History is a science, while memory is a form of therapy

History is retrospective, while memory involves both retrospection and prospection

History is concerned with the future, while memory is concerned with the past

History is based on written records, while memory is based on collective experience

It provides historians with an accurate record of past events

It helps historians understand the expectations and perspectives of people in the past

It makes it more difficult for historians to establish the facts of history

It encourages historians to focus on the present rather than the past

It is a necessary aspect of both memory and history, allowing for selective construction of narratives

It is a major obstacle to accurate historical analysis, leading to incomplete or biased interpretations

It is a sign of weakness or failure in the individual or society that cannot remember everything

It is a means of avoiding the burden of painful or traumatic memories from the past

It inspires political leaders to revive traditions and cultural values that have been forgotten or ignored

It promotes a sense of nostalgia and longing for a past that cannot be recovered

It encourages people to focus on the future rather than dwelling on the mistakes of the past

It helps to correct the retrospective illusion of fatality and reintroduce contingency into history

The history of history is an innocent operation

Historiography is more pragmatic in France than in the United States

The history of history involves a critical approach to memory and tradition

Historians seek to preserve the mythologies of their predecessors

The critical examination of historical memory

The combination of history and memory

The separation of history from the study of the past

The loss of historical memory.

It had no impact on French historiography.

It marked the end of the nation's interest in history.

It led to the development of a severe documentary erudition for the scholarly transmission of memory.

It caused the nation's memory to become more fragmented.

True

False

They are exclusively physical objects with no historical context

They are self-referential signs without a referent in reality

. They are national symbols imposed from above by established interests

They are spontaneous expressions of collective memory with no official recognition

To illustrate the evocative power of collective memory

To demonstrate the existence of an invisible thread linking apparently unconnected objects

To establish a comprehensive classification system of all historical objects

To highlight the differences between public and private sites of memory