a)
mass transit systems in Texas cities
b)
urban centers like Dallas and Houston
c)
the number of female railroad conductors
d)
coal mining in Texas to supply the railroads
38.
How did the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 alter the economic development of Texas?
a)
The devastation caused a decade-long recession.
b)
Oil production never recovered to pre-hurricane levels.
c)
Major industries in Galveston moved inland to Houston.
d)
Cotton growers were forced out of Texas to find new distributors.
39.
Where can we find oil in Texas?
a)
Most oil and natural gas fields are just off the coast.
b)
in most of the geographic regions of the state
c)
Most oil and natural gas comes from deposits near the coast.
d)
West Texas is the primary area of oil and natural gas production.
40.
What is the purpose of the sea wall in Galveston?
a)
To connect the island with the mainland
b)
To protect from flooding by hurricanes
c)
To provide new recreational facilities
d)
To create a cheaper supply of power
41.
Name a characteristic of Texas during the Age of Oil
a)
decline of jobs
b)
growth of urban areas
c)
growth of cattle drives
d)
decline of industrialization
42.
When was Spindletop discovered?
a)
1900
b)
1901
c)
1920
d)
2020
43.
How was the agricultural industry affected by the invention of railcars and early forms of automobiles?
a)
Farming became a slow process because of the bulky machine so less was produced and prices decreased.
b)
Crops were produced in greater amounts eventually supplying more than was demanded causing a drop in prices.
c)
Farmers went into debt to buy this type of equipment and had to raise agricultural prices to pay the debt.
d)
Many farmers who could not afford new equipment went out of business causing an increase in prices.
44.
What was the "boom and bust" cycle?
a)
A period of poor profits followed by a large growth in an industry
b)
A period of great profits followed by a downward trend in an industry
c)
A period of high unemployment followed by a growth period
d)
A period of growth leading to higher employment
45.
How did supply and demand affect the economy of Texas during the 1930s?
a)
Underproduction led to price increases.
b)
Overproduction led to price decreases.
c)
Increased demand for products led to a loss of jobs.
d)
Supply of products decreased, causing higher prices.
46.
What did the populist movement do?
a)
control oil pricing
b)
protect agricultureal workers
c)
regulate factories
d)
extend voting rights to women
47.
The Texas Equal Sufferage Association wanted to do what?
a)
reform the poor conditions in Texas prisons
b)
ratify the 19th Amendment to the US Constitution
c)
outlaw the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages
d)
protect the voting rights that had been granted to African Americans
48.
Who helped support groups like the TX Farmer's Union, Farmer's Alliance, and the Grange?
a)
Jay McCallum
b)
James Hogg
c)
Dan Moody
d)
Howard Hughes Sr.
49.
What did women in TX do during WWI
a)
fought for equal pay
b)
entered the workforce
c)
served in the army
d)
went to achieve higher educations at universities
50.
The road Camp Bowie in Ft. Worth was derived from what?
a)
It is named after an old Indian fort from the frontier days.
b)
a military post in WWI
c)
It is named after a famous hero of the Alamo.
d)
It is named after the first oil well to become a gusher in Texas.
51.
What was one thing the city of Galveston did after the Galveston Hurricane of 1900?
a)
connected the island to the mainland
b)
buitl a sea wall to protect the city
c)
provided new recreational facilities
d)
created a cheaper power supply
52.
What effect did the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 have on economic development of TX?
a)
The devastation caused a decade-long recession.
b)
Major industries in Galveston moved inland to Houston.
c)
Oil production never recovered to pre-hurricane levels.
d)
Cotton growers were forced out of Texas to find new distributors.
53.
What did the railroad system help produce?
a)
the number of female railroad conductors
b)
urban centers such as Dallas and Houston
c)
mass transit systems in Texas cities
d)
coal mining in Texas to supply the railroads
54.
Which industry saw an increase in jobs in TX due to urbanization?
a)
oil fields
b)
service-related fields
c)
cattle ranching
d)
agriculture sector
55.
Which industry was most affected by the contributions of Howard Hughes, Sr.?
a)
Agriculture
b)
Petroleum
c)
Communication
d)
Transportation
56.
What was a major issue as to why the Civil War took place?
a)
Union needs to be preserved
b)
Slavery
c)
Legalizing the Indians
d)
Freedom for Mexico
57.
When did Texas join the Confederacy
a)
1859
b)
1861
c)
1865
d)
1845
58.
Why were the delegates at the Secession Convention in favor of Texas leaving the Union?
a)
Lincoln was elected president
b)
they wanted to preserve slavery
c)
did not want to pay higher federal taxes
d)
the national government was influenced by Britain
59.
What battle was considered the FINAL battle of the Civil War?
a)
Battle of Sabine Pass
b)
Battle of Palmito Ranch
c)
Battle of Galveston
d)
Battle of Monett's Ferry
60.
Name the Texas holiday that is on June 19, 1865
a)
Vertan's Day
b)
Thanksgiving Day
c)
Juneteenth
d)
Texas Independance Day
61.
Following the American Civil War most former enslaved African Americans in Texas began making a living as
a)
ranchers
b)
cowboys
c)
sharecroppers
d)
railroad workers
62.
Why did wheat and corn production increase in TX during the Civil War?
a)
Texas farms began using new fertilizers and pesticides
b)
Enslaved people stopped working on the cotton plantations
c)
needed to feed the soldiers
d)
Confederate officials sent money to Texas farmers to buy land
63.
What was the result of Sam Houston not taking the Confederate oath?
a)
Texas did not secede from the Union
b)
Sam Houston was made a general in the Union army
c)
Sam Houston was removed as governor
d)
Texas amended the state constitution to eliminate the oath.
64.
What effects happened due to slow communcation systems in TX during the Civil War?
a)
Photographs of battle scenes published in newspapers led many in Texas to desire an end to the war.
b)
New telegraph connections helped Confederate forces in Texas anticipate Union movements.
c)
fighting continued and delayed the emancipation of slaves until after the war ended
d)
Telephones allowed soldiers in the field to communicate with family members back home
65.
What is "reserved power?"
a)
staying loyal to your side of the union
b)
government has all of the power
c)
allows states to legislate and regulate to protect the health, safety, and morals of citizens
d)
the state has all of the power
66.
The Texas Constitution reflects the democratic principle of popular sovereignty by —
a)
guaranteeing individual rights to citizens
b)
describing powers of the state agencies
c)
allowing citizens to vote for government officials
d)
establishing 3 branches of government
67.
How did voting rights expand in TX after the Civil War?
a)
Women were allowed to vote.
b)
All people were allowed to vote at the age of 21
c)
All men, regardless of race, were allowed to vote.
d)
New citizens to the state could now vote sooner
68.
What is popular sovereignty?
a)
having power over the other branches of government
b)
spearates the state powers into 3 branches of government
c)
all political power comes from the people.
d)
loyalty to the state
69.
Define Separation of powers
a)
people have the power
b)
voting for representatives
c)
spliting the government into the three branches
d)
there is no separation of powers, the government has all of the power
70.
How are the U.S. and TX Constitutions similar?
a)
several states
b)
counties
c)
three branches
d)
federal districts
71.
What is Republicanism?
a)
having a set of Bills of Rights
b)
separating powers
c)
electing government officials to the legislature
d)
sharing power in lower and higher courts
72.
How does the U.S. and TX Constitutions protect individual rights?
a)
limiting the power of the executive branch
b)
allowing for the election of representatives
c)
listing specific rights in amendments
d)
giving Congress the power to pass legislation
73.
How does the TX Constitution differ from teh U.S. Constitution?
a)
The Texas Constitution gives the governor more power than that of the U.S. president.
b)
The Texas Constitution restricts the governor to serving a shorter term than the U.S. president
c)
The Texas Constitution limits the governor’s power more than the U.S. president’s powers
d)
The Texas Constitution requires the governor be a native Texan and the president can be from anywhere
74.
Both the U.S. and TX Consitution include
a)
an amendment granting equality for all citizens
b)
descriptions of the responsibilities of citizens
c)
a list of rights gauranteed to citizens
d)
an explanation for declaring independence
75.
What are city governments responsible for?
a)
construct sewer lines
b)
health/safety inspections
c)
All of the above
d)
providing police/fire protection
76.
The taxes that help fund the state and local governments come from where?
a)
business taxes
b)
gasoline and inheritance taxes
c)
property and sales taxes
d)
income taxes
77.
Why do the school districts of fast-growing cities, as well as towns with little industry, struggle to acquire enough local funding to finance expansion?
a)
Local sales taxes are a large portion of local education funding.
b)
Most local education funding comes from long-term investments that require time to grow
c)
A large proportion of local education funding is tied to property taxes.
d)
Major industries and businesses in a community contribute a portion of sales taxes to fund local education.
78.
Freedom of religion is
a)
speaking out about bad religions
b)
the right to protest
c)
being able to practice any religion you want
d)
we have freedom of religion?
79.
Rights of crime victims have which of the following?
a)
the right to restitution
b)
right to be present at all public court proceedings related to the offense
c)
All of the above
d)
right to notifications of court proceedings
80.
Who is Lawrence Sullivan "Sul" Ross?
a)
General in the Confederate Army
b)
19th Governor of TX
c)
All of these
d)
President of Texas A&M University
81.
What happened to cotton production in TX during the Civil War?
a)
Production increased before the war, but fell sharply in the decades that followed the war
b)
Production steadily increased each decade in the late 1800s.
c)
Production declined during the war, but increased sharply in the decades that followed the war
d)
Production was unaffected by the war
82.
How was TX society characterized during the mid to late 1800's?
a)
Drilling for oil and developing an export economy
b)
Women and African Americans fighting for civil rights
c)
Cattle drives and wars with American Indian tribes
d)
Independence from Mexico and democratic government
83.
Last Chief of the Comanche; assimilated to American culture and helped other Indians to do the same; Who am I?
a)
Iron Jacket
b)
John Wallace
c)
Quanah Parker
d)
Peta Nocona
84.
How did traditional lifestyle come to an end for American Indians during Reconstruction?
a)
the last tribes moved westward to find buffalo
b)
a majority of the tribes adopted Christianity
c)
a number of the tribes established large ranches
d)
the last bands of tribes were moved to reservations
85.
This was the nickname given to African American regiments of the U.S. Army
a)

Bucktails

b)

Red River Rebels

c)

Screaming Eagles

d)

Buffalo Soldiers

86.
What other factors helped people settle the Texas frontier?
a)
Increased investment in schools
b)
Establishment of forts in West Texas
c)
Demand for beef in eastern states
d)
Legislation passed to forbid use of barbed wire
87.
What effect did the ending of the Civil War have on the cattle industry?
a)
Much of the land used for grazing was destroyed in the war
b)
Farmers had to move west and take land needed for grazing.
c)
The demand for beef in the East brought rapid growth to the industry.
d)
The loss in the Confederacy brought many cowboys to the cattle industry.
88.
How did Gov. James Hogg protect Texans from unfair business practices?
a)
prosecuting corrupt leaders in the oil industry
b)
working to bring an end to the range wars in West Texas
c)
supporting the creation of the Texas Railroad Commission
d)
signing legislation that established the Attorney General’s office
89.
what would be an effect of new railroads being constructed?
a)
American Indian tribes were relocated.
b)
Texas became a primary producer of cotton
c)
New cities grew up along the rail lines.
d)
West Texas’ population grew larger than that of East Texas.
90.
Range wars were caused by -
a)
sharecroppers claiming public lands
b)
immigrants moving onto lands in West Texas
c)
railroad companies building on American Indian lands
d)
ranchers fencing land with barbed wire
91.
How did climate effect economic development in West Texas?
a)
Constant threats of large thunderstorms make it difficult to farm in this area.
b)
The arid humid conditions made the region perfect for establishing cotton farms.
c)
Hurricanes damaged farms and railroads built in the area so few businesses located there.
d)
The region is too dry to support farming so ranching became more prominent.
92.
What was a consequence of barbed wire?
a)
the introduction of rodeos
b)
a decline in the number of cattle ranches
c)
an increase in conflicts with American Indian tribes
d)
the end of the cattle drives
93.
West Texas ranching was influenced by what?
a)
politics
b)
railroads
c)
discovery of oil
d)
water resources
94.
the invention of barbed wire replaced what?
a)
a need to keep pigs in pens
b)
writings of earlier inventors of fences
c)
drawings created by farmers on the Great Plains
d)
the use of natural fences in the past
95.
What do windmills allow farmers to do?
a)
provide electricity to the region
b)
create early air conditioning for homes
c)
generate wind power to run farm equipment
d)
irrigate crops without having access to a river
96.
What famous cattle trail was first used?
a)
Chisholm Trail (1867-1884)
b)
Goodnight-Loving Trail (1866-1886)
c)
Western Trail (1874-1893)
d)
Shawnee Trail (1846-1879)
97.
What did cattle trails support after the Civil War?
a)
All cattle trails that started in Texas led to towns in the East.
b)
After the Civil War, ranchers used the trails to bring cattle from other states to Texas.
c)
Before the Civil War, increased settlement encourage Texas ranchers to find new markets for their cattle.
d)
After the Civil War, several trails were added to support the growing cattle industry in Texas.
98.
Where was most of the cotton produced in Texas during late 1800's?
a)
Panhandle
b)
Rio Grande Valley
c)
Mountains and Basins
d)
Central Texas
99.
What happen to the population of Texas after the Civil War?
a)
Texans migrated from rural towns to urban areas.
b)
West Texas became more populated than East Texas.
c)
Immigrants to Texas outnumbered native born Texans.
d)
The numbers of Texans began a trend of increasing
100.
How much of the state of Texas was affected by dust storms?
a)
a small part of the state
b)
some of the state
c)
no part of Texas was affected
d)
a large part of the state
101.
What was a result of the dust storm damage?
a)
temperatures declined
b)
only the western states were damaged
c)
several acres of desert land was created from the dust storms
d)
many states outside of the Dust Bowl were affected
102.
What happened to cotton production during the 1930s-1940s?
a)
cotton production increased
b)
coton farmers moved closer to cities
c)
cotton was non-existent
d)
cotton production declined
103.
The agricultural sector in TX durign the Gret Depression was severly damaged by a what?
a)
the New Deal
b)
introduction of rationing
c)
a bust in the cotton industry
d)
severe drought
104.
Why did we need industries like military facilities, aircraft production, weapons plants, petroleum plants in TX?
a)
the Dust Bowl
b)
the New Deal
c)
economic depression
d)
because of international conflict (world wars)
105.
Which even came first?
a)
Dust Bowl
b)
New Deal
c)
WW2
d)
Great Depression
106.
What happens when your supply is more than the demand?
a)
underproduction leads to price increases
b)
Increased demand for products leads to loss of jobs
c)
supply of products decreased causing higher prices.
d)
you have overproduction and it leads to price cuts
107.
Which Texan listed later became a movie star after serving in the military during WW2?
a)
Dwight D. Eisenhower
b)
John Nance Garner
c)
Chester W. Nimitz
d)
Audie Murphy
108.
Who is James Nance Garner?
a)
He served in the TX House of Representatives
b)
Served as the Speaker of the House for the US House of Representatives
c)
Served as Vice President under FDR
d)
All of the Above
109.
How did TX benefit economically benefit from WW2?
a)
Texans became wealthy serving as soldiers in the war.
b)
Rationing consumer goods stimulated the growth of businesses.
c)
Locating internment camps in Texas brought consumers to the region.
d)
Natural resources in TX were needed to supply the war effort
110.
How did the New Deal help Texans during the Great Depression
a)
Gas rationing helped to reduce traffic in busy cities.
b)
Cotton prices were fixed to keep farmer on the land.
c)
Additional government funding was provided to oil companies.
d)
Thousands found employment building roads and bridges.
111.
Why were military bases built in TX during WW2?
a)
Several military generals were from Texas.
b)
Construction of the bases was cheaper in Texas.
c)
Texas military bases could contribute to the protection of the Panama Canal.
d)
for the moderate climate and large expanses of land
112.
How was Texan society impacted by the Dust Bowl?
a)
Children moved from factory work to field work.
b)
Minority groups gained legal protections for equal pay.
c)
Women began working in the fields in much greater numbers.
d)
some north TX farmers moved to California
113.
How did TX manage the problems from the Dust Bowl?
a)
building windmills to power water pumps
b)
halting cattle drives through the Panhandle
c)
moving major agricultural production out of the Panhandle
d)
planted new trees and vegetation to prevent erosion
114.
What was an economic impact TX faced during the Dust Bowl?
a)
The demand for Texas crops declined.
b)
Employment in major cities increased.
c)
Oil production declined in West Texas.
d)
many farms were lost to banks
115.
How did the overproduction of oil, gas and agricultural products impact the Texas economy during the Great Depression?
a)
Increased production resulted in record profits.
b)
New workers were hired to meet production demands.
c)
Export markets expanded to send these products overseas.
d)
Prices declined and economic growth slowed.
116.
Why did the first quarter of the twentieth century mark a dramatic shift in Texas's economy as well as that of the US?
a)
In that time period, major technological innovations in pesticides were made and Texas was able to become a leading provider of crops for the rest of the nation.
b)
In that time period, Texas shifted from providing manufactured goods to exporting raw materials, changing how the states interacted with each other.
c)
In that time period, oil was found in California and industries in Texas rose to the challenge, providing the technology to use the oil.
d)
In that time period, oil was found in Texas and the technology to refine it was invented, marking a change from coal to oil for powering the nation's industry.