....................... was Aristotle’s great contribution to formal logic.

........... in its simplest form involves "the study of a number of individual cases that would lead to a hypothesis and eventually to a generalization."

A ............... " is a way of looking at or researching phenomena, a world view, a view of what counts as accepted or correct scientific knowledge or way of working, an ‘accepted model or pattern’

Auguste Comte was the first thinker to use the word .................. for a philosophical position (Beck, 1979) and gave rise to sociology as a distinct discipline.

................ express generalizations from particulars, enable us to impose some sort of meaning on the world; through them reality is given sense, order and coherence.

Kerlinger (1970) defines .................... "as a conjectural statement of the relations between two or more variables"

................ initially involves systematic observation, moving to interconnecting ideas coherently and without internal contradictions (creating ascientific model), which is then tested by further observations.