Vocal music is one of the best tools for expressing one's feelings. This form of expression became more evident during the ______

In this period, The parallelisms of music and literature were clearly evident in almost all forms of vocal music

He is considered the last of the classical composers and one of the first romantic

ones

He developed lieder so that they had a powerful dramatic impact on the listeners

He tapped the poetry of writers like Johann Goethe

He was born on January 31, 1797 at Himmelpfortgrund, Austria

His famous vocal music works/ Lieder were:

"Gretchen am Spinnrade",

"Erlkonig❞

"Ellens Gesang III" ("Ave Maria")

"Schwanenge sang" ("Swan Song").

He wrote piano pieces, string quartets, operetta and the Symphony No.8 in B minor (“Unfinished Symphony")

He was Born in Parma, Italy on October 9, 1813

He studied in Busseto and later went to Milan where his first opera "Oberto" was performed in La Scala, the most important opera house at the time.

Almost all of his works are serious love story with unhappy ending

His characters are neither stock roles nor symbols like those found in German operas.

He wrote operas with political overtones and for middle-class audience

He insisted on a good libretto.

Expressive vocal melody is the soul of his opera

He completed 25 operas throughout his career

His final opera ends with "All the world's a joke."

His much acclaimed works are;

La Traviata

Rigoletto

Falstaff

Otello and Aida

He was Born in a poor family on December 22, 1858 in Lucca, Italy.

He studied at the Milan Conservatory. He belonged to a group of composers who stressed realism

He drew material from everyday life, rejecting heroic themes from mythology and history.

Famous operas were:

"La Boheme"

"Tosca"

"Madame Butterfly"

"Turandot"

He was Born in Leipzig, Germany May 22, 1813

He died of a heart attack on February 13,1883

He was very much inspired by Ludwig van Beethoven.

Heexplored the limits of the traditional tonal system that gave keys and chords their identity pointing the way to the rise of a tonality in the 20th century.

He Introduced new ideas in harmony

He exerted a strong influence on the operatic medium

He was an advocate of a new form of opera which he called "music drama" where musical and dramatic elements were fused together.

He developed a compositional style in which the orchestra has of equal importance in dramatic roles as the singers themselves.

his expressiveness is aided by the use of "leitmotifs” or musical sequences standing for a particular character/plot element.

His famous works are;

Tristan and Isolde

Die Walkure

Die Meistersinger,

Tannhauser and Parsifal.

His work later influence modern film scores, including those of the Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings film series

He was registered with the legal name Alexandre-Cesar- Leopold

He was born October 25, 1838 in Paris, France

became famous for his operas. His most famous opera is "Carmen".

When this opera first opened in Paris, the reviews were terrible. The shows were criticized in horrible ways that resulted in poor audience attendance

He entered the Paris Conservatory of music at a very young age.

One of the most popular operas ever written

became increasingly popular during the Romantic period.

The book that the composer and librettist put together is called a

The text of an operra

Declamatory singing, used in the prose parts and dialogue of opera.

a classical music form composed for a solo voice

a classical music form composed for a solo voice

setting/place

main division of operra

highest female voice

most common female voice: strong middle voice, tone is darker or deeper than the soprano

lowest female voice and most unique among female

highest male voice

Middle male voice, lies between Bass and Tenor voices. It is the common male voice.

lowest male voice

one or more singers performing without instrumental accompaniment

Most comfortable singing range of a singer

Parts of singing voice where register transition occur

Sliding quickly between two notes

sweetly

Singing style

A weaker and more airy voice usually in the higher pitch ranges

Closing section appended to a movement or song

Rapidly repeated slight pitch variation during a sustained note

Head, the beginning

➤Slight speeding up or slowing down of the tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist