A 15 year old patient was referred to the hospital due to a loss of consciousness with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. Two days before being referred the patient had a fever and black sores were found on the palate. The patient underwent debridement and tissue biopsy to clear the crusts on the palate. The biopsy tissue is sent to the microbiology laboratory. After examination of the crusts with tissue staining, it was found irregular and aseptate hyphae. The hyphae branched at an angle of 90 degrees. What is the name of the fungus ?

A 40 years old Indian male patient comes with complaints of wounds that have not healed since 12 years ago. On the examination there was a sinus that secreted pus with grains/sand formation. Which one of the following statement is FALSE ?

A 40-years-old male patient came to the clinic complaining skin lesion on his foot since 3 years ago, it developed into abcess along lymphatic vessel since 2 years ago. Culture of pus aspirate on Sabouroud dextrose agar on room temperature grow filamentous fungi. Microscopic examination of the isolate

revealed flower like conidia. What is the most possible diagnosis in this case?

60-year-old man complaining of flu-like syndrome in the past week. He also complained severe headache, had nasal congestion and painful on his palate. He suffered from uncontrolled diabetes since the age of 40. A day before admitted to the hospital his condition had worsen and became unconscious. He has no history of COVID-19 vaccination. On physical examination patient was delirium, temperature 38,5oC, respiratory rate 28 /minute, heart rate 90/minute, oxygen saturation 85%. The physician found a black necrotic tissue on his palate.

Microscopic examination of the black necrotic tissue biopsy demonstrated a non-septate, 90 degree branching hyphae. What is the appropriate drug should be administered to treat the patient

A 35-year-old man who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody positive has had a persistent headache and a low-grade fever (temperature, 100°F) for the past 2 weeks. See budding yeasts with a wide capsule in India ink preparation of spinal fluid. These results indicate that the organism causing his disease is most likely ?. What is the appropriate drug should be administered to treat the patient

A 65-year-old man admitted to a hospital due to short of breath and fever. He lives in a poultry farm in a rural area. A week before admitted to the hospital he cleaned up poultry cages on his farm. On physical examination the physician found that his temperature is 38oC, respiratory rate 28/minute, heart rate 90/minutes; enlargement of the liver and spleen. Radiographic examination demonstrated infiltrates on his lungs. Blood culture on sabouroud dextrose agar on day 28 revealed growth of mycelium, microscopic examination demonstrated this following characteristic ?

AA 55-year-old woman has an inflamed ulcer on her right hand and several tender nodules on the inner aspect of her right arm. She is an avid gardener and especially enjoys pruning her roses. Biopsy of the lesion reveals budding yeasts. Which one of the following organism is the most likely cause of this disease?

A 65-year-old man admitted to a hospital due to short of breath and fever. He lives in a poultry farm in a rural area. A week before admitted to the hospital he cleaned up poultry cages on his farm. On physical examination the physician found that his temperature is 38oC, respiratory rate 28/minute, heart rate 90/minutes; enlargement of the liver and spleen. Radiographic examination demonstrated infiltrates on his lungs. Blood culture on sabouroud dextrose agar on day 28 revealed growth of mycelium, microscopic examination demonstrated this following characteristic:

Male, 24 years, an athlete, visit his family physician complaining itchy on his back especially when he gets sweat. There is a white patch and scally lesion on his back. Microscopic examination of skin scrapping specimen demonstrated

this following characteristic:

A 55-year-old man suffered from significant weight loss, persistent cough with whitest yellow sputum. No history of diabetes, but he complained of having night sweat. Chest x-ray examination revealed an infectious process in the upper lobe area. Sputum culture on room temperature show mycelium with orange pigment diffuse on the medium, and microscopic examination shows in the picture below. What is the most probable causative agent?

A 30-year-old woman has a painless ulcer on her tongue. She is HIV antibody positive and has a CD4 count of 25. Her serum is nonreactive in the VDRL test. Biopsy of the lesion revealed yeasts within macrophages. Which one of the

following organism is the most likely cause of this infection?

A 16-year-old female presents to the dermatologist with pruritic, hypopigmented areas on her back, abdomen, and extremities that fail to tan. The dermatologist prescribes a topical ointment that acts by inhibiting the

conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. What antifungal should be prescribed?

A 5-year-old boy with diabetic ketoacidosis has ptosis of his right eyelid, periorbital swelling, and a black, necrotic skin lesion under his eye. Biopsy of the skin lesion shows nonseptate hyphae with wide-angle branching. What is the most likely etiologic agent?. What antifungal should be prescribed?

An 8-year-old girl has a pruritic rash on her chest. Lesions are round or oval with an inflamed border and central clearing. The lesions contain both papules and vesicles. See hyphae in KOH prep of scrapings from the lesion. Which one of the following organism is the most likely cause of this disease?

A 23-year-old woman with relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia was receiving salvage chemotherapy with FLAG (Fludarabine, Ara C, G-CSF). She had prolonged febrile neutropaenia and severe myelosuppression. She was treated with broad-spectrum antibacterials and antifungals. However she developed cellulitis of her right big toe and erythematous lesions with blackish centre on both legs. Blood culture and culture from a skin biopsy grew the fungus shown below.

Which one on the below choice has a score of two on the candidemia score ?

A 55-year-old woman was referred to an ophthalmologist for eye pain, red eye, and photophobia. She says her symptoms are associated with visual blurriness and has noticed some "redness" in her sclera. A 55-year-old woman was referred to an ophthalmologist for eye pain and photophobia. She says her symptoms are associated with visual blurriness and has noticed some "redness" in her sclera. She has a past medical history of dry eye syndrome. Physical examination is notable for ciliary flush of the left eye along with decreased corneal sensation. On physical examination found dry elevated slough, and thick endoteleal exudate. Microscopic with LPCB staining found on the picture below. What is the most appropiate etiology for this case ?

A 50-year-old man presented with a 1-week history of pleuritic chest pain and fever. He was also hypoxic with oxygen saturation of 86% on room air. Detailed clinical history revealed that he had fatigue, dyspnea, night sweats, generalized bone pain and a loss of about 10 kg in weight over the past six months without intention. Chest imaging showed honey comb appearance. On laboratorium examination found CD4+ cell count of 48/μL. What is the etiologic of this case ?

A 65-year-old man was hospitalized in the Department of Pulmonology and Allergology of Educational-Therapeutic Clinic of X Medical University with complaints of shortness of breath, general weakness, and malaise. Computed tomography of chest and sinus showed halo and air-crescent sign. On laboratory examination found galactomanann antigen test is positive. What is the most probable causative agent?

A five-year-old boy who was a resident of Okhla (a slum area in South Delhi), presented with a history of hair loss and itching on the scalp for 6 months. He gave the repeated history of playing with a cat for a year. The boy used to stay in a Madrassa (traditional school for Muslims) where his father worked as a preacher and his family stayed in its premises. The most appropriate etiologic agent for this case is..

which fungus is now considered a major threat due to increasing anti-fungal resistance ?

The following are types of candida that are still sensitive to fluconazole ?

A man, 18-year-old, an athlete complaining itchy on his toes. The lesion is red, with an active site on the edge. The culture showed mold colonies, with red color at the bottom of the plate. What is the most possible organism identified ?

A 40-year-old man with a history of untreated HIV presents with a 2-week history of progressive dyspnea, nonproductive cough, and low-grade fever. Physical examination reveals bilateral crackles and mild respiratory distress. Chest X-ray shows bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltrates. Bronchoalveolar lavage is performed, and Gomori methenamine silver staining reveals disc-shaped cysts. What is the true statement about the probably etiologic agent for this case ?