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WorksheetsCPR Case 10 IQ
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 24mins
What type of pulmonary function testing must be performed to measure residual volume (RV)?
Arterial blood gas
Blowing out the birthday candles
Spirometry
Body plethysmography
What is the difference between FEV1 & FVC?
FEV1 is when 50% of lung capacity has been exhaled; FVC is total lung capacity
FEV1 is the amount of air expelled forcefully in the first second of exhalation while FVC is the total amount of air that can be expelled forcefully
FEV1 is the total amount of air that can be expelled forcefully while FVC is the amount of air expelled forcefully in the first second of exhalation.
FEV1 is the newest Tesla model; FVC is a faulty ventricular contraction ;)
What is transpulmonary pressure and how does it relate to airway opening/collapse?
Transpulmonary pressure = alveolar pressure - intrapleural pressure; negative intrapleural pressure required to keep airways open
Transpulmonary pressure = alveolar pressure - intrapleural pressure; positive intrapleural pressure required to keep airways open
Transpulmonary pressure = intrapleural pressure - alveolar pressure; positive intrapleural pressure required to keep airways open
What happens to the equal pressure point during forced exhalation in COPD?
Moves closer to the alveoli because of obstruction
Moves closer to cartilaginous airway structures
The patient's arterial PaCO2 was 50mmHg and their arterial PaO2 was 62mmHg. Calculate their A-a O2 gradient using the given equations and whether their gradient is higher than expected.
Pursed lip breathing ______ (increases/decreases) back pressure by creating a small amount of _____ (+/-) end expiratory pressure. (Please separate your answer with a semicolon and space!)
(a)
Through what mechanism is hyperinflation developed in COPD?
air trapping from airway collapse during exhalation
hyperplasia of chest wall muscles
What is elastic recoil of the lung?
Another term for elasticity of lung tissues
Springing of the lung against the chest wall during inspiration
Tendency of lungs to deflate after inflating
Collapse of alveoli during expiration
What/where is dead space in the airways?
Volume of air in non-gas-exchanging airways
Terminal Bronchioles
Non-functional alveoli
Nasal passages, mouth, trachea
Discuss how the patient's PFT indicated COPD. (FEV1/FVC ratio; RV & TLC, RV/TLC ratio)
Is PFT alone sufficient to diagnose COPD? If not, explain what is also necessary.
What is the pathophysiologic mechanism of our patient's rhonchi that cleared with cough?
Mucus hypersecretion
Cystic fibrosis
Goblet cell proliferation
Pulmonary hypertension
What causes loss of elastic recoil in COPD due to smoking?
Cytokine release by inflammatory cells
ROS
alpha 1 antitrypsin inactivation
Elastase activity
Which of the following contribute to airway narrowing in COPD?
Pulmonary fibrosis
Immune-mediated growth factor release
Impaired ciliary function
Smooth muscle cell hyperplasia of small airways
COPD is more common in...
Females
Males
What is the MOA of albuterol in the lungs?
What is the MOA of tiotropium for COPD?
What is the MOA of salmeterol for COPD?
What is the MOA of fluticasone for COPD?
Draw a risk of oxygen at home, especially around smoking.
Lung compliance ____ (increases/decreases) in COPD, while airway resistance ______ (increases/decreases).
_______'s law plays a dominant role in the ventilation mechanics of the lungs.
What was the patient's MRC dyspnea scale?
