WorksheetsAqa Physics paper 1 (part 2 )
Total questions: 218
Worksheet time: 4hrs 29mins
Why are coal, oil, and natural gas classified as nonrenewable resources?
They are limitless
They exist in many places on Earth.
They are originally from once-living things.
They take millions of years to form.
Which statement is true about coal and natural gas?
Both are renewable resources
Both require wind in order to work
Both lead to greenhouse gases and climate change
Neither one causes global warming
What are two advantages of geothermal energy?
cheap and a lot pollution
expensive and a lot of pollution
cheap and little pollution
expensive and little pollution
What is a disadvantage to Hydroelectricity?
lots and lots of pollution
Kills wild bird population
Radioactive waste
Increases potential for flooding
What is a negative impact of most renewable energy resources?
expensive start up costs
produce CO2 gas
damage the environment
produce poisonous waste
What is a negative impact of wind turbines?
unreliable
noisy
visual pollution
produce carbon dioxide gas
Which of these are non renewable energy resources?
coal, oil, gas, wind
coal, oil, gas, tidal
coal, oil, gas, nuclear
coal, oil, gas, solar
Which is an environmental consequence of using biomass
as a source of energy?
There are no environmental consequences for using biomass as a source of energy.
Biomass creates harmful emission of carbon and sulfur, and causes massive cutting of trees.
Biomass has a great impact on the temperature of fresh water and the amount of dissolved oxygen.
Why is solar energy seldom used as an environmentally safe energy source in households to provide electricity?
Solar energy can only be used with gasoline.
Solar energy is difficult to capture and store for later use.
Solar power facilities destroy animal habitats.
Solar power creates radioactive waste.
Which is most likely the greatest impact on the environment when a dam is built for hydroelectric power production?
Animal populations increase rapidly in ecosystems upstream of the dam because of more available water.
Plant populations suffer from increased competition beyond the dam because more land is available for cultivation.
The water cycle is disturbed by the building of a dam because water is concentrated in new areas.
The dam destroys habitats by creating reservoirs of water that flood lands upstream of the dam.
Energy resources are mainly used to generate electricity, what are the two other major uses?
Food
Transport
Weapons
Heating
Which energy resource is the most widely used for heating homes in the UK?
Geothermal
Wind
Natural Gas
Coal
Identify the energy transfer
electrical to chemical to light
kinetic to potential
chemical to electrical to light
light to sound
Identify the energy transfer
chemical to solar
electrical to thermal
chemical to light
thermal to kinetiv
What is the kinetic energy of a man of mass 80 kg running at 4 m/s ?
320 J
160 J
640 J
25,600 J
How fast is a car travelling if it has 18,000 J of kinetic energy and a mass of 1000 kg.
6 m/s
18,000,000 m/s
18 m/s
36 m/s
A mass of 20 kg is raised through a distance of 30 m. How much gravitational potential energy does it gain? (Note that g=9.8 m/s2 on the Earth.)
5,880 J
600 J
61.2 J
14.7 J
3000 J of energy are used to raise an object through a height of 15 m. What was the mass of the object. (Assume that g = 9.8 m/s2.)
20.4 kg
442,000 kg
200 kg
4591.8 kg
How much work is done when a 2400 W kettle takes 120 seconds to boil?
20 J
288,000 J
0.05 J
200 J
What is the power of a device that does 500 J of work in 20 s ?
25 W
10,000 W
1000 W
0.04 J
What is the efficiency of a device that transfers 450 J of energy usefully when the input energy is 800 J ?
0.56
1.78
350
0.44
A device has an efficiency of 0.65. If the total power input is 3000 W, what is the useful power output?
1,950 W
4615.5 W
0.00022 W
1,050 W
What is the Equation for Kinetic Energy?
Kinetic Energy = 0.5 x Mass x Speed²
Kinetic Energy = 0.5 x Mass² x Speed
Kinetic Energy = 0.5 x Mass² / Speed
What are Equations for Gravitational Potential Energy?
Gravitational Potential Energy = Mass x Gravitational Field Strength x Height
Gravitational Potential Energy = Weight x Height
Gravitational Potential Energy = Mass x Gravitational Field Strength / Height
Gravitational Potential Energy = Weight / Height
Which are the Equations for Power?
Power = Energy Transferred / Time
Power = Work Done / Time
Power = Energy Transferred x Time
Power = Work Done x Time
Which will heat up faster?
copper
granite
iron
basalt
Which will heat up slower?
water
lead
granite
iron
The temperature of a 6.0 g sample of glass changed from 20.0°C to 45.0°C when it absorbed 550 J of heat. What is the specific heat of this glass?
0.27 J/g °C
3.7 J/g °C
130 J/g °C
12 J/g °C
Which of the following best explains why the sand at the beach is hotter than the water?
Sand has a higher specific heat than water.
Sand has a lower specific heat than water.
There is more water than sand at the beach.
There is more sand than water at the beach.
The Law of Conservation of Energy states:
Energy can created or destroyed but not transformed
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only transformed
Energy can't be created, destroyed or transformed
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
The spring constant of an object tells you?
What type of spring you are dealing with
How long the spring will stretch or compress
It gives you a value on how easy or hard it is to change the objects length.
A spring constant gives you a number which tells you what material the spring is made of.
In a closed system...
energy can be transferred but there is no net energy loss.
energy and mass are transferred in and out of the system.
energy cannot be transferred between different energy stores.
Energy stored in objects being stretched or squashed...
Elastic Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
Chemical Energy
Thermal Energy
Energy Stored in an atoms nucleus is..
Atomic Energy
Electrostatic Energy
Nuclear Energy
Elemental Energy
1. As an object falls, what happens to its kinetic energy?
Increases
Decreases
Stays the same.
Need more information
1. As an object falls, what happens to its gravitational energy?
Increases
Decreases
Stays the same
Need more information.
When rolling a ball down a ramp when does it have the most potential energy?
At the bottom of the ramp
While traveling down the ramp
While being lifted to the top of the ramp
At the top of the ramp
When a kettle boils, energy is transferred from the electrostatic store to the _________________ energy store.
chemical
kinetic
elastic
thermal
In the equation for gravitational potential energy, 'Ep' stands for
electrical energy
elastic potential energy
kinetic energy
gravitational potential energy
Conduction mainly occurs in _________
solids
liquids
gases
Conduction is where particles vibrate and transfer thermal energy along the object. Do metals have a high or low thermal conductivity?
high
low
Insulation reduces the rate of energy transfer by heating. What methods below do we use in our homes to reduce wasted energy?
double glazed windows
log burners
thick carpets
cavity wall insulation
Lubricating certain machines or bikes reduces which type of force?
air resistance
tension
magnetic
friction
Which one is True?
The greater the Resistance the Smaller the Current
The greater the Resistance the Greater the Current
Which one is a Battery?
Which one is a Fuse?
Which one is a Filament bulb?
Which one is a LED?
Which one is a Switch?
Which one is a Resistor?
Which one is a Variable Resistor?
Which one is a Diode?
Which one is a Thermistor?
Which one is the Graph for an Ohmic Conductor?
Which one is the Graph for an Filament Lamp?
Which one is the Graph for an Diode?
Which one is a LDR?
It senses Light. The brighter the light the lower the resistance.
It senses Temperature. The hotter the temperature the lower the resistance.
Which one is a Thermistor?
It senses Light. The brighter the light the lower the resistance.
It senses Temperature. The hotter the temperature the lower the resistance.
Which one is a series circuit?
All components were connected in a line end to end. If one of the components break the whole circuit breaks.
Each component is connected separately. If one is disconnected the others aren't affected.
Which one is a parallel circuit?
All components were connected in a line end to end. If one of the components break the whole circuit breaks.
Each component is connected separately. If one is disconnected the others aren't affected.
Which one is a series circuit?
Potential Difference is Shared
Potential Difference is the same for each component
Which one is a parallel circuit?
Potential Difference is Shared
Potential Difference is the same for each component
Which one is a parallel circuit?
Current is the same everywhere
Current is shared between branches
Which one is a series circuit?
Resistance adds up
Resistors reduce the total resistance
Which one is a series circuit?
Current is the same everywhere
Current is shared between branches
Select all the features of the UK Mains Supply
AC
DC
230 V
50Hz
50 V
Which one is a Live Wire?
Brown. Provides the alternating potential difference
Blue. Completes the circuit and carries away current
Green and Yellow. Only carries current when there is a fault
Which one is a Neutral Wire?
Brown. Provides the alternating potential difference
Blue. Completes the circuit and carries away current
Green and Yellow. Only carries current when there is a fault
Which one is an Earth Wire?
Brown. Provides the alternating potential difference
Blue. Completes the circuit and carries away current
Green and Yellow. Only carries current when there is a fault
Which does the national grid use?
High Potential Difference
High Current
Low Potential Difference
Low Current
Calculate the current in a circuit if a charge of 4 C flows in 20 seconds
0.1 A
0.2 A
0.3 A
0.4 A
In a lightning bolt, a charge of 15 C flows and there is a current of 30,000 A. Calculate the duration of the lightning strike
0.5 s
0.75 s
0.0005 s
15000 s
Calculate the resistance of the resistors in series shown in the diagram.
2 ohms
15 ohms
8 ohms
2.5 ohms
What will the maximum resistance of the circuit shown be?
less than 22 kΩ
More than 22 kΩ
69 kΩ
What is the current in the main branch (Is) of the circuit shown?
6 A
12 A
18 A
A kettle has a power rating of 1.2 kW. The kettle runs on mains electricity at 230 V. Work out the current flowing through the kettle when in use.
0.005 A
0.052 A
5.2 A
What are the units for current?
Amps
Volts
Coulombs
Watts
What is the unit of power?
Amps
Volts
Coulombs
Watts
What is the unit of charge?
Amps
Volts
Coulombs
Watts
What is the unit of potential difference?
Amps
Volts
Coulombs
Watts
This is an example of a ______ circuit
Series
Parallel
Open
Closed
What size resistor would produce a 3 Amp current flow with a 12 Volt battery
1 Ohm
3 Ohms
4 Ohms
12 Ohms
What is the equation that links power, potential difference and current?
Power = potential difference/current
Power = potential difference x current
Power = current/potential difference
Power = 0.5 x potential difference x current^2
The amount of current flowing in a circuit depends on...
Potential difference and resistance
Charge and power
resistance only
potential difference only
potential difference and charge
Subatomic particles with a negative charge
Electrons
Neutrons
Protons
Quarks
In which way are protons and electrons the same in an atom?
same mass
same number of particles
same charges
Which subatomic particle determines the identity of an element?
protons
neutrons
electrons
The electron is not included in the calculations for the atomic mass because
It has negative charge
It is located in the outer energy levels of the atom
Its mass is basically zero
It attracts neutral particles
What is an isotope?
An atom of an element with a different number of neutrons
An atom of an element with a different number of protons
An atom of an element with a different number of electrons
What is radioactive decay?
An unstable nucleus breaks down to become more stable, giving off radiation
An unstable atom breaks down to become more stable, giving off radiation
An unstable element breaks down to become more stable, giving off radiation
An unstable compound breaks down to become more stable, giving off radiation
What is activity?
The rate that nuclei decay
The rate that ions decay
The rate that protons decay
The rate that electrons decay
What is the unit of activity?
Becquerels (Bq)
Coulombs (C)
Hertz (Hz)
Pascals (Pa)
What is count rate?
Number of decays per second by a Geiger-Muller tube
Number of ions per second by a Geiger-Muller tube
Number of atoms per second by a Geiger-Muller tube
Number of neutrons per second by a Geiger-Muller tube
What is half life?
The time taken for half of the nuclei in a sample to decay
The time taken for half of the atoms in a sample to decay
The time taken for half of the ions in a sample to decay
The time taken for half of the neutrons in a sample to decay
What is contamination?
Coming into contact with radioactive materials
Being exposed to radioactive materials
What is irradiation?
Coming into contact with radioactive materials
Being exposed to radioactive materials
What is ionisation?
The process of removing electrons from atoms
The process of removing protons from atoms
The process of removing neutrons from atoms
The process of removing nucei from atoms
Select the effects of ionisation on human cells
Cell death
Cancer
Mutation
How do electrons orbit atoms?
In energy levels
In shells
In layers
In locations
What happens to an electron that absorbs electromagnetic radiation such as light?
The electron moves away from the nucleus, to a higher energy level
The electron moves closer to the nucleus, to a lower energy level
The electron's position does not change
The electron will be removed from the atom
Which model of the atom is JJ Thompson responsible for?
Billiard ball model
Plum pudding
Nuclear model
He is not responsible for a model, he contributed to understanding electron energy levels
What happens to an electron that emits electromagnetic radiation such as light?
The electron moves away from the nucleus, to a higher energy level
The electron moves closer to the nucleus, to a lower energy level
The electron's position does not change
The electron will be removed from the atom
Which model of the atom is Rutherford responsible for?
Billiard ball model
Plum pudding
Nuclear model
He is not responsible for a model, he contributed to understanding electron energy levels
Which model of the atom is Niels Bohr responsible for?
Billiard ball model
Plum pudding
Nuclear model
He is not responsible for a model, he contributed to understanding electron energy levels
Which statement describes the plum pudding model?
Atoms are tiny spheres that can't be split into anything smaller
Atoms are balls of positive charge with negative electrons embedded throughout
A central positive charge surrounded by negative charge
Which investigation did Rutherford carry out?
Alpha particle scattering
Beta particle scattering
Gold atom scattering
Electron scattering
What discovery did James Chadwick make?
The nucleus is positively charged
Atoms have a nucleus
The nucleus contains protons and neutrons
Electrons orbit in energy levels
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
0
-1
Which of the following are types of radiation given off during decay? (Choose more than one)
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
What is an alpha particle?
Two protons and two neutrons
An electron given off when a neutron breaks down
A wave of electromagnetic radiation
What is a beta particle?
Two protons and two neutrons
An electron given off when a neutron breaks down
A wave of electromagnetic radiation
What is gamma radiation?
Two protons and two neutrons
An electron given off when a neutron breaks down
A wave of electromagnetic radiation
What is the range of alpha radiation in air?
3-5cm
10-15cm
Many metres
What is the range of gamma radiation in air?
3-5cm
10-15cm
Many metres
Which materials absorb alpha radiation?
Paper and dead skin cells
Thin aluminium foil
Several centimetres of lead
Which materials absorb beta radiation?
Paper and dead skin cells
Thin aluminium foil
Several centimetres of lead
Which materials absorb gamma radiation?
Paper and dead skin cells
Thin aluminium foil
Several centimetres of lead
What is the ionising power of alpha radiation
Very high
Medium
Low
What is the ionising power of gamma radiation
Very high
Medium
Low
How does alpha decay alter the atomic number of the parent nucleus?
Increases by 2
Decreases by 2
Increases by 1
The atomic number does not change
How does beta decay alter the atomic number of the parent nucleus?
Increases by 2
Decreases by 2
Increases by 1
The atomic number does not change
How does gamma decay alter the atomic number of the parent nucleus?
Increases by 2
Decreases by 2
Increases by 1
The atomic number does not change
How does alpha decay alter the mass number of the parent nucleus?
Increases by 4
Decreases by 4
Decreases by 2
The mass number does not change
How does gamma decay alter the mass number of the parent nucleus?
Increases by 4
Decreases by 4
Decreases by 2
The mass number does not change
How is radiation used to treat cancer?
Gamma radiation rotates around the affected area. The radiation ionises and kills the cancer cells
Alpha radiation rotates around the affected area. The radiation ionises and kills the cancer cells
Gamma radiation is injected into the patient. The radiation is absorbed by organs, is detected on scans and kills the cancer cells
Alpha radiation is injected into the patient. The radiation is absorbed by organs, detected on scans and kills the cancer cells
How is radiation used as a tracer?
Gamma radiation rotates around the affected area. The radiation ionises and kills the cancer cells
Alpha radiation rotates around the affected area. The radiation ionises and kills the cancer cells
Gamma radiation is injected into the patient. The radiation is absorbed by organs and is detected on scans
Alpha radiation is injected into the patient. The radiation is absorbed by organs and is detected on scans
Why is gamma radiation used in radiotherapy and tracers?
Weakly ionising, penetrates the body
Ionising power is medium, penetrates the body
Strongly ionising, stopped by skin cells
Which type of radiation does the equation represent?
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Which type of radiation does the equation represent?
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Which type of radiation is represented by the symbol:
∝
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
The count rate of an isotope 1008 Bq. This falls to a count rate of 126 over a period of 21 days. What is the half life of the isotope?
4 days
5 days
6 days
7 days
The % of the parent isotope remaining after 1 Half Life.
50%
25%
12.5%
6.25%
After 22,800 years, approximately what percentage of the original carbon-14 remains?
15%
12.5%
6.25%
3.125%
If 20 mg of iodine-131 is given to a patient, how much is left after 32 days? The half-life of iodine-131 is 8 days.
32
1.25
10
2.5
Barium-122 has a half-life of 2 minutes. A fresh sample weighing 80 g was obtained. If it takes 10 minutes to set up an experiment using barium-122, how much barium-122 will be left when the experiment begins?
0.25g
2.5g
25g
80g
The diagram shows 32 atoms.
16 of the Red are parent isotopes
16 of the Green are daughter isotopes
How many half-lives have occurred?
0
1
2
3
Radioactive carbon-14 is often useful in determining the absolute age of geologic samples because radioactive isotopes
decay at a regular rate
become less stable during decay
remain unchanged over time
stabilize after four half-lives
Complete the nuclear reaction
85209At = ___ + 24He
83205Bi
86209Rn
81207Tl
85208At
Which of the following is not a state of matter
Ice
Gas
Liquid
Solid
Increasing the temperature of a gas increases the store of which energy type of the particles?
Potential Energy
Chemical Energy
Kinetic Energy
Pressure
Latent Heat of Fusion: The amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg a substance from solid to liquid at fixed _____________
Quantity
Heat Energy
Temperature
Pressure
You need a whiteboard and calculator here. You have 1 minute.
Find how much Ice will melt if you provide 14 000 000 J to a block of ice at 0º C. Latent heat of fusion of ice is 334 kJ / kg
about 42 000 kg
about 4.7 x 10 ^ 9 grams
about 42 kg
0.0238 kg
Find the energy required to boil 0.250 kg of water away at 100ºC. The Latent Heat of Vapourisation of water is 2260 KJ/kg.
Lv of water = 2260 kJ per kg
565 000 J
565 J
9040 J
9.040 J
Which is not a change of state
Melting
Boiling
Sublimation
Frosting
What is the graph called?
Melting and Boiling graph
Temperature Graph
Heating Curve of a substance
Graph of Temperature and heating up
At which point does the substance finish boiling
B
C
E
F
D
In gases, pressure is
directly proportional to volume
inversely proportional to volume
directly proportional to friction
inversely proportional to heat
Gas pressure is caused by
Gas molecules heating up
Gas molecules reacting with other gas molecules
Gas molecules hitting the walls of a container
Gas molecules hitting other gas molecules
The temperature of gas is held constant, while its volume is decreased. The pressure exerted by the gas on the wall of the container increases, because its molecules
Strike the walls with higher velocities
Strike the walls with large farce
Strike the walls more frequently
Are in contact with the walls for a shorter time
The pressure of the gas in the balloon in the ice water will be:
Greater than that of the balloon in the boiling water.
Less than that of the balloon in the boiling water.
The same as that of the balloon in the boiling water.
Not enough information to answer the statement.
The pressure inside the syringe will decrease if we move the plunger in:
Direction A
Direction B
We don't have to move the plunger as the pressure will change on its own.
None of the above answers.
The reason gases can be compressed is because:
The particles are very close together.
The particles are merely vibrating.
The particles are unable to move.
The particles are very far apart.
In order to find the density of a regular object you must (check all that apply)
Find the volume
Calculate the weight
Measure the mass
Place it in a measuring cylinder
Divide the mass by volume
To find the density of an irregular object you must (check all that apply)
Find the weight
Measure the length
Place in a measuring cylinder that contains a volume of liquid
Calculate the difference in volume before and after placing the object inside
Find the mass and divide it by the volume
Which is true of liquids?
Particles arranged in an ordered manner
Particles are not touching one another.
Particles are quite closely packed
Particles can vibrate but not move around
A cube of metal has side 2 cm. It weighs 10g. Find its density.
5 g / cm3
20 g / cm3
0.2 g / cm3
1.25 g / cm3
The internal energy of a substance is made up of these two parts:
elastic energy and potential energy
internal energy and vibration energy
potential energy and kinetic energy
kinetic energy and elastic energy
When we increase the kinetic energy of particles we also increase their .............?
mass
temperature
size
area
When a substance is getting hotter, which internal energy store is increasing?
gravitational
potential
kinetic
elastic
The temperature at which a substance changes state from a solid to a liquid is called the ...............?
melting point
boiling point
evaporation point
turning point
What is happening at point D?
The iron has disappeared
The iron has stopped melting
The iron is getting colder
The iron is starting to boil
What is the melting point of iron?
0 oC
1500 oC
2800 oC
3300 oC
What happens to particles during changes of state between solid and liquid.
Particles move so fast they break from their fixed position.
Particles melt and become a liquid.
Particles find a circular orbit around an atom's nucleus.
Particles stop vibrating and change into their liquid form.
Which properties do solids have?
definite shape and volume
no definite shape and a definite volume
no definite shape and no definite volume
What properties do gases have?
definite shape and volume
no definite shape and a definite volume
no definite shape and no definite volume
