in North Africa and the Middle East an experience of spirit possession where the person develops a relationship with the spirit. Characterized by withdrawal and apathy

a phobia, similar to social phobia and unique to Japan, that is characterized by an intense fear that one's body parts, bodily functions, or facial expressions are embarrassing or offensive to others

any phenomenon or circumstance accompanying something and serving as evidence of it

a disorder occurring among Latinos in the United States and populations in Mexico, Central America, and South America. After experiencing a frightening event, individuals fear that their soul has left their body.

abuse of, or dependence on, a mood or behavior altering drug

the negative social attitude attached to a characteristic of an individual that may be regarded as a mental, physical, or social deficiency

the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories

a class of mental disorders in which there is a severe loss of contact with reality

deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.

branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of psychological disorders

The percentage of a population that exhibits a disorder during a specified time period

are a class of mental disorders characterised by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture

characterized by developmental deficits that produce impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning. Includes disorders such as ADHD and autism spectrum disorders

characterized by serious cognitive decline; potentially due to injury, illness, or age-related degeneration.

a philosophy of treatment that emphasized treating mentally ill people with compassion and understanding, rather than shackling them in chains

the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.

Behavior that is destructive to oneself or others

falsifying symptoms to avoid responsibility

The percentage of people who have been diagnosed with a specific disorder at any time in their lives

When someone is diagnosed as having a particular disorder, there is sometimes stigma (shame or disgrace) associated with it

assimilated children of immigrants experience diminishing developmental outcomes and educational achievements

Diagnositic manual published by the World Health Organization to overview both physical and mental disorders

a preoccupation with death and the deceased among Native Americans. Bad dreams, dizziness, weakness, and feelings of futility

characterized by extreme changes in eating behaviors. Includes disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder

Cause of disease or disorder

difficulty in normal day-to-day functioning

the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic manual, widely used for classifying psychological disorders

the effect of unpleasant and undesirable stressors

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.

suggests that people inherit a predisposition that increases their rick for mental disorders if exposed to certain extremely stressful life experiences

the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms

psychological disorders characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and worthlessness, and lack of desire to engage in formerly pleasurable experiences

recurrent, locally-specific patterns of aberrant behavior that may or may not be linked to a particular DSM-IV diagnostic category

co-occurrence of two or more disorders in the same person at the same time, as when a person suffers from both depression and alcoholism

an intellectual shift in psychology in the 1950s focusing on the internal mental processes driving human behavior

an integrated approach to psychology that incorporates three different perspectives and types of analysis: biological, psychological, and social-cultural

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.