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Modules 1, 2, 3 & 4 NSW Yr 11Biology Syllabus Revision Questions

Total questions: 180

Worksheet time: 6hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which structures are found in every living cell?
a)
cell membrane and cytoplasm
b)
chloroplasts and mitochondria
c)
a cell wall and nucleus
d)
chloroplasts and cell wall
2.
Which cell structure is found in plant and animals cells and controls what can come into or leave a cell?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cytoplasm
c)
nucleus
d)
vacuole
3.
Cell organelles that are responsible for digesting food, worn out organelles and other cellular wastes are called ___________________.
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Vacuoles
c)
Lysosomes
d)
Chlororplasts
4.
What is one basic function of the vacuoles?
a)
circulating oxygen
b)
producing food
c)
controlling cell processes
d)
storing water
5.
Chloroplasts in plant cells allow the plant to perform a function that animal cells cannot do.  What is the main function of the chloroplasts found in plant cells?
a)
to absorb light energy and manufacture food
b)
to remove waste materials by active transport
c)
to manufacture chemical energy from food
d)
to control the shape of the cell
6.
All cells need energy to function.  Which cell organelle is responsible for producing energy in the cell?
a)
chloroplasts
b)
mitochondria
c)
nucleus
d)
vacuoles
7.
What is the function of a cell wall?
a)
to protect and support the cell
b)
to perform different functions in each cell
c)
to prevent water from passing through it
d)
to prevent oxygen from entering the cell
8.
In what part of the plant cell does the process of photosynthesis take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
chloroplasts
d)
vacuoles
9.
Cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles are called ____________________.
a)
prokaryotes
b)
eukaryotes
c)
bacteria
d)
protists
10.
Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?
a)
cells must contain DNA 
b)
all living things are made from cells
c)
cells can only come from other cells
d)
cells are the basic unit of life
11.
Who was the first  person to see cells under the microscope and give them their name?
a)
Mattias Schleiden
b)
Robert Hooke
c)
Theordor Schwann
d)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
12.
Chloroplasts are organelles that convert light energy to sugars.  These organelles are found only in plants.  Which organelles are found only in animals?
a)
Golgi apparatus
b)
lysosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
ribosomes
13.
The network of passageways carries materials from one part of the cell to another.
a)
endoplasmic reticulum
b)
golgi bodies
c)
vacuole
d)
cell
14.
This organelle receives materials from the endoplasmic reticulum and sends them to other parts of the cell.
a)
ribosomes
b)
mitchondria
c)
cytoplasm
d)
golgi bodies
15.
These small structures function as factories to produce proteins.
a)
mitochondria
b)
golgi body
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
ribosomes
16.
The diffusion of WATER across a semi-permeable membrane is
a)
osmosis
b)
diffusion
c)
endocytosis
d)
exocytosis
17.
What is diffusion
a)
active transport
b)
passive transport
c)
cell division
d)
cell mutation
18.
The movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration is
a)
diffusion
b)
cell division
active transport
c)
active transport
d)
tonicity
19.
Active transport requires
a)
energy
b)
the nucleus
c)
chloroplasts
d)
lysosomes
20.
What organelles is NOT found in a PROkaryote
a)
nucleus
b)
cell membrane
c)
Chromosomes (DNA)
DNA
d)
ribosomes
21.
how are chloroplasts and mitochondria similar? They both...
a)
produce energy products
b)
are found in animal cells
c)
are found in prokaryotes
d)
destroy cell products
22.
The cell membrane
a)
regulates what enters/leaves cell
b)
helps maintain homeostasis
c)
keeps contents of cell in place
d)
all of the above
23.
An Amoeba is a unicellular, animal-like protist that lives in ponds and streams. According to cell theory, where did this cell come from?
a)
another pre-existing amoeba cell.
b)
energy from sun that allowed the protist to reproduce.
c)
a multicellular organism.
d)
the nonliving environment.
24.
In order to sustain life, all cells must...
a)
digest nutrients and water
b)
excrete waste and fluids
c)
must be able to maintain a homeostasis environment (aka cellular respiration and regulation)
d)
All of the above
25.
How are unicellular organisms different from multicellular organisms? 
a)
There are no differences.
b)
They are made of many cells. 
c)
They are only classified as prokaryotes.
d)
They are made of only one cell. 
26.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
27.
Has membrane bound organelles
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
28.
True or False:
cells can have different numbers or organelles because of the cell's function.
a)
True
b)
False
29.
Where is the DNA found in a prokaryotic cell? 
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm 
b)
in the nucleus 
30.
What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
31.
What am I?
a)
cell wall
b)
mitochondria
c)
cytoplasm
d)
chloroplast
32.
What am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
golgi apparatus
33.
What am I?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Mitochondrion
d)
Plasma Membrane
34.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
35.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
36.
The concentration of water is higher in the soil than in plant root cells. Water moves into root cells of a plant by...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
37.
Molecules diffusing with the concentration gradient through a protein channel is...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
38.
Due to the higher concentration of oxygen in the air than your blood, oxygen goes from the lungs into the red blood cells by....
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
39.
In a nerve cell, ATP energy is used to pump sodium (Na) out of the cell and potassium (K) into the cell. This is an example of...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
40.
Waste products are moved out of the cell by ______________________.
a)
endocytosis
b)
diffusion
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
41.
Food is moved into the cell by ________________________.
a)
endocytosis
b)
diffusion
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
42.
Passive transport requires no
a)
concentration gradients
b)
osmosis
c)
motion
d)
energy
43.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
44.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
45.
A cell in an isotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
46.
A cell in a hypotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink 
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
47.
When a cell is placed in a hypertonic (more concentrated) solution water
a)
moves from the inside of the cell to the solution
b)
moves from the solution to the inside of the cell
c)
moves equally in and out of the cell
d)
none of these
48.
During pinocytosis, the cell takes in liquids. 
a)
True
b)
False
49.
This type of endocytosis is used by the cell to take in large molecules or tiny organisms. 
a)
Pinocytosis 
b)
Protein pumps
c)
Phagocytosis
d)
Exocytosis
50.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
51.

Which of the following statements about unicellular organisms is NOT correct?

a)

They have a complex structure.

b)

They include Archaea and Bacteria.

c)

They have a high SA:V ratio and rely on diffusion to obtain nutrients and remove wastes.

d)

They are thought to be the earliest organisms to inhabit Earth.

52.

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a multicellular organism?

a)

These organisms can grow to a large size.

b)

Each cell is incapable of surviving on its own.

c)

Multicellular organisms can carry out complex activities far beyond the capabilities of single cells.

d)

Multicellular organisms have well developed communication systems.

53.

The shape of the root hair cell is a small protrusion from the root and it advantage for the plant is:

a)

provides a much greater surface area to anchor the plant in the soil.

b)

increases the surface area for the oxygen to diffuse out of the root.

c)

increases the surface area to absorb the glucose required by the plant.

d)

provides a much greater surface area for the absorption of water.

54.

Which of the following lists the levels of organisation in a multicellular organism, from the simplest level to the most complex level?

a)

Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle

b)

Organelle, cell, organ, tissue, organ system, organism

c)

Organism, organ system, tissue, organ, cell, organelle

d)

Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

55.

The lowest level of organisation that is able to perform all of the activities required for life is:

a)

the cell; for example, a muscle cell.

b)

the organelle; for example, a mitochondrion.

c)

the organ; for example, the heart.

d)

the tissue; for example, heart muscle tissue.

56.

Select the option that correctly fills in the gaps in the following sentence. The skin is a(n) (i)__ that is mainly made up of (ii)__ tissue.

a)

(i) tissue, (ii) epithelial

b)

(i) organ, (ii) connective

c)

(i) tissue, (ii) connective

d)

(i) organ, (ii) epithelial

57.

This microscope image has to be a living thing because it is

a)

green.

b)

moving.

c)

made of cells.

d)

round throughout.

58.

What is the main organ of the circulatory system?

a)

small intestine

b)

bone

c)

lungs

d)

heart

59.

This particular blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium

a)

super vena cava

b)

inferior vena cava

c)

pulmonary artery

d)

pulmonary vein

60.

How does most of the water needed by the plant get into its leaves?

a)

It enters via osmosis through the stomata

b)

The roots absorb it via osmosis and then it travels up the xylem

c)

It's made during a chemical reaction in the stem

d)

The flowers capture water and deliver it to the leaves through the xylem

61.
Why do plants conduct photosynthesis?
a)
To make light
b)
To make mitochondria
c)
To make glucose
d)
To release carbon dioxide
62.
What are the products of photosynthesis (what is made)?
a)
Glucose and Chlorophyll
b)
Glucose and Oxygen
c)
Water and Light
d)
Carbon dioxide and Water
63.

Where in the cell does cellular respiration (also called aerobic respiration) take place?

a)
Nucleus
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cell membrane
64.

The main driving force for the movement of water from the roots to the top of the plant is:

a)

the negative gravitational pull from Earth.

b)

the atmospheric pressure on roots.

c)

osmosis in the roots.

d)

the tension caused by the evaporation of water through the stomata.

65.

The term given to (i) the movement of the products of photosynthesis throughout the plant and (ii) the main model for the way it travels is:

a)

(i) translocation and (ii) only one direction

b)

(i) transpiration and (ii) cohesion-tension theory

c)

(i) transpiration and (ii) transpiration

d)

(i) translocation and (ii) source to sink

66.

Which of the following types of tissue are represented by the diagram below?

a)

Xylem

b)

Xylem and phloem

c)

Vascular bundle

d)

Phloem

67.

The movement of substances in the phloem is caused by:

a)

the formation of high pressure areas at the sink and low pressure areas at the source.

b)

the movement of water in the xylem.

c)

the formation of high pressure areas at the source and low pressure areas at the sink.

d)

the formation of equal areas of pressure at both the source and the sink.

68.

Which of the following best describes how a region of high pressure is formed in the phloem tissue?

a)

Water is actively pumped into the phloem tissue, which creates a dilute solution, which in turn causes sugars to move by diffusion into the phloem.

b)

Sugars are actively pumped into the phloem tissue, which creates a concentrated solution, which in turn causes water to move by osmosis into the phloem.

c)

Sugars move by diffusion into the phloem tissue, which creates a concentrated solution, which in turn causes water to be actively pumped into the phloem.

d)

Water moves by osmosis into the phloem tissue, which creates a dilute solution, which in turn causes sugars to be actively pumped into the phloem.

69.

The composition of blood changes as it moves through the circulatory system. After blood has passed through a particular organ in mammalian body it was found to have less oxygen, more carbon dioxide, more glucose and more amino acids.


The organ that the blood has passed through is most likely:

a)

the lungs.

b)

the kidney.

c)

the large intestine.

d)

the small intestine.

70.

What is the main function of the leaf?

a)

To absorb sunlight and carry out photosynthesis

b)

To provide shade for the plant

c)

To provide food for animals

d)

To carry out respiration

71.

The leaves of plants are adapted to absorb the maximum amount of sunlight possible.


Which of the following options is NOT an adaptation of the leaf to absorb the maximum amount of sunlight?

a)

Thin, flat structure

b)

Palisade mesophyll cells packed with chloroplasts

c)

Cuticle covering the upper and lower surface of the leaf

d)

Vertical, elongated palisade cells

72.

In an experiment, two leaves were taken from the same plant and examined under a light microscope. In leaf 1 most of the stomata were closed; in leaf 2, most of the stomata were open.


What is the most likely explanation for this difference?

a)

Leaf 1 was removed when the plant was still growing; leaf 2 was removed when the plant was mature.

b)

Leaf 1 was removed when the plant was water stressed; leaf 2 was removed when the plant was not water stressed.

c)

Leaf 1 was removed on a cold day; leaf 2 was removed on a very hot day.

d)

Leaf 1 was removed during the day; leaf 2 was removed at night.

73.

The alveoli situated within the lungs is the gaseous exchange surface in mammals.


Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that would ensure efficient gas exchange?

a)

The large number of small alveoli provides a large surface area.

b)

Each alveolus has a single layer of flattened cells.

c)

The surface of all parts of the respiratory system is moist.

d)

A small number of capillaries surround each alveolus.

74.

A terrestrial animal has a respiratory system that has openings, called spiracles, that contain valves to regulate their opening and closing. Air enters the spiracle and moves into tracheal tubes which branch into tracheoles that bring the air directly to the cells.


Which of the following correctly identifies the terrestrial animal that possesses this system for gaseous exchange?

a)

Fish

b)

Birds

c)

Insects

d)

Reptiles

75.

We chew food in order to break it down from large pieces into small pieces to increase its surface area.


This is an example of:

a)

chemical digestion.

b)

initial digestion.

c)

physical digestion.

d)

mechanical digestion.

76.

Which of the following organs in the digestive system are lined with villi?

a)

Oesophagus

b)

Stomach

c)

Small intestine

d)

Large intestine

77.

The air sacs that are covered with capillaries where gas exchange takes place.

a)

Bronchi

b)

Trachea

c)

Oxygen

d)

Alveoli

78.
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
a)
to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body
b)
to bring oxygen to the body
c)
to break down food and absorb nutrients
d)
to remove oxygen from the body and deliver carbon dioxide
79.

What adaptations does the alveoli have for efficient gas exchange?

a)

thick walls

b)

thin walls

c)

small surface area

80.

The diagram shows the structure of the human gas exchange system. Name organ P.

a)

alveolus

b)

trachea

c)

bronchus

d)

diaphragm

81.

In this word equation for cellular respiration, what do x and y represent? What is the form that energy is created in?

Glucose + x --> y + water + energy

a)

x: carbon dioxide

y: methane

energy: joules

b)

x: carbon dioxide

y: oxygen

energy: ATP

c)

x: oxygen

y: carbon dioxide

energy: ATP

d)

x: sugar

y: oxygen

energy: joules

82.

Colonial organisms are

a)

composed of more than one cell, with groups of cells differentiating to take on specialized functions.

b)

composed of many physically connected, interdependent individuals. Only unicellular organisms can form a colonial structure.

c)

A group of the same kind of animals or plants, living or growing together.

d)

composed of many physically connected, interdependent individuals. Both unicellular or multicellular organisms can form a colonial structure.

83.

Autotrophic eukaryotic organism could be recognised by

a)

Having an organelle such as a chloroplast

b)

Having the photosynthetic patch

c)

Having a cell wall

d)

Having no organelles but a way to produce their own food

84.

The organ that changes the chest capacity thus driving the pressure changes in respiration is called the

(a)  

85.

Radioactive carbon-14 (¹⁴C) is often used to study carbon movement in plants. Which process does the use of ¹⁴C help scientists investigate?

a)

Transpiration

b)

Respiration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Germination

86.

Variety of different kinds of organisms that make up a community.

a)

species diversity

b)

genetic diversity

c)

ecosystem diversity

d)

biome diversity

87.

The variety of genes within a given species

a)

species diversity

b)

genetic diversity

c)

ecosystem diversity

d)

biome diversity

88.

Variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere

a)

species diversity

b)

genetic diversity

c)

ecosystem diversity

d)

biome diversity

89.

Place where an organism lives

a)

ecological niche

b)

habitat

c)

home

d)

area

90.

All the organisms of the same species living in the same area

a)

Community

b)

Population

c)

Habitat

d)

Ecosystem

91.

The non-living parts of the environment such as rocks, air, temperature, sunlight, and water

a)

Abiotic

b)

Biotic

c)

Habitat

d)

Community

92.

A group of very similar organisms that can mate and reproduce offspring of the same type

a)

Community

b)

Population

c)

Species

d)

Niche

93.
Which of the following is an abiotic factor?
a)
leaves
b)
soil
c)
grass
d)
animals
94.

This group of organisms are made up of predominately autotrophs, either photoautotrophs or chemoautotrophs

a)

producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

tertiary consumers

d)

decomposers

95.

These organisms must eat to obtain their energy

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

producers

d)

niche

96.
The rabbits and squirrels in an area are a part of the same
a)
population 
b)
community
97.

All the living and nonliving things in an area (biotic & abiotic)

a)

population

b)

community

c)

ecosystem

d)

biome

98.

A gene pool is

a)

the sum of all genes within a population

b)

the sum of all genes within a community

c)

the sum of all genes within an individual

d)

the sum of all genes within an ecosystem

99.

Members of a community will stay in the same area

a)

false

b)

true

100.
Which is not a biotic factor?
a)
people
b)
plants
c)
sunlight
d)
all are biotic factors
101.

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed and another benefits is

a)

mutualism

b)

parasitism.

c)

commensalism.

d)

predation.

102.
What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
103.
In an ecosystem, a biotic or abiotic resource that over time can keep organism populations "in check" is known as a ___________________. 
a)
Limiting Factor
b)
Carrying Capacity
c)
Parasitism
d)
Niche
104.

What is a habitat?

a)

The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.

b)

The interrelationship of a species with all the biotic and abiotic factors affecting it.

c)

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

d)

The natural home or environment of non-living organisms.

105.

What is a niche?

a)

The place or function of a given object within its ecosystem.

b)

The place or function of a given organism within its ecosystem.

c)

The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.

d)

The natural home or environment of an object.

106.
A large ecosystem is called a ______
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Habitat
c)
Biome
d)
Niche
107.
Which point on the graph represents carrying capacity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
108.
Which of the following represents the combination of all relevant environmental variables in which a species or population lives?
a)
clade
b)
hybrid zone
c)
phylogeny
d)
ecological niche
109.

The diagram shows the impact of birds feeding on a population of beetles over time.


Which of the following accounts for the change in the beetle population?

a)

Mutation

b)

Gene flow

c)

Genetic drift

d)

Environmental pressure

110.

Which of the following is a physiological adaptation?

a)

Thick waxy cuticle on the leaves of Eucalyptus trees.

b)

Large spikes and specialised water catching scales of the Thorny Devil lizard.

c)

Accumulation of salt in old leaves and bark of mangrove trees that can be dropped and so removed from the tree.

d)

Living and feeding in communities or groups, as practised by meerkats, to make themselves less vulnerable to predators.

111.

The image above depicts four of the Galapagos finches that Charles Darwin observed during the voyage of the HMS Beagle. These finches helped Darwin develop his Theory of Evolution.

What type of evolution do the finches represent?

a)

Divergent Evolution

b)

Transverse Evolution

c)

Subvergent Evolution

d)

Convergent Evolution

112.

Darwin and Wallace proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.


Punctuated equilibrium differs from this theory in that punctuated equilibrium:

a)

requires genetic variation to exist in a population.

b)

is driven by selection pressures in the environment.

c)

discounts the idea that living organisms share a common ancestor.

d)

occurs in relatively short bursts of rapid change.

113.
Examples of a producer
a)
frog
b)
algae
c)
worm
d)
mouse
114.
The shrew provides energy for the _______?
a)
cricket
b)
grasshopper
c)
frog
d)
snake
115.
Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area
a)
Biome
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Niche
116.

Gas analysis of ice cores in Antarctica has shown which trend over the last 100 years?

a)

Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased

b)

There has been no change in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases

c)

Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have decreased

d)

Global temperatures have decreased

117.

What type of environment are sclerophyll plants adapted to?

a)

tropical climates with nutrient rich soils

b)

wetlands and estuaries

c)

harsh, dry climates and nutrient-deficient soils

d)

mangrove swamps

118.

What is the highest number trophic level in this food web?

a)

4

b)

3

c)

2

d)

5

119.

Students wanted to investigate the distribution patterns of periwinkles and brown algae at various distances from the high tide mark on a rock platform. The best sampling technique would be:

a)

Point Sampling

b)

Transect

c)

Quadrats and Transect

d)

Capture-Recapture

120.
Darwin theorized that individuals having an advantage due to their traits or abilities will be more likely to survive and reproduce.  This theory is known as
a)
evolution
b)
speciation
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
121.
Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Charles Barkley
d)
Isaac Newton
122.
Remains of ancient organisms are called
a)
Extinctions
b)
Fossils
c)
Mutations
d)
Variations
123.
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)
a)
close relative
b)
early ancestor
c)
unrelated organism
d)
embryological stage
124.
the hind leg bones in a whale are examples of
a)
homologous structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
fossils
d)
vestigals
125.
What is the study of organisms at the early stages of development?
a)
DNA studies
b)
embryology 
c)
extinction
d)
fossil record
126.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
embryology
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil record
127.
Which layer is the oldest?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
128.
Structures in organisms that have the same function due to similar environmental pressures.
a)
Analogous Structure
b)
Homologous Structure
c)
Vestigial Structures
129.
Slow in steady change in a species
a)
Gradualism
b)
Punctuated Equilibrium 
130.
Long periods of little change in a species followed by short periods of rapid change
a)
Punctuated Equilibrium
b)
Gradualism
131.

A placental squirrel in North America resembles a marsupial squirrel in Australia. They are genetically and geographically separated. This is best explained by ___.

a)

convergent evolution

b)

divergent evolution

c)

spontaneous generation

d)

vestigial structures

132.

The average individuals in a population are favored in _____ selection.

a)

directional

b)

stabilizing

c)

disruptive

d)

natural

133.

In _____ selection, individuals with both extreme forms of the trait are at a selective advantage.

a)

directional

b)

stabilizing

c)

disruptive

d)

natural

134.

_____ selection favors one extreme form of trait in a population.

a)

directional

b)

stabilizing

c)

disruptive

d)

natural

135.

What is the movement of genes into and out of a gene pool called?

a)

random mating

b)

nonrandom mating

c)

gene flow

d)

direct evolution

136.

A clear fish imprint in a rock indicates the rock is _____.

a)

volcanic

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

d)

igneous

137.

A species of frog, over time and through mutations, becomes two species as it spreads from swamp to swamp. This is an example of:

a)

Adaptive radiation

b)

Coevolution

c)

Convergent evolution

138.
This experiment was conducted by the scientists:
a)
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey
b)
Harold Urey and Albert Einstine
c)
Harrison Ford and Denzel Washington
d)
James Watson and Francis Crick
139.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
140.

The science of grouping and naming organisms

a)

Phylogeny

b)

Dichotomy

c)

Taxonomy

d)

Genetics

141.

Which of the following is the CORRECT form of a scientific name?

a)

canis lupus

b)

Canis Lupus

c)

Canis lupus

d)

canis lupus

142.

Which taxonomic level would include the LEAST number of organisms?

a)

species

b)

genus

c)

order

d)

phylum

143.

A ________ can be used to classify organisms based on characteristics.

a)

punnet square

b)

phylogenetic chart

c)

trophic pyramid

d)

dichotomous key

144.

The scientist who came up with the current classification system

a)

Darwin

b)

Newton

c)

Mendel

d)

Linnaeus

145.

Adaption can mean several things. Please select the correct ways it is used.

a)

Process that occurs over time and generations to allow organisms to adapt to their environment.

b)

A trait (gene) that developed over time and generations

c)

The amount of fitness an organism has inherited to fill a niche

d)

A trait gained after birth in a single organism which is not genetically linked.

146.
An example of a behavioral adaptation is
a)
The long neck of a giraffe
b)
Penguins huddling together for warmth
c)
A camel's hump used to store water
d)
A polar bear's white fur used for camouflage
147.
An example of a physical adaptation is...
a)
a turtle hiding inside its shell
b)
The spikes on a porcupine fish
c)
a rabbit burrowing underground
d)
a viper biting when threatened
148.

A monkey has a long tail to help it swing from branch to branch in a dense forest.

a)

Behavioral Adaptation

b)

Structural Adaptation

149.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
150.

Hummingbirds have a beak just the right length to reach the nectar in a cardinal flower and as they feed their foreheads bump into the pollen structure. Cardinal flowers are red which hummingbirds can see but bees can’t. Cardinal flower’s pollen structure is just the right length for the hummingbird to pick up pollen as it feeds. This is an example of which type of Evolution

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Co-evolution

151.

In the ocean surrounding Antarctica, there are fish that survive the cold water by using a molecule made of glycoproteins that circulates the blood and keeps it from freezing. Certain kinds of worms that live in the Arctic ocean also make antifreeze proteins that help them live in icy water. This is an example of which type of evolution?

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Coevolution

152.

The beaver in North America and the capybara in South America share a common ancestor, but have evolved over time to look different. This is an example of which type of evolution?

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Divergent

c)

Coevolution

153.

Whales, sharks, and penguins all have streamlined bodies and fins/flippers for moving in water even though they belong in different classes of animals (mammals, fish, and birds) and are not closely related. This is an example of which type of structure?

a)

Analogous

b)

Homologous

c)

Vestigial

154.

Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. Their genetics show they are closely related. What kind of structure is this?

a)

Analogous

b)

Homologous

c)

Vestigial

155.
Bird wings and butterfly wings are an example of
a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial Structure

156.

The hind leg bones in a whale are examples of which kind of structures? Human wisdom teeth and appendix are other examples of this.

a)

homologous structures

b)

analogous structures

c)

fossils

d)

vestigal structures

157.

How would you describe the type of evolution resulting in this structure of two distantly related organisms?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Coevolution

158.

The structures shown are from closely related organisms which resulted from divergent evolution. What kind of structures are these?

a)

homologous

b)

analogous

c)

vestigial

159.

This biological structure resulted from convergent evolution. What type of structure would this be?

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

160.

Which type of symbiosis involves both species benefitting? +/+

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

161.

Which type of symbiosis involves one species benefitting while the other is harmed? +/-

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

162.

Which type of symbiosis involves one species benefitting while the other is unaffected? +/0

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

163.

Which of the following is NOT a threat to biodiversity?

a)

Overhunting

b)

Invasive species

c)

Water purification

164.

All of the different species of living things in a given area is called:

a)

Population

b)

Community

c)

Ecosystem

d)

biome

165.

Coyote populations have been increasing in recent years. Which would not be a reason for their increase?

a)

More food is available

b)

Less competition from other predators

c)

Less available habitat to live in.

d)

Less threat of being hunted by humans

166.

If the populations of grasshoppers would decrease, what affect would that have on the population of lizards?

a)

Increase

b)

Stay the same

c)

Decrease

d)

Unable to determine

167.

If the population of rattlesnakes were to decrease, why would that help to increase the population of hawks?

a)

Rattlesnakes eat hawks

b)

Hawks eat rattlesnakes

c)

Rattlesnakes and hawks both eat kangaroo rats.

d)

It would not help the hawk population.

168.

Rats were introduced to Australia and the rat population exploded over several years. Which would not be a reason for their population growing?

a)

Large amounts of available food

b)

Increase in the number of predators.

c)

More water available

d)

Large habitats to live in

169.

Which is an abiotic factor that influences the population of the rats?

a)

The amount of food available

b)

The amount of water available

c)

The number of predators available

d)

The amount of competition in the ecosystem

170.

Which would be a limiting factor on the rats

a)

The availability of food.

b)

The number of predators

c)

The availability of abiotic resources

d)

All are limiting factors.

171.

What is the original source of energy for this ecosystem?

a)

Plants

b)

Animals

c)

Air

d)

Sun

172.

Both the lion and the cheetah eat some of the same prey in this ecosystem. Two organisms going after the same resource is known as

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Competition

d)

Commensalism

173.

What niche do the bacteria have that return the nutrients of dead and decaying matter back to the ecosystem

a)

Producer

b)

Primary Consumer

c)

Secondary Consumer

d)

Decomposer

174.

In the woods, there are hawks and robins. They both try to occupy the same niche by competing for worms as the only source of food in that same area at that same time. The hawks outcompete the robins, and the robins are forced to leave that area. This is an example of:

a)

Mutualism

b)

The competitive exclusion principle

c)

Commensalism

d)

Neutralism

175.

Barnacles are animals that cannot move. In order to get food, they attach to whales and catch any floating plankton in the water. The whale is neither helped nor harmed in the interaction. What type of symbiosis is this?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Amensalism

176.

In this photo, two lions are fighting for a resource. What type of competition is this?

a)

Interspecific competition

b)

Intraspecific competition

c)

Machismo

d)

Competitive exclusion principle

177.
How many herbivores are in this web?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
178.

A community consists of all the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species.

a)

True

b)

False

179.

What is the difference between a population and a community?

a)

A population is made up of all species in an area. A community is made up only of one species.

b)

A population is made up of only one species. A community is made up of all species in an area.

c)

A population is made up of all the species and nonliving things in an area. A community is made up of all species in an area.

d)

The words mean the same thing.

180.

What is the difference between a community and an ecosystem?

a)

An ecosystem consists of living and nonliving things in an area. A community is all the members of one species in the area.

b)

An ecosystem consists of living and nonliving things in an area. A community is all the populations in the area.

c)

An ecosystem consists of nonliving things in an area. A community is all the living things in the area.

d)

An ecosystem consists of all the populations in an area. A community is all the nonliving things in the area.

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