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Sonographic Physics Chapter 4

Total questions: 158

Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How many pulse waves are there?

a)

2 MHz

b)

2 Hz

c)

2 waves

d)

2 μs

2.

How many pulse waves are there?

a)

4 MHz

b)

4 Hz

c)

4 waves

d)

4 μs

3.

How many pulse waves are there?

a)

6 MHz

b)

6 Hz

c)

6 waves

d)

6 μs

4.

What does PRF stand for?

a)

Pulse recognizing frequency

b)

Pulse repetition frequency

c)

Power repetition frequency

d)

Power recognizing frequency

5.

What does PRP mean?

a)

Pulse repetition power

b)

Power repetition period

c)

Pulse repetition period

d)

Pressure repetition power

6.

What does SPL mean?

a)

Spiritual power length

b)

Spatial pulse length

c)

Spatial power length

d)

Speed power length

7.

What does PD mean?

a)

Power Duration

b)

Period Duration

c)

Pulse Duration

d)

Pulsed Duration

8.

What does DF mean?

a)

Different frequencies

b)

Duty Factor

c)

Duty Frequencies

d)

Different flows

9.

What does on-time mean?

a)

Transmitting, sending time

b)

Transmitting, listening time

c)

Receiving, sending time

d)

Receiving, listening time

10.

What does off- time mean?

a)

Transmitting, sending time

b)

Transmitting, listening time

c)

Receiving, sending time

d)

Receiving, listening time

11.

In diagnostic ultrasound, what kind of wave can't create anatomic images?

a)

Pulsed wave

b)

Continuous wave

c)

Color Wave

d)

Doppler Wave

12.

What kind of system produces a short bursts of acoustic energy to create every picture of anatomy?

a)

Imaging

b)

Non-stop

c)

On-time

d)

Off-time

13.

Images are created only be using__

a)

pulses

b)

gel

c)

transducer

d)

doppler

14.

What is a group of sound waves that travel together?

a)

In-phase

b)

Constructive Interference

c)

Interference

d)

Pulse

15.

A wave is a __ cycle

a)

group

b)

single

c)

one

d)

two

16.

A pulse is a __ cycle

a)

single

b)

group

c)

one

d)

two

17.

A wave has what parameters?

a)

Frequency

Period

Amplitude

b)

Frequency

Speed of Sound

Amplitude

c)

Amplitude

Period

Wavelength

d)

Frequency

Period

Wavelength

18.

A pulse has what parameters?

a)

Speed

Amplitude

Wavelength

b)

Frequency

Period

Wavelength

c)

Period

Speed

Amplitude

d)

Power

Amplitude

Speed

19.

True or False

A pulse has a beginning and an end.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

True or False

Pulse is a group of cycles that don't travel together

a)

True

b)

False

21.

Even though a pulse is made up of individual cycles, the entire pulse moves as a ___

a)

group unit

b)

single unit

c)

wave unit

d)

speed unit

22.

What is A?

a)

On-time

b)

Off-time

c)

Period

d)

Wavelength

23.

What is B?

a)

On-time

b)

Off-time

c)

Period

d)

Length

24.

What is A?

a)

Transmitting time

b)

Receive time

c)

Period

d)

Wavelength

25.

What is B?

a)

Transmitting time

b)

Receiving time

c)

Period

d)

Length

26.

Time from start of a pulse to the end of the pulse.

a)

PD

b)

DF

c)

PRF

d)

PRP

27.

This is a single transmit, talking or "on" time only!

a)

DF

b)

PD

c)

SPL

d)

PRP

28.

What is the name for the units, microsecond (μsec), ms, sec?

a)

PRF

b)

PRP

c)

DF

d)

PD

29.

What is Pulse Duration determined by

a)

Sound source

b)

Medium

c)

Sound waves

d)

On-time

30.

True or False

Pulse Duration is adjustable.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

What is the typical values for pulse duration?

a)

0.2 to 2.0 μs

b)

0.1 to 1.0 μs

c)

0.3 to 2.0 μs

d)

0.4 to 3.0 μs

32.

What is the name of this wave?

a)

Pulse Duration

b)

Spatial Pulse Length

c)

Pulse Repetition Period

d)

Pulse Repetition Frequency

33.

What does "n" stand for?

a)

wavelength

b)

how many

c)

one wave

d)

multiple waves

34.

In a pulse, "n" equals

a)

# of cycles in each wave

b)

# of cycles in each pulse

c)

# of cycles in each group

d)

# of cycles in each duration

35.

# cycles x period (μs) =

a)

PD

b)

PRF

c)

PRP

d)

DF

36.

nT=

a)

PD

b)

PRF

c)

PRP

d)

DF

37.

1/frequency=

a)

period

b)

PD

c)

pulse

d)

PRP

38.

# cycles/ frequency (MHz)=

(n/f)=

a)

PD

b)

PRF

c)

PRP

d)

DF

39.

True or False

Short PD's aren't desirable

a)

True

b)

False

40.

Using a higher frequency, and reduce the cycles in each pulse are two ways to

a)

increase the PD

b)

decrease the PD

c)

increase the PRF

d)

decrease the PRF

41.

Modern US machines produce pulses with how many cycles/pulse?

a)

1-3

b)

2-4

c)

3-5

d)

2-5

42.

Pulse duration is directly proportional to the__ of cycles in the pulse

a)

wavelength

b)

number

c)

waves

d)

frequency

43.

Pulse duration is directly proportional to the

a)

frequency

b)

period

c)

wavelength

d)

power

44.

Pulse duration is inversely proportional to the

a)

period

b)

frequency

c)

power

d)

wavelength

45.

Many cycles in the pulse or individual cycles with long period describe the

a)

short duration

b)

long duration

c)

short PD

d)

long PD

46.

Few cycles in the pulse or individual cycles with short periods describe

a)

long duration

b)

short duration

c)

short PD

d)

long PD

47.

Distance occupied by a pulse

a)

DF

b)

PD

c)

SPL

d)

PRP

48.

The length of the Spatial Pulse Length is only?

a)

On-time

b)

Off-time

c)

frequency

d)

period

49.

True or False

The SPL is the distance that a pulse occupies in space from the start to the end of the pulse.

a)

True

b)

False

50.

What is the name of the units distance, cm, mm

a)

PRP

b)

PRF

c)

DF

d)

SPL

51.

How can the SPL be determined?

a)

Source

b)

Medium

c)

pulse

d)

Both source and medium

52.

What is the typical range of the SPL?

a)

0.1 to 0.5 mm

b)

0.1 to 1.0 mm

c)

0.2 to 2.0 mm

d)

0.2 to 1.0 mm

53.

True or False

SPL is not adjustable

a)

True

b)

False

54.

What is the name of the wave?

a)

SPL

b)

DF

c)

PD

d)

PRF

55.

# cycles x wavelength=

(nλ)=

a)

SPL

b)

PD

c)

DF

d)

PRP

56.

True or False

Short SPL's aren't desirable

a)

True

b)

False

57.

SPL is directly proportional to the number of cycles in the

a)

wavelength

b)

pulse

c)

period

d)

frequency

58.

SPL is directly proportional to

a)

wavelength

b)

period

c)

frequency

d)

speed

59.

SPL is inversely proportional to

a)

wavelength

b)

period

c)

frequency

d)

pulse

60.

Increasing frequency and have fewer cycles per pulse does what to the pulse?

a)

shortens

b)

remains the same

c)

longer

d)

taller

61.

Many cycles in the pulse, and cycles with longer wavelengths are describing

a)

long pulses

b)

short pulses

c)

on-time

d)

off-time

62.

Fewer cycles in the pulse and cycles with shorter wavelengths are described as

a)

long pulses

b)

short pulses

c)

on-time

d)

off-time

63.

The number of pulses transmitted in 1 second.

a)

PRF

b)

PRP

c)

PD

d)

DF

64.

What is the name of the units, Hz, per second

a)

PRP

b)

PRF

c)

PD

d)

DF

65.

How is PRF determined?

a)

Sound source

b)

Medium

c)

Pulse

d)

Waves

66.

Can PRF be adjusted?

a)

Yes, by frequency

b)

Yes, by depth

c)

No

d)

Yes, by gain

67.

What is the typical values of PRF?

a)

1,000 to 10,000 kHz

b)

1,000 to 10,000 MHz

c)

1,000 to 10,000 Hz

d)

1,000 to 10,000 μs

68.

When the system is imaging shallow, the PRF is

a)

higher

b)

lower

c)

taller

d)

shorter

69.

When the system is imaging deep, the PRF is

a)

longer

b)

shorter

c)

higher

d)

lower

70.

PRF and depth of view are__ related

a)

directly

b)

indirectly

c)

inversely

71.

As depth of view increases, PRF

a)

decreases

b)

increases

c)

stays the same

72.

As depth of view decreases, PRF

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

73.

What is the name of this wave?

a)

PRP

b)

PRF

c)

PD

d)

SPL

74.

The time from the start of one pulse to the start of the next pulse

a)

PRF

b)

PRP

c)

PD

d)

SPL

75.

What is the name of the units, time and ms

a)

PRP

b)

PRF

c)

PD

d)

SPL

76.

The typical value for PRP is

a)

10 μs to 1 ms

b)

100 μs to 1 ms

c)

1 μs to 10 ms

d)

100 μs to 10 ms

77.

True or False

1 on time + 1 off time or

1 transmit time + 1 receive time

a)

True

b)

False

78.

What is PRP determined by?

a)

Sound source

b)

Medium

c)

Pulse

d)

Wavelengths

79.

True or False

PRP isn't adjustable

a)

True

b)

False

80.

When the system is imaging at shallow depths, the time from one pulse to the next is

a)

long

b)

short

c)

tall

d)

small

81.

When the system is imaging more deeply, the time from one pulse to the next is

a)

longer

b)

shorter

c)

tall

d)

smaller

82.

True or False

PRP is unrelated to period. It is related only to depth of view

a)

True

b)

False

83.

When you adjust your depth in the PRP, you change the __ time

a)

off

b)

on

84.

PRP and imaging depth are __ related

a)

directly

b)

indirectly

c)

inversely

85.

As depth of view increases, PRP

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

86.

As depth of view decreases, PRP

a)

decreases

b)

increases

c)

stays the same

87.

Transmit time is called

a)

PD

b)

On-time

c)

Off-time

d)

PRP

88.

With deeper imaging, the listening time and the PRP is

a)

lengthen

b)

shorten

c)

taller

d)

smaller

89.

With shallower imaging, the listening time and the PRP is

a)

lengthen

b)

shorten

c)

taller

d)

smaller

90.

What is the name of this wave?

a)

PRF

b)

PRP

c)

PD

d)

SPL

91.

What is A?

a)

Deep imaging

b)

Shallow imaging

c)

Longer length

d)

Shorter length

92.

What is B?

a)

Deep Imaging

b)

Shallow Imaging

c)

Longer length

d)

Shorter length

93.

PRP and PRF are __ related to each other.

a)

directly

b)

indirectly

c)

inversely

94.

A longer PRP results in __ PRF

a)

lower

b)

higher

c)

taller

d)

shorter

95.

A shorter PRP results in a __ PRF.

a)

lower

b)

higher

c)

taller

d)

smaller

96.

When we increase the depth, we are increasing the

a)

transmitting time

b)

receiving time

c)

frequency

d)

period

97.

The machine collects echoes coming from __ tissues.

a)

deep

b)

shallow

c)

echogenic

d)

echopenic

98.

True or False

When you change the depth, you change the listening time, not the pulse

a)

True

b)

False

99.

PRP and PRF have a special relationship called

a)

reciprocal

b)

direclty

c)

indirectly

d)

inversely

100.

1/PRP=

a)

PRF

b)

PD

c)

SPL

d)

DF

101.

1/PRF=

a)

PRP

b)

SPL

c)

DF

d)

PD

102.

PRF x PRP=

a)

0

b)

1/2

c)

1

d)

2

103.

Which of these four values for pulse repetition frequency would have the longest pulse repetition period?

a)

2 kHz

b)

4,000 Hz

c)

6 Hz

d)

1 kHz

104.

Four pulses have pulse repetition periods as listed below. Which of the following four waves has the highest pulse repetition frequency?

a)

8 s

b)

80 ms

c)

5 ms

d)

400 ks

105.

Which of these four pulses with PRF's listed below has the shortest pulse repetition period?

a)

12 kHz

b)

6,000 Hz

c)

20 kHz

d)

1 kHz

106.

Four waves have pulse repetition periods as listed below. Which of the following four waves has the lowest pulse repetition frequency?

a)

8 s

b)

80 μs

c)

8,000 ns

d)

800 ms

107.

True or False

Two waves can have identical pulse repetition frequencies, even if their pulse repetition periods are different

a)

True

b)

False

108.

True or False

Two waves can have identical PRF's even if their periods are different

a)

True

b)

False

109.

True or False

Two waves can have identical PRF's, even if their frequencies are different.

a)

True

b)

False

110.

True or False

PRF and PRP are determined only by the imaging depth.

a)

True

b)

False

111.

The percentage or fraction of time that the system transmits a pulse is

a)

DF

b)

PD

c)

PRP

d)

PRF

112.

The shallower you scan, the __ the duty factor.

a)

Lesser

b)

Greater

c)

Deeper

d)

Shallower

113.

True or False

Duty Factor has no units, only percentages.

a)

True

b)

False

114.

What is Duty Factor determined by?

a)

Sound Source

b)

Medium

c)

Wavelength

d)

Pulse

115.

True or False

Duty Factor is adjustable when depth is altered

a)

True

b)

False

116.

What is the typical valve of Duty Factor?

a)

0.2%- 0.5%

b)

0.1%-0.5%

c)

0.2%-0.6%

d)

0.1%-0.6%

117.

pulse duration/ PRP x 100%=

a)

PRF

b)

DF

c)

SPL

118.

What is the name of this wave?

a)

PRF

b)

DF

c)

SPL

119.

a very small percentage of time transmitting is

a)

0.1%

b)

0.2%

c)

0.5%

d)

0.3%

120.

a very large percentage of time receiving is

a)

99.9%

b)

99.8%

c)

99.5%

d)

99.0%

121.

What is the percentage of a continous wave?

a)

100%

b)

0%

c)

50%

d)

75%

122.

What is A?

a)

Deep

b)

Shallow

c)

Short

d)

Long

123.

What is B?

a)

Deep

b)

Shallow

c)

Short

d)

Long

124.

Duty Factor is ___ related to depth

a)

directly

b)

indirectly

c)

inversely

d)

reciprocal

125.

Shallowing Imaging includes

a)

Less listening

Longer PRP

Higher PRF

Lower DF

b)

More listening

Shorter PRP

Lower PRF

Lower DF

c)

More listening

Longer PRP

Lower PRF

Higher DF

d)

Less listening

Shorter PRP

Higher PRF

Higher DF

126.

Deep imaging includes

a)

Less listening

Shorter PRP

Higher PRF

Higher DF

b)

Less listening

Shorter PRP

Lower PRF

Higher DF

c)

More listening

Longer PRP

Lower PRF

Lower DP

d)

More listening

Longer PRP

Higher PRF

Lower DP

127.

By adjusting the depth you change the

a)

PRP, PRF, off-time and DF

b)

PRP, PD, PRP and DF

c)

PRF, SPL, on-time and DF

d)

PD, SPL, on-time and PRF

128.

What is apart of the design of the transducer and can't be changed.

a)

PD and PRP

b)

SPL and PRF

c)

PD and SPL

d)

PRF and PRP

129.

If all other factors remain unchanged, what happens to the DF when the pulse repetition frequency increases?

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

130.

If all other factors remain unchanged, what happens to the DF when imaging depth increases?

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

131.

If all other factors remain unchanged, what happens to the DF when the PRP increases?

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

132.

If all other factors remain unchanged, what happens to the DF when the sonographer uses a new transducer with a longer pulse duration?

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

133.

What is the DF if the pulse duration is 1 μs and the PRP is 1 ms?

a)

100%

b)

0.1

c)

0.01

d)

0.001

134.

Which of the following terms doesn't belong with others?

a)

high duty factor

b)

shallow imaging

c)

low PRF

d)

short PRP

135.

Which of the following terms doesn't belong with the others?

a)

low duty factor

b)

shallow imaging

c)

low PRF

d)

long PRP

136.

___ is the time from the start of a pulse to the end of that pulse.

a)

PD

b)

PRF

c)

PRP

d)

SPL

137.

___ is the time from the start of a pulse to the start of the next pulse.

a)

PD

b)

SPL

c)

PRF

d)

PRP

138.

PRF is the reciprocal of ___

a)

PD

b)

SPL

c)

PRP

d)

DF

139.

By changing the image depth, which of the following does the operator also change (more than 1 may be correct)?

a)

PRF

b)

DF

c)

SPL

d)

PRP

140.

The speed of a 5 MHz continuous wave is 1.8 km/sec. The wave is then pulsed with a DF of 0.5. Calculate the new propagation speed.

a)

0.9 km/s

b)

3.6 km/s

c)

1.8 km/s

d)

2.3 km/s

141.

What is the DF if the PD is 1 μs and the PRP is 1 ms?

a)

1

b)

0.1

c)

0.01

d)

0.001

142.

What is the DF if the PD is 1 millisecond, and the PRP is 1 second?

a)

1

b)

0.1

c)

0.01

d)

0.001

143.

What is the DF for A?

a)

100%

b)

33%

c)

0%

d)

50%

144.

What is the DF for B?

a)

100%

b)

33%

c)

0%

d)

50%

145.

What is the DF for C?

a)

100%

b)

33%

c)

0%

d)

50%

146.

What is the DF for D?

a)

100%

b)

33%

c)

0%

d)

50%

147.

Which of the patterns indicates a system with a superficial imaging depth?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

148.

Which of the patterns indicates a system with a deep imaging depth?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

149.

Which two of the patterns identify an ultrasound system that can't perform anatomic imaging?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

150.

Which of the following describes line A?

a)

Frequency

b)

PRP

c)

Period

d)

Pulse duration

151.

Which of the following describes line A?

a)

Frequency

b)

PRP

c)

Period

d)

SPL

152.

Which of the following describes line B?

a)

Frequency

b)

Amplitude

c)

DF

d)

PD

153.

Which of the following describes line C?

a)

Frequency

b)

PRP

c)

Period

d)

PD

154.

Which of the following describes line D?

a)

Frequency

b)

PRP

c)

Period

d)

PD

155.

Which of the following describes line D?

a)

Frequency

b)

PRP

c)

Wavelength

d)

DF

156.

Which of the following describes line E?

a)

Period

b)

PRP

c)

DF

d)

None of the above

157.

Which of the following describes line F?

a)

Peak-to-peak amplitude

b)

Frequency

c)

Amplitude

d)

Period

158.

Which of the following best describes the DF?

a)

E x F

b)

A/C

c)

D/E

d)

A x B

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