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8th Grade Mid-Unit 4 Review

Total questions: 46

Worksheet time: 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A series of statements designed to convince you of something
a)
argument
b)
credible
c)
evidence
d)
sufficient
2.
what the author is trying to prove
a)
sufficient
b)
claim
c)
credible
3.
the information that authors use to support their reasons. 
a)
evidence
b)
credible
c)
generalization
4.

What is rhetoric?

a)

The art of avoiding classwork.

b)

The art of writing well.

c)

The art of persuasive writing and speaking.

d)

The art of looking busy.

5.

What is logos?

a)

The appeal to LEGO

b)

The appeal to emotion

c)

The appeal to credibility

d)

The appeal to logic

6.

What is ethos?

a)

The appeal to puppies

b)

The appeal to emotion

c)

The appeal to credibility

d)

The appeal to logic

7.

What is pathos?

a)

The appeal to hiking

b)

The appeal to emotion

c)

The appeal to credibility

d)

The appeal to logic

8.

What is logical fallacy?

a)

Logic that falls in the sea.

b)

Logic that fails the reader.

c)

Reasoning that does not make sense on the surface but is true.

d)

Reasoning that makes sense on the surface but is false.

9.

Which statement below is an emotional appeal?

a)

Making the wrong financial choices can have devastating, life altering effects.

b)

Expanding our advertising for the annual street fair will increase attendance

c)

Quieter study locations will help students study more

d)

If we renovate neglected homes, our neighborhood will be more attractive to potential home buyers

10.

Choose ALL the steps in tracing an argument (three total).

a)

Identify the hook.

b)

Identify the evidence that supports the reasons.

c)

Identify the reasons.

d)

Identify the claim.

11.

Which type of logical fallacy is a broad statement that applies to many individuals or situations?

a)

Circular Reasoning

b)

Ad Hominem

c)

Either/Or

d)

False Cause/Effect

e)

Hasty Generalization

12.

Which type of logical fallacy is a personal attack, is the practice of attacking the person who makes an argument rather than showing the flaws in the argument itself?

a)

Circular Reasoning

b)

Ad Hominem

c)

Either/Or

d)

False Cause/Effect

e)

Stereotyping

13.

Which type of logical fallacy is restating an opinion or conclusion in different words and trying to pass it off as a reason or as evidence?

a)

Circular Reasoning

b)

Ad Hominem

c)

Either/Or

d)

False Cause/Effect

e)

Hasty Generalization

14.

Which of these helps you know if an argument is valid?

a)

The writer uses words like no, never, and all

b)

The writer provides a lot of information

c)

The article is really long

d)

The reader can find that the source is reliable

15.

Which of these falls under determining the validity of an argument?

a)

Well known or common knowledge

b)

The source is identified

c)

The source appears to be trustworthy

d)

Research shows the source to be reliable

16.

Which of these falls under determining the relevancy of an argument?

a)

Closely related to the topic or issue

b)

It supports the claim

17.

Which of these falls under determining the sufficiency of an argument?

a)

There's enough evidence

b)

Evidence comes from a variety of sources

18.

What is deductive reasoning?

a)

An argument that attacks the man and not the argument

b)

The reasoning most used by detectives

c)

Reasoning that relies on patterns and incomplete information to offer the most likely and simplest explanation

d)

Reasoning beginning with a broad general statement to end up with a specific factual statement

19.

Since sugary caffeinated drinks are loved by many kids, we should have them in a vending machine at school.  What sort of logical fallacy is this?

a)

ad hominem

b)

slippery slope

c)

deductive

d)

ad populum

20.

A logical fallacy that draws an extreme or unlikely conclusion about consequences of an action is called

a)

ad hominem

b)

slippery slope

c)

red herring

d)

hasty generalization

21.

Reasoning used by detectives based on specific observations, knowledge of patterns and incomplete information to offer the most likely explanation is called

a)

abductive reasoning

b)

deductive reasoning

c)

an argument

d)

inductive reasoning

22.

I bought an apple every day for a week and each one was bruised, so if I buy an apple today it will also be bruised. This is an example of

a)

inductive reasoning

b)

slippery slope

c)

red herring

d)

deductive reasoning

23.

Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning?

a)

we should make classes on horoscopes required since so many people are into horoscopes

b)

the candidate wants to raise taxes, so his opponent mentioned the fact that he was expelled from college

c)

everyone in my family has blonde hair, so my sister's baby will also have blonde hair

d)

since the school I go to is dirty, I assume all other schools are dirty including the new one I'm about to attend.

24.

All even numbers are divisible by two, therefore, 14 is divisible by two.  This is an example of

a)

Inductive reasoning

b)

Abductive reasoning

c)

Deductive reasoning

d)

Argument

25.

Which of these takes attention away from the issue being discussed by shifting to something off topic?

a)

slippery slope

b)

red herring

c)

hasty generalization

d)

ad hominem

26.

"Kids need more freedom of speech," a student says. "Really," a teacher replies. "We teachers can't even talk about which candidates we support." This is

a)

inductive reasoning

b)

ad hominem

c)

red herring

d)

slippery slope

27.

What type of reasoning is used here?

All dolphins are mammals, and all mammals have kidneys. Therefore, dolphins have kidneys.

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

28.

What type of reasoning is used here?

The doctor hears her patients symptoms, including the regular shortness of breath on cold days and when exercising and thinks that the best explanation of these symptoms is that her patient is an asthma sufferer.

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

29.

What type of reasoning is used here?

Every dog I meet is friendly. Therefore, all dogs are friendly.

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

30.

What type of reasoning is used here?

All dolphins are mammals, and all mammals have kidneys. Therefore, dolphins have kidneys.

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

31.

What type of reasoning is used here?

The doctor hears her patients symptoms, including the regular shortness of breath on cold days and when exercising and thinks that the best explanation of these symptoms is that her patient is an asthma sufferer.

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

32.

What type of reasoning is used here?

Every dog I meet is friendly. Therefore, all dogs are friendly.

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

33.

Celebrity endorsements are what type of rhetorical appeal?

a)

Pathos

b)

Ethos

c)

Logos

34.

What rhetorical appeal is used?

Professor Xavier of M.I.T finds no evidence automation causes job losses.

a)

Ethos

b)

Pathos

c)

Logos

35.

What rhetorical appeal is used?

If you don't come for Thanksgiving, your Grandmother will be heartbroken.

a)

Ethos

b)

Pathos

c)

Logos

36.

What rhetorical appeal is used here?

Dr. Grant has been a leading paleontologist for 20 years and knows his fossils.

a)

Ethos

b)

Pathos

c)

Logos

37.

What rhetorical appeal is used here?

Studies show that people who eat chocolate are 72% happier than those who don't.

a)

Ethos

b)

Pathos

c)

Logos

38.

"If you give a mouse a cookie, they'll want to take over the world" is an example of

what kind of logical fallacy?

a)

Strawman

b)

Bandwagon

c)

Slippery Slope

d)

Ad Hominem

39.

This type of reasoning goes from the specific to the broad

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

40.

What type of reasoning takes a set of observations, or a pattern, and creates a theory to explain them?

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

41.

This type of reasoning goes from the broad to the specific

a)

Deductive

b)

Inductive

c)

Abductive

42.

My opponent is an untrustworthy liar and an idiot. Therefore, you should believe me.

a)

Hasty Generalization

b)

Circular Reasoning

c)

Cherry-picking the evidence

d)

Ad Hominem

43.
I met a tall man who loved to eat cheese. Now I believe that all tall people like cheese.
a)
Ad Hominem
b)
Hasty Generalization
c)
Affirming the Consequent
d)
Appeal to Irrelevant Authority
44.
If you don't study, you'll fail your test. Then you will do poorly in the class and you GPA will fall. You won't get into a good college, so you'll never get a decent job and you'll end up poor and homeless.
a)
Slippery Slope
b)
Circular Reasoning
c)
False Dilemma
d)
Affirming the Consequent
45.
"Chick fil A is the greatest food chain in existence. Look at the crowds!"
a)
converse accident
b)
ad populum
c)
ad baculum
46.

A driver with a New York license plate cuts you off in traffic. You decide that all New York drivers are terrible drivers.

a)

hasty generalization

b)

either-or fallacy

c)

false cause and effect

d)

stereotyping

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