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Week 8 Vocab: The Enlightenment

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

an intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe

a)

The Enlightenment

b)

Montesquieu

c)

Separation of Powers

d)

Natural Rights

2.

French Philosopher who wrote the Spirit of Laws and developed the idea of separation of powers

a)

Social Contract

b)

Montesquieu

c)

John Locke

d)

Natural Rights

3.

Constitutional principle that there should be three different branches with different responsibilities

a)

John Locke

b)

Social Contract

c)

Separation of Powers

d)

Natural Rights

4.

English philosopher that developed the ideas behind the Declaration of Independence. He discussed the components of the social contract and natural law.

a)

Montesquieu

b)

Social Contract

c)

Natural Rights

d)

John Locke

5.

A body of unchanging moral principles regarded as a basis for all human conduct.

a)

Social Contract

b)

Natural Rights

c)

Separation of Powers

d)

Individual Liberties

6.

An implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits

a)

Natural Rights

b)

Social Contract

c)

Separation of Powers

d)

Individual Liberties

7.

the rights of the people to do certain things

a)

Separation of Powers

b)

Natural Law

c)

Social Contract

d)

Individual Liberies

8.

the individuals who played an important role in early U.S. history and in the creation of the U.S. government

a)

Founding Fathers

b)

Enlightenment

c)

Natural Rights

d)

John Locke

9.

rights that cannot be restricted or taken away by government or human laws; also called natural rights

a)
Revocable rights
b)
Negotiable rights
c)
Mutable rights
d)

Unalienable rights

10.

the idea that government gains its power/authority from the people

a)

Rule of Law

b)

Separation of Powers

c)

Consent of the Governed

d)

Enlightenment

11.

a principle of government that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches

a)
separation of powers
b)
checks and balances
c)
division of labor
d)
power sharing
12.

rights an individual is born with that cannot be given or taken by government

a)
Natural rights
b)
Legal rights
c)
Artificial rights
d)
Government rights
13.

Who is known for the idea that government should protect life, liberty, and property?

a)

John Locke

b)

Montesquieu

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

14.

What is the term for the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to prevent any one branch from gaining too much power?

a)

Checks and Balances

b)

Federalism

c)

Direct Democracy

d)

Separation of Powers

15.

Which Enlightenment thinker is credited with the concept of 'separation of powers' in government?

a)

Montesquieu

b)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

John Locke

16.

What is the term for the idea that people agree to form a government and follow its rules in exchange for protection of their rights?

a)

Social Contract

b)

Natural Law

c)

Federalism

d)

Checks and Balances

17.

Which principle states that government must operate within certain bounds set by the people and the law?

a)

Rule of Law

b)

Separation of Powers

c)

Direct Democracy

d)

Natural Rights

18.

Which principle ensures that no single branch of government becomes too powerful?

a)

Checks and Balances

b)

Direct Democracy

c)

Social Contract

d)

Natural Law

19.

Who argued that people have certain rights simply by being human, such as life and liberty?

a)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

b)

Thomas Hobbes

c)

John Locke

d)

Montesquieu

20.

What is the term for the idea that laws should apply equally to all members of society, including government officials?

a)

Separation of Powers

b)

Social Contract

c)

Natural Rights

d)

Rule of Law

21.

Which Enlightenment concept emphasizes that all people are subject to the law, regardless of status?

a)

Rule of Law

b)

Natural Rights

c)

Checks and Balances

d)

Social Contract

22.

What is the principle that divides governmental authority among legislative, executive, and judicial branches?

a)

Natural Law

b)

Separation of Powers

c)

Federalism

d)

Consent of the Governed

23.

Which principle states that the government derives its authority from the will of the people?

a)

Rule of Law

b)

Consent of the Governed

c)

Federalism

d)

Separation of Powers

24.

Who is credited with the idea that government power should be divided among different branches?

a)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

b)

John Locke

c)

Montesquieu

d)

Thomas Hobbes

25.

What is the term for rights that are inherent and cannot be taken away by any government?

a)

Unalienable Rights

b)

Legal Rights

c)

Negotiable Rights

d)

Mutable Rights

26.

What is the term for the belief that government should be based on laws and not on the whims of rulers?

a)

Consent of the Governed

b)

Rule of Law

c)

Checks and Balances

d)

Natural Rights

27.

Which concept refers to the idea that citizens give up some freedoms in exchange for protection of their remaining rights?

a)

Social Contract

b)

Rule of Law

c)

Natural Law

d)

Federalism

28.

Which Enlightenment thinker argued that people are born with natural rights to life, liberty, and property?

a)

Montesquieu

b)

John Locke

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

29.

What is the system called that allows each branch of government to restrain the powers of the other branches?

a)

Rule of Law

b)

Direct Democracy

c)

Federalism

d)

Checks and Balances

30.

Which principle means that government must follow the law and respect individual rights?

a)

Consent of the Governed

b)

Natural Law

c)

Social Contract

d)

Rule of Law