focused on diplomacy rather than political policy, ideological or ethical considerations

period of eased tensions and improved relations between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

President Richard Nixon's method used to attract southern democrats that were unhappy about civil rights slowing integration.

political philosophy aimed at decentralizing federal power by shifting responsibilities and resources to state and local governments.

“Plumbers” that broke into Democratic headquarters in the Watergate Hotel and were caught were apart of this

The most lasting effect of Watergate

a scandal in which officials in the Reagan administration sold arms to Iran to help gain the release of U.S. hostages and sent money from the arms sales to the Contras in Nicaragua

a decision to allow a person to be relieved of some or all of the legal consequences resulting from a criminal conviction.

A speech given by Cater where he attempted to tell people what they were doing wrong and about the looming energy crisis

Iranian militants stormed the US Embassy in Tehran and took approximately seventy Americans captive, triggering the most profound crisis of the Carter presidency that lasted 444 days.

Resigned as Vice President in 1973 after pleading no contest to charges of tax evasion stemming from a bribery and corruption investigation during his time as Maryland governor

Peace treaty, facilitated by President Jimmy Carter, between Israel and Egypt.

a disaster that occurred when a nuclear power plant suffered a partial meltdown, allowing radioactive gases to escape into the atmosphere and highlighting the potential danger of nuclear power plants

Based on the principles of supply-side economics and the trickle-down theory, this economic theory proposed that decreases in taxes, especially for corporations, stimulate economic growth, and if the expenses of corporations are reduced, the savings then "trickle down" to the rest of the economy, spurring overall growth.

This allowed the President to nominate a new Vice President with the permission of Congress

A formal process in which a sitting government official is charged with misconduct and may be removed from office if convicted.

an arms program announced by President Ronald Reagan to create a “missile shield” designed to protect the United States from nuclear attack

a movement in the United States and Western Europe calling for a halt on the production, testing, and deployment of nuclear weapons by the superpowers

political scandal where the president's administration tried to cover up a break-in at the Democratic Party headquarters, leading to his resignation.

President during military operation to invade Grenada launched to overthrow a Marxist regime, protect American citizens, and restore a pro-Western government.

Attempted to help the nation move past the Watergate scandal and avoid a prolonged legal battle by pardoning Nixon.

Famously challenged Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to promote freedom by urging, "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!"

President who warned against self-indulgence and consumption to the American people during his televised “Crisis of Confidence” speech

President who encouraged Americans to voluntarily reduce spending and conserve energy to combat inflation with his "Whip Inflation Now" campaign.

President who fired over 11,000 striking federal air traffic controllers, asserting that government employees could not strike against the public safety.

In a press conference, declared, "I am not a crook," insisting he had not profited illegally from his time in public service

President who brokered a 1978 peace agreement between Egypt and Israel that led to Egypt officially recognizing Israel.

President who proposed a U.S. missile defense system intended to protect against nuclear attacks by using ground- and space-based technologies, often nicknamed "Star Wars."

President who protested the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan by boycotting the Olympics and trade with the USSR

President during the political scandal in the 1980s where U.S. officials secretly sold arms to Iran and used the proceeds to fund rebel groups in Nicaragua.

President during a partial meltdown of a nuclear reactor in Pennsylvania, causing widespread fear but only a small release of radioactive gas.

President when the INF Treaty was signed, marking the first time the U.S. and Soviet Union agreed to eliminate an entire class of nuclear weapons, reducing Cold War tensions and advancing arms control.

President during the fall of Saigon and the final US withdrawal from Vietnam in 1975, managing the evacuation of American personnel and thousands of Vietnamese refugees

President who responded to the global refugee crisis by opening U.S. doors to refugees, notably from Southeast Asia and later Cuba, reflecting his humanitarian foreign policy.

After a deep recession in the early 1980s, the U.S. experienced a long period of economic growth, job creation, and lower inflation during his presidency.