The original "Malin Kundang" story is set at a specific location, the Air Manis Beach in Padang, West Sumatra. Malin Kundang tells the story of an ungrateful son who is cursed into stone by his mother.

If you visit the beach, you can see a stone believed to be the cursed Malin Kundang because it is shaped like a person face-down on his knees begging for forgiveness.

Another folktale from West Kalimantan called "Batu Menangis" ("The Crying Stone") has a story very similar to Malin Kundang, but no "crying stone" has ever been discovered in the area.

There are some differences between the two stories. Malin Kundang, in the beginning of the story, is a hard-working, obedient young man. He sails the world to get more money to support his mother. After many years, Malin comes back a rich man. New, vain Malin now refuses to be associated with his poor mother. That's when the mother prays for him to be transformed into stone.

Meanwhile, Batu Menangis's main character is a spoiled girl who never lifts a finger to help her mother. Instead, she keeps saying to people that the mother is actually her maid. Mother finally has enough and prays to God that the girl is turned into stone.

That's when the mother prays for him to be transformed into stone. The word transformed has similar meaning with ...

A long time ago, very few people lived in the New Territories. There were only a few villages. If the people wanted to go from one village to another, they often had to pass through wild and unsafe forest.

One day, a farmer’s young wife went to the next village to visit her own mother and brother. She brought along her baby son. When it was time for her to leave, her brother said “ it is getting dark. Let my son, Ah Tim go with you though the forest.”

So Ah Tim led the way and the young woman followed behind, carrying her baby. When they were in the forest, suddenly they saw a group of wolves. They began to run to avoid the danger, but Ah Tim kicked against a stone and fell down. At once the wolves caught him. The young woman cried to the wolves, “ please eat my own son instead.” Then, she put her baby son on the ground in front of the wolves and took her nephew away. Everyone understood that this was because the woman was very good and kind. She had offered her own son’s life to save her brother.

They ran back to the house and called for help. All men in the village fetched thick sticks and went back with her into the forest. When they got there, they saw something very strange. Instead of eating the woman’s baby the wolves were playing with him.

The woman gave her son to the wolves because...

There are three structure of legends. One of them is Complication.

Complication is ...

Shela: hi mela, what did you do last night?

Mela: ……………….

A Long time ago, up on the Kamboi Rama mountain, there were two villages, Kamboi Rama and Aroempu. Kamboi Rama was a residence for Kamboi people, and Aroempu was a sago plantation owned by God Iriwonawani, who also owned a tifa. Whenever the tifa is played, the Kamboi people would gather. Every day, the Kamboi women would go to Aroempu to cut sago for their meals. As time passed by, the sago trees were becoming scarcer. God Iriwonawani got really angry, “Get out of here! Don’t just cut but sow and plant!” Because they were scared, the Kamboi people moved to the coastal area and named themselves Randuayaivi. However, upon the mountain, there still lived a couple of husband and wife, Irimiami and Isoray.

One day, on their way home after a hunt in the jungle, being tired, Irimiami and Isoray decided to rest. Irimiami sat on the ground leaning on a tree. Meanwhile, Isoray was still finding a place to sit. She saw a large stone and thought that it would be comfortable to sit on. As she sat, all of a sudden, Isoray shouted and jumped off the stone.  “Ouch! The stone is so hot that I almost got burned!” Isoray cried. “What is it, dear?” Irimiami who almost fell asleep immediately stood up, startled by his wife’s screams. “I don’t know what happened either, but this stone feels really hot.” answered Isoray in panic. A short time later, in their astonishment, smoke came out of that stone. Curious, Irimiami tried to sit on that stone. “Ouch! It’s really hot!” he shouted. Becoming more curious, the couple decided to test the stone’s heat. “How if we put this venison on that stone?” said Irimiami. “Let’s just try, dear,” answered Isoray. Exquisite smells came from the burning meat. As it was ready, they ate them up. “What a delicious piece of meat” or “This meat is so delicious,” Irimiami said happily. Unsatisfied with what they had found, they continued testing the stone. “Let’s try to put these bamboo stems,” said Isoray. “Let’s try these grass and leaves,” Irimiami added. “How about that timber!” shouted Isoray. Day by day, they kept on testing the stone.

One bright day, they gathered more grasses and put them on the stone. The grasses burned quickly and spread to the surrounding plants, the fire got bigger. They started to panic. “My husband, we’ve burned this place.” Isoray cried in fear. “It’s a big disaster and we can’t stop. Let’s meet God Iriwonawani for help,” said Irimiami in tremble. They ran to God Iriwonawani. “My Lord, please help us put out the fire,” begged them. “Well, I shall help on the condition that you stop that harming act of yours,” said the God. “We promise, my Lord,” they said. With a magical power, the fire could finally be stopped. Nevertheless, it seemed that they had not learned from their mistakes. They kept on testing the stone, until one day they started a really big fire that did not stop for seven days and nights. They were really terrified and could not do anything but asked God Iriwonawai for help. Finally, the sounds of the tifa were heard again after a long time. All Randuayaivi people ran to Kamboi mountain, witnessed the burning forest which was again successfully extinguished by God Iriwonawani. On the mountain, Irimiami and Isoray finally told the story of ‘the holy stone.’ The following day, all Randuayaivi people came back to the mountain bringing food items. All those food items were put on the holy stone and the traditional feast took place for three days and nights. All the people chanted and danced around the holy stone, worshipping it and passing the holy stone story. People of Papua, particularly those of the Yapen islands, sanctify the fire stone hitherto. The stone has become a sacred stone that they worship annually.

What is the legend about?

A Long time ago, up on the Kamboi Rama mountain, there were two villages, Kamboi Rama and Aroempu. Kamboi Rama was a residence for Kamboi people, and Aroempu was a sago plantation owned by God Iriwonawani, who also owned a tifa. Whenever the tifa is played, the Kamboi people would gather. Every day, the Kamboi women would go to Aroempu to cut sago for their meals. As time passed by, the sago trees were becoming scarcer. God Iriwonawani got really angry, “Get out of here! Don’t just cut but sow and plant!” Because they were scared, the Kamboi people moved to the coastal area and named themselves Randuayaivi. However, upon the mountain, there still lived a couple of husband and wife, Irimiami and Isoray.

One day, on their way home after a hunt in the jungle, being tired, Irimiami and Isoray decided to rest. Irimiami sat on the ground leaning on a tree. Meanwhile, Isoray was still finding a place to sit. She saw a large stone and thought that it would be comfortable to sit on. As she sat, all of a sudden, Isoray shouted and jumped off the stone.  “Ouch! The stone is so hot that I almost got burned!” Isoray cried. “What is it, dear?” Irimiami who almost fell asleep immediately stood up, startled by his wife’s screams. “I don’t know what happened either, but this stone feels really hot.” answered Isoray in panic. A short time later, in their astonishment, smoke came out of that stone. Curious, Irimiami tried to sit on that stone. “Ouch! It’s really hot!” he shouted. Becoming more curious, the couple decided to test the stone’s heat. “How if we put this venison on that stone?” said Irimiami. “Let’s just try, dear,” answered Isoray. Exquisite smells came from the burning meat. As it was ready, they ate them up. “What a delicious piece of meat” or “This meat is so delicious,” Irimiami said happily. Unsatisfied with what they had found, they continued testing the stone. “Let’s try to put these bamboo stems,” said Isoray. “Let’s try these grass and leaves,” Irimiami added. “How about that timber!” shouted Isoray. Day by day, they kept on testing the stone.

One bright day, they gathered more grasses and put them on the stone. The grasses burned quickly and spread to the surrounding plants, the fire got bigger. They started to panic. “My husband, we’ve burned this place.” Isoray cried in fear. “It’s a big disaster and we can’t stop. Let’s meet God Iriwonawani for help,” said Irimiami in tremble. They ran to God Iriwonawani. “My Lord, please help us put out the fire,” begged them. “Well, I shall help on the condition that you stop that harming act of yours,” said the God. “We promise, my Lord,” they said. With a magical power, the fire could finally be stopped. Nevertheless, it seemed that they had not learned from their mistakes. They kept on testing the stone, until one day they started a really big fire that did not stop for seven days and nights. They were really terrified and could not do anything but asked God Iriwonawai for help. Finally, the sounds of the tifa were heard again after a long time. All Randuayaivi people ran to Kamboi mountain, witnessed the burning forest which was again successfully extinguished by God Iriwonawani. On the mountain, Irimiami and Isoray finally told the story of ‘the holy stone.’ The following day, all Randuayaivi people came back to the mountain bringing food items. All those food items were put on the holy stone and the traditional feast took place for three days and nights. All the people chanted and danced around the holy stone, worshipping it and passing the holy stone story. People of Papua, particularly those of the Yapen islands, sanctify the fire stone hitherto. The stone has become a sacred stone that they worship annually.

What kind of persons are Irimiami and Isoray?

The Legend of Tangkuban Perahu

Dayang Sumbi was exiled in the jungle because she was unmarried but pregnant. She gave birth to a baby boy and named him Sangkuriang.

One day he went hunting with his dog, si Tumang. In the bush, he saw a pig, Wayungyang. He wanted to shoot Wayungyang but si Tumang hindered him. He was angry at it and killed it, and then took its heart home. When he told that it was si Tumang’s heart, she was very angry and hit Sangkuriang’s head with a spoon. And he ran away and left his mother to the east. He did not know himself and forgot his name. He was about 16 years of age.

After a long time, Sangkuriang came back to the jungle where his mother lived. She looked younger than her age, so Sangkuriang fell in love with her. “Will you marry me?’’ one day he asked her. Dayang Sumbi refused because she recognized that he was her son. He insisted on marrying her, and Dayang Sumbi asked for two marriage settlements. One, he had to dam the Citarum river, and two, he had to make a boat in one night

Sangkuriang almost finished his work, but Dayang Sumbi cheated him. He was angry and kicked the boat. The boat fell upside down on the peak of the mountain. It was known as Tangkuban Perahu, at the northern of Bandung, West Java

Who is the main character of the story above?

The Legend of Tangkuban Perahu

Dayang Sumbi was exiled in the jungle because she was unmarried but pregnant. She gave birth to a baby boy and named him Sangkuriang.

One day he went hunting with his dog, si Tumang. In the bush, he saw a pig, Wayungyang. He wanted to shoot Wayungyang but si Tumang hindered him. He was angry at it and killed it, and then took its heart home. When he told that it was si Tumang’s heart, she was very angry and hit Sangkuriang’s head with a spoon. And he ran away and left his mother to the east. He did not know himself and forgot his name. He was about 16 years of age.

After a long time, Sangkuriang came back to the jungle where his mother lived. She looked younger than her age, so Sangkuriang fell in love with her. “Will you marry me?’’ one day he asked her. Dayang Sumbi refused because she recognized that he was her son. He insisted on marrying her, and Dayang Sumbi asked for two marriage settlements. One, he had to dam the Citarum river, and two, he had to make a boat in one night

Sangkuriang almost finished his work, but Dayang Sumbi cheated him. He was angry and kicked the boat. The boat fell upside down on the peak of the mountain. It was known as Tangkuban Perahu, at the northern of Bandung, West Java

Why was Dayang Sumbi exiled in the jungle? She ...

Social function of a legend is the same as any narrative text, that is to_____

What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

What lesson can we learn from the story?

The moral value of the story is ….

What is Narrative Text?

One of these are not included in Narrative Text, They are?

One of the paragraph in Narrative Text introduces the character, the place and time the story take place, and set the scene, which is called ?

According to he story, Tumang was …...

What is the name of the king who invaded the kingdom of Klungkung ?

What happened when Made Surati bodies thrown into the river ?

"But such a request was rejected". (par. 3)

The opposite of "rejected" is .....

What is Kebo Iwa’s characteristic?

What kingdom wanted to attack Bali?

What is the best title of the text above?

What can we learn from the text?

What is the complication in paragraph 3?

1. Lake Toba was created because the man's wife anger

2. The man married to the woman who was originally fish and had two daughters

3. The man was angry to his daughter because the have eaten his lunch

4. The man met a beautiful girl and fell in love

5. The man broke his promise by telling that his daughters were daughters of fish

Analyze the jumbled sequences of The Legend of Lake Toba above, and arrange it to the correct order!

What are the themes of myths often connected to?

What is narrative text?

Here is the example of myth

Which sentence can be a part of narrative text?

"I see the clouds.". Mark said.

"My mother is taking the bus to work tomorrow". He said.

Mary: "I went skiing."

Mom: "I won't buy you a new car.”

"I haven't seen Julie"

He told me that he ________ Julie.

He said he had left two days before.

Sintawati said to Mother: “I want to buy new dress so that my friends look me beautifully on my birthday party.”