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Stars and the moon

Total questions: 51

Worksheet time: 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The universe is approximately 13.8 billion years old. Compared to the age of the solar system, the age of the universe is approximately

a)

the same age as the solar system

b)

2x older than the solar system

c)

3x older than our solar system

d)

4x older than our solar system

2.

Planets that are closest to the Sun are identified as

a)

low-density jovian planets

b)

low-density terrestrial planets

c)

high-density jovian planets

d)

high-density terrestrial planets

3.

The diagrams below represent the constellations seen by an observer in New York State while looking toward the southern horizon at midnight on July 9 and January 8.

Which motion is mainly responsible for the difference in the constellations visible at midnight on these two dates?

a)

The Sun orbits Earth

b)

Earth orbits the Sun

c)

The stars in the constellations orbit Earth

d)

Earth orbits the stars in the constellations

4.

Most clouds form in the atmosphere when moist

air

a)

rises, expands and cools to the dewpoint

b)

rises, expands, and warms to the dewpoint

c)

sinks, compresses and cools to the dewpoint

d)

sinks, compresses and warms to the dew point

5.
The letters 'O', 'B', 'A', 'F', 'G', 'K' and 'M' arrange stars in order from ___
a)
hottest to coolest
b)
coolest to hottest
c)
largest to smallest
d)
smallest to largest
6.
The total amount of energy emitted by a star is called its ___
a)
incandescence
b)
luminosity
c)
spectral integrity
d)
apparent brightness
7.
The luminosity of a star depends on ___
a)
its size and temperature
b)
its age and density
c)
its size and distance from us
d)
its age and distance from us
8.
A plot of a stars luminosity vs it's temperature is called ___
a)
an HR diagram, after Hertzsprung and Russell
b)
an HC diagram, after Hertzsprung and Cannon
c)
an CR diagram, after Cannon and Russell
d)
an HS diagram, after Hertzsprung and Saha 
9.
The thick line, running diagonally down an HR diagram is called ___
a)
the general trend
b)
the main sequence
c)
the main trend
d)
the general sequence
10.
The stars on the lower left of an HR diagram are hot, blue/white but very faint, and are called ___
a)
white giants
b)
blue giants
c)
white dwarfs
d)
blue dwarfs
11.
Most stars live the majority of their lives ___
a)
as white dwarfs
b)
along the main sequence
c)
as red giants
d)
as red super giants
12.

The joining of nuclei to form a "heavier" nucleus is referred to as ______________

a)

chemical reaction

b)

fission

c)

fusion

d)

radiation

13.

This is a picture of

a)

a chemical reaction

b)

the electromagnetic spectrum

c)

chemical energy

d)

wind energy

14.

Which one below is NOT an example of electromagnetic radiation

a)

radio wave

b)

conduction

c)

microwave

d)

visible light

15.

Which nuclear process takes place in the core of stars, where hydrogen is joined to produce helium?

a)

fission

b)

fusion

16.

Which stage of the star life cycle does fusion occur and the star is most stable?

a)

Birth - protostar(s)

b)

Main Sequence - star

c)

Old Age - red giant

d)

Death - white dwarf

17.

Which stage of a star's life cycle does fusion stop, the core is crushed by gravity and it glows bright white?

a)

Birth - protostar(s)

b)

Main Sequence - star

c)

Old Age - red giant

d)

Death - white dwarf

18.

Which stage of a star's life cycle does fusion slow down, the star expands and glows red?

a)

Birth - protostar

b)

Main Sequence - star

c)

Old Age - red giant

d)

Death - white dwarf

19.

Which of the following will give the best indication of a star's temperature?

a)

the distance of the star

b)

the radius of the star

c)

the color of the star

d)

the age of the star

20.

Which of the following stages represents a dying star?

a)

Main sequence

b)

Protostar

c)

Nebula

d)

Red Giant

21.

Which of the following is the most abundant element in the Sun?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Carbon

d)

Oxygen

22.

Which of the following earliest stage of a star (where is it "born")?

a)

Nebula

b)

Protostar

c)

Main sequence

d)

Neutron star

23.

Bright and hot stars live longer than cool and dim stars

a)

True

b)

False

24.

The portion of the earth to the right faces the sun, it experiences.....

a)

day

b)

night

c)

day and night

25.

The portion of the earth to the left, it is in darkness which experiences...

a)

day

b)

night

c)

day and night

26.

Revolution has to do with the motion around the.....

a)

moon

b)

Earth

c)

sun

d)

Mars

27.

One revolution around the sun takes

a)

one day

b)

one week

c)

one month

d)

one year

28.

How long does it take for 1 rotation of Earth

a)

around 24 hours

b)

12 hours

c)

1 year

d)

1 month

29.

the phase of the moon is caused by its... in its... relative to the Earth and the Sun.

a)

position, orbit

b)

orbit, position

30.

The phases occur because, as the moon.. around the Earth, we observe different amounts of the side of the moon that is.....by the sun.

a)

revolve, lit

b)

rotate, darkened

c)

rotate, lit

31.

Moon phase:

a)

New Moon

b)

Full Moon

c)

Waxing Gibbous

d)

First Quarter

32.
a)

waxing crescent

b)

waning crescent

c)

first quarter

d)

third quarter

33.
a)

waning crescent

b)

waxing crescent

c)

new moon

d)

waning gibbous

34.

what does waning mean?

a)

when it is in the phase in which its visible surface area is getting smaller.

b)

when it is in the phase in which its visible surface area is getting bigger.

35.

what does Waxing mean?

a)

when it is in the phase in which its visible surface area is getting smaller

b)

when it is in the phase in which its visible surface area is getting bigger

36.

what does gibbous mean?

a)

more than half but not all of the apparent disk illuminated(is lit)

b)

less than half but not all of the apparent disk illuminated(is lit)

c)

more than 1/4 but not all of the apparent disk illuminated(is lit)

37.

what does crescent mean?

a)

a curved shape that is wider in the middle than at its ends

b)

a curved shape that is wider in the ends than at its middle

c)

half

d)

full

38.

How many moon phases are there?

a)

10

b)

9

c)

8

d)

7

39.
How do most craters on the moon form?
a)
Collision with other planets
b)
Rapidly moving debris hit the surface
c)
The sun burns holes in the moon
40.
If we are looking at the dark side of the moon (so the sun is shining on the opposite side), what lunar phase is the moon in?
a)
Full moon
b)
New moon
c)
First quarter
d)
Third quarter
41.
If we are looking at the moon and it is ALMOST fully bright, but not quite a full moon, what lunar phase is it in?
a)
Crescent
b)
New moon
c)
Gibbous
d)
First quarter
42.
When the moon appears to be growing larger, the moon is ______________.
a)
Waxing
b)
Waning
43.
Why are craters on the moon so well-preserved?
a)
No atmosphere = no precipitation for erosion
b)
The rocks on the moon are more solid
c)
The rocks on the moon absorb more impact
44.

Regular eclipses of the Sun and the Moon are best explained by which of the following?

a)

Th relative masses of the Sun, Earth and the Moon

b)

The different compositions of the Sun and the Moon

c)

The rotation of Earth and Moon on their axes

d)

The movement of Earth and the Moon around the Sun

45.
What Moon phase is this?
a)
Full Moon
b)
Waxing Gibbous
c)
New Moon
d)
Half Moon
46.
What phase comes AFTER this one?
a)
Waning Crescent
b)
Waning Gibbous
c)
Waxing Crescent
d)
Third Quarter
47.

Which of the following is most responsible for the changing of seasons on Earth?

a)

Orbit of the Earth around the Sun

b)

Tilt of the axis of Earth

c)

Rotation of the Sun

d)

Rotation of the Earth

48.
The Moon orbits Earth in a ________________ direction
a)
clockwise
b)
counterclockwise
c)
upwards
d)
downwards
49.
What is illuminating the Moon?
a)
Nuclear Fusion
b)
Sunlight
c)
Mirrors
d)
Flood Lights
50.
How long after a new moon will it take to see another new moon?
a)
12 days
b)
29.5 days
c)
27.3 days
d)
365 days
51.
Name the moon phase
a)
First Quarter
b)
Last Quarter
c)
New Moon
d)
Full Moon

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