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WorksheetsPAP Bio: CYCLING OF MATTER & ENERGY
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 15mins
Students designed an experiment to model the carbon cycle. The students combined water & carbon dioxide-producing disks in a sealed flask. The flask represented earth's atmosphere, and the lamp represented the sun.
Which component can be added to the flask to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the model atmosphere created by the discs?
Bacteria to use carbon during nitrification.
Plants to absorb carbon in the process of photosynthesis.
Snails to use carbon through cellular respiration.
Mushrooms to absorb carbon during decomposition.
Which statement is an example of how carbon moves through a food chain as part of the carbon cycle?
Producers release carbon dioxide, and consumers take it in.
Producers take in carbon dioxide, and consumers release it.
Producers take in carbon from the soil, and they release it when they decompose.
Producers release carbon into the soil, and consumers take it in from the soil.
What would be the most likely effect of a wildfire that burned a large area of a forest?
More sugars and starches would be available for animals in the area.
The availability of fossil fuels for use by industries in the area would be reduced.
Less carbon dioxide would be removed from the atmosphere in the area by plants.
An increase in animal respiration would increase the release of carbon dioxide in the area.
As part of the nitrogen cycle, animals acquire some amino acids by doing which of the following?
Breathing air
Eating plants
Drinking water
Producing waste
Atmospheric nitrogen has to be combined with other elements, or fixed, in order to be used by plants. Lightning is one way that nitrogen is fixed. When lightning occurs, the extreme heat breaks the bonds in nitrogen molecules, allowing nitrogen to combine with oxygen and form nitrogen oxides.
In what way is most of the nitrogen fixed by lightning made available for use by plants?
It is moved by the wind to dry areas.
It is incorporated into the exoskeletons of flying insects that eat plants.
It is inhaled and exhaled by birds roosting in trees during rainstorms.
It is carried by rain into the soil.
The diagram shows the flow of organic molecules through an ecosystem. One process that occurs in this ecosystem is labeled X, and another that occurs is labeled Y.
Which two processes are identified as X and Y?
X: respiration
Y: predation
X: adaptation
Y: decomposition
X: fermentation
Y: nitrogen fixation
X: decomposition
Y: respiration
The carbon cycle includes processes that release carbon into the atmosphere and places that act as carbon reservoirs. The diagram shows both major processes that release carbon and major carbon reservoirs.
Which of these disruptions could cause an excess output in the carbon cycle?
The destruction of trees
Decrease in marine life
An reduction in the use of fossil fuels
Thickening of ocean sediments
Which of the following explains how water undergoes a change of state in one stage of the water cycle in order to move from the ocean's surface to the atmosphere?
Liquid water that is heated by the sun becomes a gas vapor and rises.
Water vapor rises as it is cooled by the ocean.
Liquid water that is heated by the sun condenses into precipitation.
Water vapor collects in droplets of fog over the ocean's surface.
The diagram shows the process of evaporation over the ocean. What is the most likely effect of this process on the land areas nearby?
Increased drought conditions.
Decreased erosion of the shoreline.
Increased precipitation.
Decreased solar radiation.
High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus can enter rivers as rainwater carries excess fertilizers from agricultural areas. Therefore, the Mississippi River often carries unnaturally high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus into the Gulf of Mexico, where the river meets the ocean. Each summer, phytoplankton, photosynthetic bacteria, and algae grow rapidly because of the increased amount of nutrients which alters the food chain and depletes the dissolved oxygen in the water. When the level of dissolved oxygen in the water is low, large seasonal dead zones can form. Organisms that depend on dissolved oxygen to survive are unable to live in those areas, hence the term "dead zone".
The nitrogen that is released into the Gulf of Mexico through agricultural runoff is used by the phytoplankton and algae to build which of the following types of macromolecules?
Proteins
Glucose
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Plant cells have a large central vacuole that holds water, which results in other cell organelles being located against the cell membrane. Which of the following best explains how being close to the cell membrane could benefit a cellular process?
Nucleotides would have more access to space in the cytosol and become more concentrated, benefitting DNA replication.
Ribosomes would have more access to space in the cytosol and make more proteins, benefitting protein synthesis.
Mitochondria would have more access to glucose to convert into ATP, benefitting cellular respiration.
Chloroplasts would have more access to light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, benefitting photosynthesis.
A model of two structures that perform cellular process is shown.
What are the products of the cellular processes in these organelles?
I: glucose and carbon dioxide
II: oxygen and water
I: carbon dioxide and oxygen
II: glucose and water
I: oxygen and glucose
II: water and carbon dioxide
I: carbon dioxide and water
II: glucose and oxygen
Which graphic organizer best compares the energy inputs and outputs of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
Which statement accurately describes the energy needs for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Solar energy is needed for cellular respiration but not for photosynthesis.
Chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for both cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
Chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for photosynthesis, and solar energy is needed for cellular respiration.
Solar energy is needed for photosynthesis, and chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for cellular respiration.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes?
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
Cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.
Label the diagram of the Hydrological (water) cycle
(note: some boxes do not have labels)
surface run-off
evaporation
condensation
transpiration
precipitation
Label the diagram of the carbon cycle
CO2 dissolved in water
feeding
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
fossilization (fossil fuels)
combustion
decomposition
Label the diagram of the nitrogen cycle
denitrification
lightening
assimilation
nitrification
atmospheric N2
Nitrogen fixation
feeding
ammonification
Nora noticed that after a heavy rain, the nearby pond had an unusual amount of algae, forming algal blooms. She learned in science class that excess fertilizers might enter into an aquatic ecosystem through -
Precipitation
Evaporation
Transpiration
Which of these actions REMOVES carbon from the atmosphere?
Water
Photosynthesis
Combustion
