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Worksheets

Second semester final

Total questions: 221

Worksheet time: 5hrs 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Directs all cell activities through the DNA located there.

a)

Endomembrane System

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Mitochondria

2.

A double stranded helix that holds the code for all the cells in the body.

a)

RNA

b)

DNA

c)

Chromatin

d)

Nucleus

3.

What is the nucleus?

a)

A part of the cell that tells everything else what to do.

b)

An organ that makes you healthy.

c)

A wall that protects everything in the cell.

4.

What important material is contained in the nucleus?

a)

Jeans

b)

Digestive enzymes

c)

DNA

d)

Nuclear ladders

5.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
6.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
7.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
8.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
9.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
10.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
11.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
12.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
13.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
14.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
15.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
16.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
17.

What base pairs with adenine?

a)

phosphate

b)

guanine

c)

cytosine

d)

thymine

18.

What base pairs with thymine?

a)

adenine

b)

guanine

c)

cytosine

d)

limousine

19.

What base pairs with guanine?

a)

cytosine

b)

guanine

c)

thymine

d)

sugar

20.

What base pairs with cytosine?

a)

guanine

b)

adenine

c)

thymine

d)

magazine

21.

What is DNA

a)

donuts need algea

b)

did no algebra

c)

do not answer

d)

deoxyribonucleic acid

22.

What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

a)

a phosphate group

b)

a base

c)

a wave caused by a large bomb

d)

a 5 carbon sugar

23.

Eye color, hair color, having freckles, etc. are examples of:

a)

DNA

b)

Chromosomes

c)

Genes

d)

Traits

24.

The part of the cell that contains chromosomes and genes is the:

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Ribosomes

25.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

26.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

27.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

28.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

29.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

30.

The picture shows 46 chromosomes taken from a human:

a)

Male, because there are two X chromosomes

b)

Male because there is an X and a Y

c)

Female because there are two X chromosomes

d)

Female because there is an X and a Y

31.

Which statements are true? (Pick 2)

a)

All different organisms have a specific chromosome number

b)

Some organisms might have the same chromosome number but have different genes

c)

Larger organisms have fewer chromosomes than large ones.

d)

Offspring can inherit chromosomes from relatives other than the parent (s)

32.

Which statement is true? (Pick one.)

a)

Offspring only inherit chromosomes from one parent not both parents.

b)

Males and females of the same species have the same amount of chromosomes

c)

Offspring from two parents inherit the exact same chromosomes

d)

Males always have more chromosomes than females

33.

"Offspring" means:

a)

Children

b)

Parents

34.

This is a DNA "Fingerprint". Which statements are correct? (Select 2)

a)

The DNA is collected from a fingerprint sample.

b)

The DNA fingerprint pattern is unique to each person.

c)

The information can be used to determine who your relatives are

d)

DNA fingerprints may match any other relative

35.

According to the DNA fingerprints, which person is the most likely culprit?

a)

Bugsy

b)

Dino

c)

Daisy

d)

Tootsie

36.

This is a DNA "Fingerprint". Which statements are correct? (Select 2)

a)

The DNA is collected from a fingerprint sample.

b)

The DNA fingerprint pattern is unique to each person.

c)

The information can be used to determine who your relatives are

d)

DNA fingerprints may match any other relative

37.

According to the DNA fingerprints, which person is the most likely culprit?

a)

Bugsy

b)

Dino

c)

Daisy

d)

Tootsie

38.
Which of the following does NOT describe this picture?
a)
humans' 46 chromosomes
b)
one gene
c)
the human genome
d)
humans' 23 pairs of chromosomes
39.
The primary sequence of a protein refers to the:
a)
Order of amino acids
b)
α-Helix or β-Pleated Sheet
c)
Interaction of subunits
d)
Hydrogen Bonding
40.
The structure of proteins can be changed by environmental factors such as temperature or pH.
a)
True
b)
False
41.
The sequence of amino acids is determined by:
a)
Genes
b)
Hydrogen Bonds
c)
Like Dissolves Like
d)
pH
42.
The sequence of amino acids is determined by:
a)
Genes
b)
Hydrogen Bonds
c)
Like Dissolves Like
d)
pH
43.
What are the building blocks of proteins?
a)
amino acid
b)
fatty acid
c)
nucleotide
d)
lipid
44.

A segment of DNA that codes for a trait

a)

gene

b)

centromere

c)

chromosome

d)

chromatid

45.

an observable characteristic

a)

trait

b)

personality

c)

cell

d)

DNA

46.

Genetic traits are determined by one or more

a)

genes

b)

organelles

c)

random chances

d)

cells

47.

A version or variation of a gene

a)

trait

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

DNA

48.

The alleles that an organism has/inherits are its

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

chromosome

d)

recessive

49.

The observable expression of a trait is its

a)

phenotype

b)

genotype

c)

chromosome

d)

allele

50.

Long strands of DNA are wrapped into

a)

DNA

b)

Chromosome

c)

Alleles

d)

Phenotype

51.
Chromosomes are made of
a)
DNA
b)
RNT
c)
WWE
d)
DMA
52.

The physical expression of a trait.

a)

phenotype

b)

genotype

c)

chromosome

d)

allele

53.

Hair color and eye color are examples of a person's....

a)

recessive traits

b)

dominant alleles

c)

genotype

d)

phenotype

54.

The passing of traits from parents to offspring is known as....

a)

hierarchy

b)

heredity

c)

traits

d)

genetics

55.

Segments of DNA are called _______________________

a)

Genes

b)

Alleles

c)

Traits

d)

Chromosomes

56.
Genes always appear in pairs. Your parents donate ________ allele for every trait.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
23
d)
46
57.
Alternative forms of a gene are called
a)
Alleles
b)
Homozygous
c)
DNA
d)
Genetics
58.

What are the structures in this image called?

a)

chromosomes

b)

centromere

c)

sister chromatids

d)

chromatin

59.

A chart that displays family relationships indicating traits or disorders

a)

Punnett square

b)

Pedigree

c)

Karyotype chart

60.

In a pedigree chart, men are represented by

a)

Circles

b)

Diamonds

c)

Squares

61.

In a pedigree chart, women are represented by

a)

Circles

b)

Diamonds

c)

Squares

62.

In a pedigree, individuals that are carriers are represented as shapes that are

a)

Not shaded

b)

Fully shaded

c)

Half shaded

63.

A chart that displays family relationships indicating traits or disorders

a)

Punnett square

b)

Pedigree

c)

Karyotype chart

64.

In a pedigree chart, men are represented by

a)

Circles

b)

Diamonds

c)

Squares

65.

In a pedigree chart, women are represented by

a)

Circles

b)

Diamonds

c)

Squares

66.

In a pedigree, individuals that are carriers are represented as shapes that are

a)

Not shaded

b)

Fully shaded

c)

Half shaded

67.

In a pedigree, individuals that are unaffected are represented as shapes that are

a)

Not shaded

b)

Fully shaded

c)

Half shaded

68.

In a pedigree, individuals that are affected are represented as shapes that are

a)

Not shaded

b)

Fully shaded

c)

Half shaded

69.

When working to find genotypes of individuals in a pedigree, you may need to use a

a)

Punnett square

b)

Dihybrid cross

c)

Karyotype chart

70.

A codes for 6 fingers, a codes for 5. An individual with the genotype AA would have

a)

6 fingers and not be a carrier

b)

6 fingers and be a carrier

c)

5 fingers

71.

A codes for 6 fingers, a codes for 5. An individual with the genotype Aa would have

a)

6 fingers and be a carrier

b)

5 fingers

c)

6 fingers and not be a carrier

72.

A codes for 6 fingers, a codes for 5. An individual with the genotype aa would have

a)

6 fingers and be a carrier

b)

5 fingers

c)

6 fingers and not be a carrier

73.

Each generation in a pedigree is marked with

a)

Arabic numerals

b)

Names of individuals

c)

Roman numerals

74.
What is this?
a)
Pedigree
b)
Karyotype
c)
Venn diagram
d)
Punnett Square
75.
What is this?
a)
Pedigree
b)
Karyotype
c)
Venn diagram
d)
Punnett Square
76.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
77.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
78.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
79.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
80.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
81.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
82.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
83.
How many people in this whole pedigree have the trait/disease?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
84.
Which gender can be carriers of colorblindness and not have it?
a)
Just males
b)
Just females
c)
Both genders
85.

The portion or segment of the DNA strand that codes for a particular protein is called a _____________________.

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

codon

d)

anticodon

86.

3 bases in a row on the mRNA strand, that call for a particular amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain:

a)

chromosome

b)

gene

c)

codon

d)

anticodon

87.

Which statement best defines a mutation?

a)

a physical trait that negatively impacts the organism

b)

an adaptive trait that allows the individual to be better fit for survival

c)

a change in the order, number, or type of bases in the genetic code

d)

an identical copy of the original DNA strand

88.

Mutations are always bad/harmful.

a)

True

b)

False

89.

If a point mutation does not change the order of the amino acid sequence, this is called a:

a)

nonsense mutation

b)

silent mutation

c)

missense mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

90.

If UCU is changed to UCC, this is a _______________________________.

a)

silent mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

nonsense mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

91.

Changes to the number or structure of chromosomes are called chromosomal mutations. Which of the following is NOT a type of chromosomal mutation?

a)

deletion

b)

duplication

c)

inversion

d)

translation

92.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

93.

A permanent change in the DNA sequence

which can affect a single gene or group of genes

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Somatic Cell

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Gene Mutation

94.

A substitution mutation that has no effect

on amino acids sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

95.

Condition caused by nondisjunction at pair 21 during meiosis.

Individuals have an extra chromosome

at pair 21, or a total of 47 chromosomes.

Also called Trisomy 21.

a)

Cystic Fibrosis

b)

Translocation

c)

Hemophilia

d)

Down Syndrome

96.

Analyzes the inheritability of Sickle Cell Anemia,

a recessive trait that must be passed on

from both parents.

a)

Nondisjunction Punnett Square

b)

Hemophilia Punnett Sqaure

c)

Cyctic Fibrosis Punnett Square

d)

Sickle Cell Anemia Punnett Square

97.
A type of substitution in which no  amino acids change is called 
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
98.
mRNA is read in chunks of three, called...
a)
quadralets
b)
anticodons
c)
codons
d)
capsids
99.

What type of mutation is shown?

a)

Point Mutation

b)

Trisomy

c)

Monosomy

d)

Gene Translocation

100.

A point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence is known as a(n) ____________ mutation.

a)

Frameshift

b)

Nondisjunction

c)

Inversion

d)

Silent

101.

How many chromosomes does a person with trisomy 18 have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

47

d)

22

102.

What is the following image show?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Genotypic Ratios

c)

Chromosomal Mutations

d)

Sickle Cell

103.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

a)

O2, glucose

b)

CO2, Glucose

c)

H2O, CO2, ATP

d)

H2O, O2, Glucose

104.

Where does the Carbon in glucose( C6H12O6C_6H_{12}O_6 ) come from?

a)

Water

b)

The Soil

c)

Carbon Dioxide

d)

Oxygen

105.
Which of the following add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
a)
volcanoes
b)
combustion of fossil fuels
c)
animal and plant respiration
d)
all of these
106.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
107.

Which process contributes carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

a)

respiration

b)

photosynthesis

c)

tree farms

108.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
109.

Respiration is the process by which animals take in _____ and release _____ to make energy. 

a)
photosynthesis, air
b)
carbon, oxygen
c)
oxygen
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
110.

Choose all the items made out of carbon

a)

Food

b)

Animals

c)

Plants

d)

Tennis Racket

e)

Pretty much everything

111.

What do 'plants' do with the carbon they receive?

a)

They turn it into water

b)

They don't need carbon

c)

They turn it into food by photosynthesis

d)

They keep it forever

112.

How does carbon get from animals and back into the atmosphere? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Respiration (breathing)

b)

After they die, they are broken down by decomposers

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

None of these

113.

How do animals get carbon?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

They absorb it from the atmosphere

c)

The sun

d)

They eat other plants and animals

114.

What is CO2?

a)

Air

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon Dioxide

d)

Dioxide

115.

All things are made out of carbon or need carbon to live.

a)

True

b)

False

116.

How is carbon recycled?

a)

The carbon cycle

b)

At the recycle plant

c)

It can't be recycled

d)

Through water

117.

What are the top things that contribute to global warming? (Choose more than one)

a)

Cow Farts

b)

Burning Gas in cars and factories

c)

Cutting down Trees

d)

Solar Power

118.

What are some ways we can fight global warming? (Choose all that apply)

a)

Eat chicken instead of beef

b)

Plant trees

c)

Recycle

d)

Tell others to help fight

119.

Eye color, hair color, having freckles, etc. are examples of:

a)

DNA

b)

Chromosomes

c)

Genes

d)

Traits

120.

Humans have 22 chromosomes in all. They inherit 11 from one parent and 11 from the other.

a)

true

b)

false

121.

This model can be used as evidence to support which claim?

a)

Proteins are found inside of chromosomes and chromosomes make up proteins.

b)

DNA makes up the majority of a cell and contributes to the functions of chromosomes.

c)

Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of all cells and they contain long strands of DNA and proteins.

122.

Which option gives the best definition of the word phenotype?

a)

The word phenotype describes an organism's physical features, related to their genotype that we can actually see.

b)

The word phenotype describes an organisms genetic make up in letters.

c)

The word phenotype describes an organisms ability to pass it's genetic material down to it's offspring.

123.

Genes are found within bands of DNA. Which sentence best describes the function of a gene.

a)

Genes create more DNA for the organism to use later.

b)

Genes create instructions that tell cells which proteins to make.

c)

Genes create chromosomes for organisms to pass down to their offspring.

124.

Which of the following caused this snake to have two heads?

a)

A cross between two types of snakes.

b)

A cell in it's body.

c)

A genetic mutation.

125.

Select all of the examples of genotypes.

a)

Gg

b)

Green Eyes

c)

DD

d)

dd

e)

Black Hair

126.

Humans have 22 chromosomes in all. They inherit 11 from one parent and 11 from the other.

a)

true

b)

false

127.

This model can be used as evidence to support which claim?

a)

Proteins are found inside of chromosomes and chromosomes make up proteins.

b)

DNA makes up the majority of a cell and contributes to the functions of chromosomes.

c)

Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of all cells and they contain long strands of DNA and proteins.

128.

Genes are found within bands of DNA. Which sentence best describes the function of a gene.

a)

Genes create more DNA for the organism to use later.

b)

Genes create instructions that tell cells which proteins to make.

c)

Genes create chromosomes for organisms to pass down to their offspring.

129.

Which option gives the best definition of the word phenotype?

a)

The word phenotype describes an organism's physical features, related to their genotype that we can actually see.

b)

The word phenotype describes an organisms genetic make up in letters.

c)

The word phenotype describes an organisms ability to pass it's genetic material down to it's offspring.

130.

Which of the following caused this snake to have two heads?

a)

A cross between two types of snakes.

b)

A cell in it's body.

c)

A genetic mutation.

131.

Select all of the examples of genotypes.

a)

Gg

b)

Green Eyes

c)

DD

d)

dd

e)

Black Hair

132.

This model best shows...

a)

A DNA sequence with a possible mutated gene.

b)

A DNA sequence with more than one chromosome.

c)

A DNA sequence with normal genes.

133.

Which genetic disorder is a recessive trait that causes skin with no pigmentation?

a)

Huntington's Disease

b)

Sickle Cell

c)

Albinism

134.

_________________ is the genetic makeup or combination of alleles in an organism.

a)

The phenotype

b)

The genotype

135.

Select all of the examples of traits:

a)

Hair color

b)

Being tall or short

c)

Chromosomes

d)

Having a good report card.

e)

Having 6 fingers.

136.

Zenobia's mother and father have brown eyes. Which of the following statements is true about Zenobia's eyes?

a)

Zenobia probably has blue eyes.

b)

Zenobia probably has brown eyes.

c)

Zenobia probably has green eyes.

137.

Select the most accurate claim about chromosomes, genes and DNA.

a)

Chromosomes, genes and DNA work together inside of the cells of organisms.

b)

Chromosomes hold DNA.

c)

Chromosomes are made up of long strands of DNA which contain segments of genes.

d)

Genes are found inside of segments of DNA strands.

138.

All organisms get ___________ of their chromosomes from each of their parents.

a)

12\frac{1}{2}

b)

11\frac{1}{1}

c)

13\frac{1}{3}

139.

All of these rabbits have the same parents. Which statement gives the best explanation as to why they're different colors?

a)

This isn't actually possible.

b)

They're different colors because they all have different genes.

c)

They're different colors because their parents are different colors.

d)

They're different colors because their parents are different colors or carriers of a gene for a different color.

140.
What is a gene?
a)
A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into
b)
something inside the nucleus
c)
a piece of DNA
d)
all of your DNA
141.
What is a genotype? 
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
142.
What is a gene?
a)
An entire chromosome that  codes for a trait
b)
a piece of clothing
c)
a piece of a DNA on chromosome that codes for a trait
d)
Chemical messengers in your brain that code for a trait
143.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
water to rain
c)
parents to offspring
d)
fungi to protists
144.
What did Mendel call the two kinds of traits exhibited by the pea plants (one coming from the father, one from the mother)?
a)
Genesis
b)
Elective traits
c)
Alleles
d)
Quadrants
145.

Bundled up, organized DNA is called a

a)

gene

b)

trait

c)

chromosome

d)

nucleotide

146.

How many chromosomes do human cells have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

44

147.
What does DNA do?
a)
a.  It carries genetic codes from parents to offspring.
b)
a.  It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body.
c)
a.  It tells you who you are.
d)
a.  It defines the organism.
148.
The process that produces sex cells is called ____________.
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
interphase
d)
chromosomes
149.

In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is ____.

a)

23

b)

46

c)

69

d)

92

150.

In Anaphase I, the _________ are separated by the pulling of the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell.

a)

homologous pairs of chromosomes

b)

sister chromatids

c)

centromeres

d)

centrosomes

151.

The products of MEIOSIS have _______ number of chromosomes.

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

152.

If an organism has 24 chromosomes in a body cell, how many will each daughter cell have at the end of meiosis?

a)

6

b)

12

c)

23

d)

24

153.

How many cell divisions does meiosis have?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

154.

How many daughter cells does meiosis produce?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

155.

On a scale of 1-4, how are you feeling today?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

156.

Cell that contains half the number of chromosomes

a)

Haploid cells

b)

Somatic cells

c)

Diploid cells

d)

Prokaryotic cells

157.

Cell division in eukaryotic cells that creates sex cells

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Binary Fission

d)

Fertilization

158.

Cells that contain a full set of chromosomes

a)

Haploid cells

b)

Diploid cells

c)

Viruses

d)

Gametes

159.

One form of a gene

a)

Chromosome

b)

Allele

c)

Phenotype

d)

Genotype

160.
Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel electrophoresis?
a)
It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing
b)
It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample
c)
It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster
d)
It charges the DNA strands
161.
In gel electrophoresis, the largest DNA fragment will appear
a)
closest to the starting wells
b)
farthest from the starting wells
c)
three quarters away from the starting wells
d)
it depends on how many fragments there are
162.
Which suspect is likely guilty?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
163.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
164.
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
a)
helps cut DNA
b)
count the genes in DNA
c)
separates DNA based on size
d)
allows for an exact replicated organism
165.
What applications can gel electrophoresis be used for?
a)
Parental Testing
b)
Criminal Investigations
c)
Sequence Endangered Species DNA
d)
All of the above
166.
Why do bacteria have restriction enzymes?
a)
To prevent being infected by viruses
b)
To help DNA get into the cell
c)
To be able to grow in an incubator
d)
They don't - viruses have restriction enzymes
167.
What applications can gel electrophoresis be used for?
a)
Parental Testing
b)
Criminal Investigations
c)
Sequence Endangered Species DNA
d)
All of the above
168.

This laboratory procedure is known as

a)

CLONING

b)

gel electrophoresis

c)

chromatography

d)

use of a dichotomous key

169.

A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram

below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are

a)

larger, and move slower

b)

larger, and move faster

c)

smaller, and move faster

d)

smaller, and move slower

170.

Which chemicals are used to cut DNA into fragments for a gel electrophoresis procedure?

a)

enzymes

b)

molecular bases

c)

hormones

d)

ATP molecules

171.
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
a)
helps cut DNA
b)
count the genes in DNA
c)
separates DNA based on size
d)
allows for an exact replicated organism
172.
In gel electrophoresis, the largest DNA fragment will appear
a)
closest to the starting wells
b)
farthest from the starting wells
c)
three quarters away from the starting wells
d)
it depends on how many fragments there are
173.

Once DNA has been extracted from the nucleus of a cell, it is exposed to ______ ______ that act like biochemical scissors to cut the DNA.

a)

restriction enzymes

b)

gel agarose

c)

clotting factors

d)

electric shock

174.
Which two bat species are most closely related?
a)
 Bat 1 and Bat 2
b)
Bat 1 and Bat 3
c)
Bat 2 and Bat 3
d)
There’s no way to tell
175.
During gel electrophoresis, DNA moves from the ___ end to the ___ end.
a)
positive, negative
b)
negative, positive
176.
This cuts DNA at specific sequences
a)
Plasmid
b)
Recombinant DNA
c)
Restriction enzyme
d)
Gel electrophoresis
177.
The process when an electrical current is used to separate a mixture of DNA is called
a)
Recombinant DNA
b)
Plasmid
c)
Gel electrophoresis
d)
Restriction enzyme
178.
Characteristics that are encoded in DNA and inherited from an organisms parents.
a)
genetic traits
b)
nuclues
c)
chromosomes
d)
cells
179.

How do restriction enzymes "know" where to cut DNA

a)

A specific sequence of nucleotides

b)

They cut randomly

c)

Distance from the centromere

180.
DNA codes for...
a)
bases
b)
proteins
c)
amino acids
d)
phosphates
181.
Which suspect is linked to the crime scene by this DNA analysis
a)
Suspect A
b)
Suspect C
c)
Suspect D
d)
Suspect B
182.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
183.
B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
184.
In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform the following cross: Tt x Tt. What is the probability of producing a short plant?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
185.
What is the probability of heterozygous offspring?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
100%
186.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
187.
B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
188.
In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform the following cross: Tt x Tt. What is the probability of producing a short plant?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
189.
What is the probability of heterozygous offspring?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
100%
190.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
191.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
192.
What is the phenotype of the offspring? (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair) 
a)
50 % Brown Hair and 50% Blond Hair 
b)
25 % Brown Hair and 75% Blond Hair 
c)
75 % Brown Hair and 25% Blond Hair 
d)
0% Brown Hair and 100% Blond Hair 
193.
A homozygous dominant brown mouse is crossed with a heterozygous brown mouse (tan is the recessive color). 
a)
100 % tan
b)
100 % brown 
c)
50 % brown and 50% tan 
d)
75 % brown and 25 % tan 
194.

If a heterozygous parent and a homozygous recessive parent mate, what percentage of their offspring will be dominant?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

195.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
196.
Heterozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
197.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both 
198.
Scientific questions have to be...
a)
Measurable 
b)
Easy
c)
Interesting
199.

Which question is a scientific question?

a)

Why is it foggy?

b)

Is it more likely to be foggy after a drizzling rain or a thunderstorm?

c)

What is fog?

d)

How can I draw a picture of fog with colored pencils?

200.

Jill is testing the effect of caffeine on the breathing rate of betta fish. She sets up two fish tanks with identical conditions. She places 10 betta fish in each tank. She adds caffeine to one tank and nothing to the other tank. She then counts the operculum plate movement per minute for the fish in each tank.

What scientific question is the above experiment attempting to answer?

a)

What effect does caffeine have on betta fish?

b)

Will caffeine affect the heart rate of betta fish?

c)

Does caffeine affect the breathing rate of betta fish?

d)

Is the amount of caffeine affected by the betta fish?

201.

John believes the water plant Elodea will produce more oxygen when placed closer to a light source. He places four Elodea plants of the same height at varying distances from a lamp: 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters, and 4 meters. The plants are in identical aquariums with a beaker placed over each plant. The oxygen content inside the beaker is measured after each plant sits for 8 hours.

Which question best describes John's experiment?

a)

Does the amount of oxygen affect the amount of light needed by the plant?

b)

Does a plant produce more oxygen when it is placed closer to a light source?

c)

How does the type of plant affect the oxygen produced when placed by a lamp?

d)

Will the light affect how much the Elodea plant grows when placed in the light?

202.

Ryan wants to test which cleats enable him to run the fastest. Which question is the proper scientific question?

a)

"Which cleats will help me run faster?"

b)

"Which brand of cleats will enable Ryan to run the fastest time in 100 meters?"

c)

"Do different brands of cleats affect running speed?"

d)

"Which brand of cleats helps Ryan run better?"

203.

What is the best bubble I can make?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

204.

Does food coloring affect how big a bubble is when blown?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

205.
Scientific questions have to be...
a)
Measurable 
b)
Easy
c)
Interesting
206.

Which question is a scientific question?

a)

Why is it foggy?

b)

Is it more likely to be foggy after a drizzling rain or a thunderstorm?

c)

What is fog?

d)

How can I draw a picture of fog with colored pencils?

207.

Jill is testing the effect of caffeine on the breathing rate of betta fish. She sets up two fish tanks with identical conditions. She places 10 betta fish in each tank. She adds caffeine to one tank and nothing to the other tank. She then counts the operculum plate movement per minute for the fish in each tank.

What scientific question is the above experiment attempting to answer?

a)

What effect does caffeine have on betta fish?

b)

Will caffeine affect the heart rate of betta fish?

c)

Does caffeine affect the breathing rate of betta fish?

d)

Is the amount of caffeine affected by the betta fish?

208.

John believes the water plant Elodea will produce more oxygen when placed closer to a light source. He places four Elodea plants of the same height at varying distances from a lamp: 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters, and 4 meters. The plants are in identical aquariums with a beaker placed over each plant. The oxygen content inside the beaker is measured after each plant sits for 8 hours.

Which question best describes John's experiment?

a)

Does the amount of oxygen affect the amount of light needed by the plant?

b)

Does a plant produce more oxygen when it is placed closer to a light source?

c)

How does the type of plant affect the oxygen produced when placed by a lamp?

d)

Will the light affect how much the Elodea plant grows when placed in the light?

209.

Ryan wants to test which cleats enable him to run the fastest. Which question is the proper scientific question?

a)

"Which cleats will help me run faster?"

b)

"Which brand of cleats will enable Ryan to run the fastest time in 100 meters?"

c)

"Do different brands of cleats affect running speed?"

d)

"Which brand of cleats helps Ryan run better?"

210.

What is the best bubble I can make?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

211.

Does food coloring affect how big a bubble is when blown?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

212.

What types of apples grow in Missouri?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

213.

Does the temperature of a classroom affect student test grades?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

214.

Why do people smoke?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

215.

Does talking to a plant affect a plant’s growth height?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/ measurable question

216.

Where are whales found in the world?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

217.

Which planet is the most interesting one to study?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

218.

Do larger seeds grow taller flowers?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

219.

Do flying saucers really exist?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

220.

Does the color of a surface(when outside) affect its temperature?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

221.

Does doing homework every night lead to higher test scores?

a)

testable/measurable question

b)

non-testable/measurable question

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