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Unit 1 AP Psychology

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Researchers want to know how happiness is impacted by the color of a room.  Color of the room is

a)

an independent variable

b)

a dependent variable

c)

a confounding variable

d)

statistically significant

2.

_____________ is when researchers cannot ethically randomly assign conditions of the experiment, so they find groups that already exist to conduct their research.


a)

Experiment

b)

Correlation

c)

Quasi-experiment

d)

Field experiment

3.

Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions

a)

positive psychology

b)

critical thinking

c)

clinical psychology

d)

introspection

4.

The idea that knowledge comes from experience, and that observation and experimentation enable scientific knowledge.

a)

structuralism

b)

functionalism

c)

behaviorism

d)

empiricism

5.

An early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind.

a)

psychometrics

b)

empiricism

c)

functionalism

d)

structuralism

6.

The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).

a)

behaviorism

b)

humanistic psychology

c)

structuralism

d)

functionalism

7.

A historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential.

a)
Behaviorism
b)
Psychoanalysis
c)
Humanistic psychology
d)
Cognitive psychology
8.

The study of mental processes, such as occur when we perceive, learn, remember, think, communicate, and solve problems.

a)

Cognitive Psychology

b)

Behavioral Psychology

c)

Cognitive Neuroscience

d)

Behaviorism

9.

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)

a)

Cognitive Psychology

b)

Behavioral Psychology

c)

Cognitive Neuroscience

d)

Behaviorism

10.

The science of behavior and mental processes.

a)
Psychology
b)

Psychometrics

c)

Psychiatry

d)

Structuralism

11.

How can you "operationalize" verbal aggression?

a)

Yelling at someone

b)

Kicking someone

c)

The number of insulting comments per hour.

d)

Giving someone the silent treatment.

12.
What is...qualitative data?
a)
Unreliable data
b)
Data that involves numbers and quantities.
c)
Data that involves descriptions and summaries. 
d)
Data gathered from experimentation.
13.

The ethical guideline for research in which participants must agree to be a part of the study is known as

a)

Informed consent

b)

Confidentiality

c)

Free from harm

d)

Debriefing

14.

The names of the participants in a research experiment must be kept secret is an ethical guideline known as

a)

Debriefing

b)

Free from harm

c)

Informed Consent

d)

Confidentiality

15.

A carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research experiment is known as

a)

replication

b)

operational definition

c)

hypothesis

d)

standardization

16.

The ethical guideline for research in which participants must agree to be a part of the study is known as

a)

Informed consent

b)

Confidentiality

c)

Free from harm

d)

Debriefing

17.

Which of the following most relates to the nature-nurture issue?

a)

parents and peers

b)

genes and environment

c)

culture and norms

d)

DNA and chromosomes

18.

How did Dorothea Dix help lead to change and greater awareness to the issue she was focused on reforming?

a)

She led protests in the nations capital.

b)

She opened several hospitals for the mentally ill.

c)

She became a doctor for people with mental illnesses.

d)

She boycotted hospitals.

19.
Who was Mary Whiton Calkins?
a)
First female president of APA
b)
First woman author of a psychology book
c)
First woman to receive a Ph. D. in psychology
d)
Wife of G. Stanley Hall
20.
A psychologist that uses ethnicity, gender, culture and socioeconomic status influence our behavior. 
a)
behaviorist
b)
humanist
c)
socio-cultural psychology
d)
psychoanalyst
21.
Having the patient be self-reflective (looking inward), and training them to report elements of their experience.  
a)
structuralism
b)
introspection
c)
functionalism
d)
psychometrics
22.

Father of Psychology

a)

Wilhelm Wundt

b)

Edward Titchener

c)

William James

d)

Max Wertheimer

23.
Who was the American philosopher who authored a textbook in 1890 for the emerging discipline of psychology?  
a)
Wilhelm Wundt
b)
 John B. Watson
c)
Sigmund Freud
d)
William James
24.

Which of the following is used to reduce the effects of confounding variables in experiments?

a)

Descriptive statistics

b)

Inferential statistics

c)

Meta-analysis

d)

An algorithm

e)

Random assignment

25.

Which of the following is the strongest correlation?

a)

–.90

b)

–.23

c)

.40

d)

.67

e)

.72

26.

The research method in which the researcher does not at all interfere with or try to control any part of the research.

a)

Experiment

b)

Case study

c)

Longitudinal study

d)

Observational study

27.

The participants in research who receive the experimental treatment to measure its effects.

a)

Experimental group

b)

Random Sample

c)

Control group

d)

Population

28.

When researchers meet with participants at a study's conclusion to reveal information and ensure their well-being.

a)

Confidentiality

b)

Informed Consent

c)

Debriefing

d)

Revelation

29.

Indicated by p-value

a)

Scatterplot

b)

Correlation coefficient

c)

Null hypothesis

d)

Statistical significance

30.

The type of graph that depicts the direction and strength of a correlation

a)

Bar graph

b)

Scatterplot

c)

Histogram

d)

Pie chart

31.

The first person to study the unconscious mind through psychoanalysis and free association.

a)

Freud

b)

Skinner

c)

Wundt

d)

Maslow

32.

A variable outside of what is being controlled in the experiment that has an unwanted effect on the results.

a)

Independent variable

b)

Control variable

c)

Confounding variable

d)

Neutral Variable

33.

A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other is called a

a)

measure of central tendency

b)

coefficient

c)

inferential statistic

d)

correlation

34.

The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.

a)

sampling bias

b)

hindsight bias

c)

the random effect bias

d)

single blind procedure

35.

In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment being studied.

a)

experiemental group

b)

random sampling

c)

control group

d)

confounding variable

36.

The psychoanalytic approach in psychology believes

a)

all of our behavior is learned.

b)

people are capable of self-actualization

c)

much of our behavior stems from unconscious wants and desires.

d)

memory formation depends on sensory input.

37.

What is the name of the technique where people would examine their own thoughts/behaviors?

a)

introspection

b)

structuralism

c)

functionalism

d)

empricism

38.
Who is the founder of psychoanalysis?
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
Abraham Maslow
c)
Ivan Pavlov
d)
B.F. Skinner
39.
Which psychological perspective would be most interested in studying our brain structures & chemistry, genetics, glands, etc.?
a)
Biological
b)
Structuralism
c)
Functionalism
d)
Humanistic
40.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
41.

A researcher is conducting a study where he is secretly observing participants to see how they behave at their place of work. This type of study is called

a)

Naturalistic Observation

b)

Case Study

c)

Experiment

d)

Survey

e)

Interview

42.

Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of relationship between two variables?

a)

-0.12

b)

+1.00

c)

-0.99

d)

+0.25

e)

-0.50

43.

What famous psychologist is credited with opening the first ever psychology laboratory?

a)

Sigmund Freud

b)

Wilhelm Wundt

c)

John Watson

d)

B. F. Skinner

44.

pure science that aims to increase knowledge

a)

case study

b)

scientific method

c)

Basic research

d)

psyhciatry

45.

studies that aim to solve practical problems

a)

clinical psychology

b)

case study

c)

descriptive statistics

d)

applied research

46.

What is a Hypothesis in Psychology

a)

Randomly assigned group that does not receive treatment.

b)

A set of general procedures for gathering and interpreting data

c)

precise, testable statement of what the researcher(s) predict will be the outcome of the study

d)

the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it

47.
what is the difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist?
a)
a psychologist can diagnose someone, a psychiatrist can t
b)
a psychologist can write prescriptions, a psychiatrist cant
c)
a psychiatrist has a Ph.D, a psychologist went to medical school
d)
a psychiatrist went to medical school, a psychologist has a Ph. D
48.
The standard deviation
a)
indicates the average difference between each score in a group and the mean for that group of scores
b)
reveals the degree of skew for a a group of scores 
c)
is sensitive to scores at the extremes of a distribution of scores
d)
is used to determine whether a data set is positively or negatively skewed
49.
You psychology professor wants to describe the average score on your first psychology test.  Which measure of central tendency is your professor most likely to use? 
a)
mean
b)
median
c)
mode 
d)
harmonic mean
50.
The symmetric, bell shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many human characteristics are dispersed in the population is known as
a)
scatter plot
b)
normal distribution
c)
frequency polygon
d)
histogram
51.
each time a study is repeated, the results are consistent.
a)
validity
b)
reliability
c)
sample
52.
The extent to which an instrument measure what it is supposed to measure.
a)
reliability
b)
validity
c)
standardized