Chlorpropamide (Diabinese)

Second generation sulfonylureas include what drugs?

-Most commonly used

-more potent that first generation

-longer duration of action and fewer adverse effects

-side effects include hypoglycemia

Glyburide used alone or in combination with other agents in the management of Type II DM.

-work to decrease hepatic glucose production

-to improve the action of insulin at the cellular level

-reduce GI CHO absorption

Glucophage (Metformin) is the only biguanide currently available

A obese patient comes in experiencing high hepatic glucose production. What should the patient receive?

Also used for treatment of Metabolic syndrome and PCOS

Glucophage (Metformin) is indicated as monotherapy or combined therapy.

Glucophage (Metformin) is combined with

Glucophage (Metformin) is contraindicated in patients with what?

When used alone Glucophage (Metformin) rarely causes what?

Glucophage (Metformin) side effects include what?

Glucophage (Metformin) comes as combo pill with Glyburide (Glucovance); Glipizide (Metaglip); Actos (Actos+Met) and Avandia (Avandamet)

-delay the digestion and absorption of CHO in the small intestine

-causing a smaller rise in blood glucose levels after food is ingested

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors can be given alone or in combination with sulfonylureas to do what?

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors can be given alone or in combination with what?

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors side effects can decrease if taken when?

Acarbose (Precose) can combine with what drugs?

Miglitol (Glyset) can combine with what drugs?

Acarbose (Precose) and Miglitol (Glyset) belongs in which drug catergory?

-non-sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents that stimulate pancreatic beta cells to produce insulin

-improve insulin secretion in response to increased glucose levels

-regulating the ATP-sensitive potassium channels on pancreatic beta cells

-Shorter acting and are excreted faster than the oral sulfonylurea drugs

-produce a glucose control similar to therapy with Glyburide

A patient has a history of eating disorders and need medication for insulin production. What drug group will be more appropriate?

Meglitinides can be dosed immediately before meals.

4. Nateglinide (Starlix) and Repaglinide (Prandin)— belongs in which drug category?

indicated for the management of Type II DM as monotherapy or in combination with metformin or a glitazone

Nateglinide (Starlix) can be combined with

-re-sensitize the body to its own insulin; they decrease insulin resistance in the periphery and liver

-1. ONLY INDICATED FOR TYPE 2 DM PTS WHO CAN PRODUCE INSULIN

4. Rosiglitazone (Avandia) and Pioglitazone (Actos)—belongs in which drug catergory?

Thiazolidinediones adverse effects include:

Thiazolidinediones contradictions:

indicated for monotherapy of Type II DM. Also used in combination with sulfonylureas, metformin, and/or insulin

Blood testing for liver function should be performed before and throughout treatment assess for hepatotoxicity. Which drug class is described?

-suppress appetite

-suppress the release of glucagon

-slows gastric emptying time

-indicated as adjunct tx for Type I DM for clients who have not obtained adequate glycemic control with insulin therapy

-and for Type II DM who have not obtained adequate glycemic control with insulin with or without oral therapy

-indicated for clients with Type II who are not adequately controlled with oral therapy

-IT IS NOT INDICATED FOR CLIENTS WITH TYPE I DM.

-stop the enzyme DPP4 from removing incretin from the body

-allow the incretin that is in your body to stay longer so that your glucose is lowered

Linagliptin (Tradjenta), Saxagliptin (Onglyza), Sitagliptin (Januvia), and Alogliptin (Nesina) are DPP4 inhibitors that are used with diet and exercise to improve glucose control in patients with what DM type?

Linagliptin (Tradjenta), Saxagliptin (Onglyza), Sitagliptin (Januvia), and Alogliptin may be combined with Metformin, pioglitazone, or other agents for glucose control

-excrete glucose through the urine to limits the risk of glucose postprandial (after meals).

-May be used in combination with insulin for type 1 diabetes

-Promotes weight loss

What drugs fall under Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors.

What drugs fall under Sodium-glucose co-transport 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors.

What are some risks involving M. Sodium-glucose co-transport 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors tx?

-excrete glucose through the urine to limits the risk of glucose postprandial (after meals).

-May be used in combination with insulin for type 1 diabetes

-Promotes weight loss

-increases gluconeogenesis in the muscle which helps to lower blood sugars

-stimulating glucose uptake by the cells and increasing insulin sensitivity (how well your body uses insulin)

What drugs fall under Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (also known as Incretin mimetics)?

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is given how often?

N. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (also known as Incretin mimetics) it is recommended to decrease the dose of concomitant sulfonylurea or insulin to reduce the risk of hypoglycemic episodes

A patient comes in experiencing severe hypoglycemia, What is the best treatment for this condition?

What tx are used to resolve hypoglycemia?