This is hosted by an OS and is commonly used with client-side virtualization. It needs OS to run on computer.

bare-metal hypervisor and typically used with server virtualization. It runs directly on the hardware of a host and manages the allocation of system resources to virtual operating systems.

enables a single computer to host multiple independent virtual computers that share the host computer hardware.

has its own OS and connect to hardware resources through software running on the host computer.

enables a single computer to host multiple independent virtual computers that share the host computer hardware.

This is hosted by an OS and is commonly used with client-side virtualization. It needs OS to run on computer.

has its own OS and connect to hardware resources through software running on the host computer.

bare-metal hypervisor and typically used with server virtualization. It runs directly on the hardware of a host and manages the allocation of system resources to virtual operating systems.

enables a single computer to host multiple independent virtual computers that share the host computer hardware.

has its own OS and connect to hardware resources through software running on the host computer.

This is hosted by an OS and is commonly used with client-side virtualization. It needs OS to run on computer.

bare-metal hypervisor and typically used with server virtualization. It runs directly on the hardware of a host and manages the allocation of system resources to virtual operating systems.

Keep all components in antistatic bags until you are ready to install them.

Use grounded mats on workbenches.

Use grounded floor mats in work areas.

Original power supply for legacy computer systems, now considered old.

needed at least, so a person can feel ESD.

can damage a computer component.

if discharge causes pain or makes a noise.

Use antistatic wrist straps when working inside computers.

if discharge causes pain or makes a noise.

can damage a computer component.

Use grounded mats on workbenches.

needed at least, so a person can feel ESD.

this form factor is often used for home theater PCs (HTPCs).

vertically-oriented case, typically located on the floor under, or beside, a desk or table.

Called a mini-tower or small form factor (SFF) model. Commonly found in the corporate environment.

All of the computer system components are integrated into the display.

this form factor is often used for home theater PCs (HTPCs).

vertically-oriented case, typically located on the floor under, or beside, a desk or table.

Called a mini-tower or small form factor (SFF) model. Commonly found in the corporate environment.

All of the computer system components are integrated into the display.

Called a mini-tower or small form factor (SFF) model. Commonly found in the corporate environment.

this form factor is often used for home theater PCs (HTPCs).

vertically-oriented case, typically located on the floor under, or beside, a desk or table.

All of the computer system components are integrated into the display.

Updated version of the AT, also considered old.

Most common power supply. It includes a second motherboard connector to provide dedicated power to the CPU

Originally designed for network servers, but, now commonly used in high-end desktop models.

Original power supply for legacy computer systems, now considered old.

Updated version of the AT, also considered old.

Originally designed for network servers, but, now commonly used in high-end desktop models.

All of the computer system components are integrated into the display.

The most common voltages are - 3.3V, 5V, 12V.

Original power supply for legacy computer systems, now considered old.

Updated version of the AT, also considered old.

Most common power supply. It includes a second motherboard connector to provide dedicated power to the CPU.

Originally designed for network servers, but, now commonly used in high-end desktop models.

Original power supply for legacy computer systems, now considered old.

Originally designed for network servers, but, now commonly used in high-end desktop models.

Most common power supply. It includes a second motherboard connector to provide dedicated power to the CPU.

Updated version of the AT, also considered old.

3.3V

5V

12V.

6V

12V

5V

2.3V

3.3V

used by digital circuits.

to run motors in disk drives and fans.

commonly used in high-end desktop models.

It includes a second motherboard connector to provide dedicated power to the CPU.

Connects disk drives;

Connects to the motherboard;

Connects hard drives, optical drives, or other devices;

Connect to legacy floppy drives;

a disk drive interface used for connecting optical drives, hard drives, and solid-state drives to the motherboard

Connects disk drives;

Connects hard drives, optical drives, or other devices;

Smaller than a Molex connector;

Connects hard drives, optical drives, or other devices;

20-pin connector has two rows of 10 pins each;

Connector is wider and thinner than a Molex connector

Connector has two rows of three to four pins and supplies power to internal components

Connects hard drives, optical drives, or other devices;

Connect to legacy floppy drives;

Smaller than a Molex connector;

Connector has two rows of two to four pins and supplies power to different areas of the motherboard;

Connects to the motherboard;

Connects hard drives, optical drives, or other devices;

Connect to legacy floppy drives;

Connects disk drives;

Connector has two rows of two to four pins and supplies power to different areas of the motherboard;

Smaller than a Molex connector;

24-pin connector has two rows of 12 pins each;

20-pin connector has two rows of 10 pins each;

Connector has two rows of three to four pins and supplies power to internal components

Connector has two rows of two to four pins and supplies power to different areas of the motherboard;

Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX)

Micro-ATX

Mini-ITX

Mini-ATX

Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX)

Micro-ATX

Mini-ITX

Popular because of its very small size. Its form factor uses very little power, so fans are not needed to keep it cool.

The most common motherboard form factor. The ATX power supply connects to the motherboard via a single 20-pin connector.

Smaller form factor that is designed to be backward-compatible with ATX. Micro-ATX motherboards are much smaller than ATX motherboards and have fewer expansion slots.

The most common motherboard form factor. The ATX power supply connects to the motherboard via a single 20-pin connector.

Popular because of its very small size. Its form factor uses very little power, so fans are not needed to keep it cool.

Smaller form factor that is designed to be backward-compatible with ATX. Micro-ATX motherboards are much smaller than ATX motherboards and have fewer expansion slots.

PGA

RISC

LGA

CISC

PGA

LGA

CPU

the pins are in the socket instead of on the CPU.

the pins are on the underside of the CPU and is inserted into socket using zero insertion force (ZIF).

Very fast. Uses a small set of instructions.

Slow

Heat Sink

Case Fan

Heat Sink

Case Fan

temporary working storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU.

can only be programmed once.

The instructions stored in ROM include basic operation instructions such as booting the computer and loading the operating system. Non-volatile.

data can be electrically erased, often used to store BIOS.

temporary working storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU.

The instructions stored in ROM include basic operation instructions such as booting the computer and loading the operating system. Non-volatile.

PROM - can only be programmed once.

EPROM - data can be erased by exposing to strong ultraviolet light.

EEPROM - data can be electrically erased, often used to store BIOS.

DRAM (Dynamic)- old technology.

data can be electrically erased, often used to store BIOS.

can only be programmed once.

data can be erased by exposing to strong ultraviolet light

184 pin connector, uses 2.5V

DDR2 SDRAM

DDR3 SDRAM

DDR4 SDRAM

DDR5 SDRAM

special RAM for Graphics

184 pin connector, uses 2.5V

288 pin connector, uses 1.2V

240 pin connector, uses 1.5V

is individual memory chip. DIP has dual rows of pins.

is small circuit board that holds several memory chips. Has 30-pin or 72-pin configurations.

is circuit board that holds SDRAM, DDR 1,2,3,4,5 chips.

smaller DIMM. Used in laptops, printers, and other

is circuit board that holds SDRAM, DDR 1,2,3,4,5 chips.

168-pin, 184-pin, 240-pin, and 288-pin.

is individual memory chip. DIP has dual rows of pins.

small circuit board that holds several memory chips. Has 30-pin or 72-pin configurations.

smaller DIMM. Used in laptops, printers, and other.

144-pin, 200-pin, 204-pin, and 260-pin.

circuit board that holds SDRAM, DDR 1,2,3,4,5 chips.

168-pin, 184-pin, 240-pin, and 288-pin.

smaller DIMM. Used in laptops, printers, and other.

144-pin, 200-pin, 204-pin, and 260-pin.

-------------------------------------------

is individual memory chip. DIP has dual rows of pins.

is small circuit board that holds several memory chips. Has 30-pin or 72-pin configurations.

is individual memory chip. DIP has dual rows of pins.

is small circuit board that holds several memory chips. Has 30-pin or 72-pin configurations.

is circuit board that holds SDRAM, DDR 1,2,3,4,5 chips.

168-pin, 184-pin, 240-pin, and 288-pin.

smaller DIMM. Used in laptops, printers, and other.

144-pin, 200-pin, 204-pin, and 260-pin.

L1

L2

L3

L4

internal cashe

external cashe

external

internal

is used on some high-end workstations and server CPUs.

used on some high-end workstations and server CPUs.

internal cache.

external cache.

Much smaller version of SD. Used in smartphones and tablets.

used in cameras, MP3 players, and laptops. SD cards can hold as much as 2 TB of data.

A version between SD and microSD card. Used for mobile phones.

Older format, but still in use because of its high speed and high capacity. It is used as storage for video cameras.

Much smaller version of SD. Used in smartphones and tablets.

was used in some digital cameras.

Sony flash memory used in cameras, MP3 players, hand-held video game systems, mobile phones, cameras, and other portable electronics.

Older format, but still in use because of its high speed and high capacity. It is used as storage for video cameras.

used in cameras, MP3 players, and laptops. SD cards can hold as much as 2 TB of data.

A version between SD and microSD card. Used for mobile phones.

Much smaller version of SD. Used in smartphones and tablets.

Sony flash memory used in cameras, MP3 players, hand-held video game systems, mobile phones, cameras, and other portable electronics.

Much smaller version of SD. Used in smartphones and tablets.

was used in some digital cameras.

Older format, but still in use because of its high speed and high capacity. It is used as storage for video cameras.

used in cameras, MP3 players, and laptops. SD cards can hold as much as 2 TB of data.

Sony flash memory used in cameras, MP3 players, hand-held video game systems, mobile phones, cameras, and other portable electronics.

was used in some digital cameras.

Much smaller version of SD. Used in smartphones and tablets.

Older format, but still in use because of its high speed and high capacity. It is used as storage for video cameras.

was used in some digital cameras.

A version between SD and microSD card. Used for mobile phones.

Sony flash memory used in cameras, MP3 players, hand-held video game systems, mobile phones, cameras, and other portable electronics.

Much smaller version of SD. Used in smartphones and tablets.

Secure digital (SD)

MicroSD

MiniSD

CompactFlash

Memory Stick

provides additional features and security to legacy BIOS.

all motherboards need it to operate. BIOS is a ROM chip on the motherboard that contains a small program.

is a process when a computer is booted, and BIOS performs a hardware check on the main components of the computer.

hard drive can be encrypted to prevent data theft.

UEFI security standard.

hard drive can be encrypted to prevent data theft.

security feature that consists of two programs; the Persistence Module and the Application Agent. Locates, Locks and Deletes data.

chip designed to secure hardware by storing encryption keys, digital certificates, passwords, and data.

security feature that consists of two programs; the Persistence Module and the Application Agent. Locates, Locks and Deletes data.

provides additional features and security to legacy BIOS.

is a process when a computer is booted, and BIOS performs a hardware check on the main components of the computer.

provides additional features and security to legacy BIOS.

UEFI security standard.

is a process when a computer is booted, and BIOS performs a hardware check on the main components of the computer

hard drive can be encrypted to prevent data theft.

UEFI security standard.

hard drive can be encrypted to prevent data theft.

security feature that consists of two programs; the Persistence Module and the Application Agent. Locates, Locks and Deletes data.

chip designed to secure hardware by storing encryption keys, digital certificates, passwords, and data.

True

False

chip designed to secure hardware by storing encryption keys, digital certificates, passwords, and data.

security feature that consists of two programs; the Persistence Module and the Application Agent. Locates, Locks and Deletes data.

False

True

True

False

made up of two or more clouds where each part remains a distinctive object, but both are connected using a single architecture

Cloud-based applications and services are made available to the general population.

Cloud-based applications and services offered are for a specific organization or entity, such as the government.

Cloud-based applications and services offered are for a specific organization or entity, such as the government.

made up of two or more clouds where each part remains a distinctive object, but both are connected using a single architecture.

Cloud-based applications and services are made available to the general population.

Cloud-based applications and services offered are for a specific organization or entity, such as the government.

made up of two or more clouds where each part remains a distinctive object, but both are connected using a single architecture.

Cloud-based applications and services are made available to the general population.

access to services, such as email, calendar, communication, and office tools over the Internet on a subscription basis.

access to operating systems, development tools, programming languages, and libraries used to develop, test, and deliver applications.

provider manages the network and provides organizations access to network equipment, virtualized network services, storage, software, and supporting network infrastructure.

access to operating systems, development tools, programming languages, and libraries used to develop, test, and deliver applications.

provider manages the network and provides organizations access to network equipment, virtualized network services, storage, software, and supporting network infrastructure.

access to services, such as email, calendar, communication, and office tools over the Internet on a subscription basis.

access to operating systems, development tools, programming languages, and libraries used to develop, test, and deliver applications.

provider manages the network and provides organizations access to network equipment, virtualized network services, storage, software, and supporting network infrastructure.

access to services, such as email, calendar, communication, and office tools over the Internet on a subscription basis.

has its own OS and connect to hardware resources through software running on the host computer.

enables a single computer to host multiple independent virtual computers that share the host computer hardware.

This is hosted by an OS and is commonly used with client-side virtualization. It needs OS to run on computer.

bare-metal hypervisor and typically used with server virtualization. It runs directly on the hardware of a host and manages the allocation of system resources to virtual operating systems.

heated areas of the print head make the image on the special paper, there is no cost for ink or toner.

used to create three-dimensional objects, that are first designed using a computer:

images and text are drawnout of small dots when aprint head hits an ink cloth against the paper.

recreates a digitalimage by sprayingink onto paper.

True

False

Complete loss of AC power.

Reduced voltage level of AC power.

Interference from generators and lightning.

Sudden increase in voltage that lasts for less than 3 nanoseconds.

Reduced voltage level of AC power.

Complete loss of AC power.

Dramatic increase in voltage above the normal flow. Lasts more than 3 nanoseconds.

Sudden increase in voltage that lasts for less than 3 nanoseconds.

Sudden increase in voltage that lasts for less than 3 nanoseconds.

Dramatic increase in voltage above the normal flow. Lasts more than 3 nanoseconds.

Reduced voltage level of AC power.

Complete loss of AC power.

Sudden increase in voltage that lasts for less than 3 nanoseconds.

Dramatic increase in voltage above the normal flow. Lasts more than 3 nanoseconds.

Reduced voltage level of AC power.

Complete loss of AC power.

Surge protector

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS)

Standby power supply (SPS)

Overclocking

Helps protect against damage from surges and spikes.

supplies a consistent level of electrical power.

backup battery.

Helps protect against damage from surges and spikes.

supplies a consistent level of electrical power.

backup battery.

backup battery.

supplies a consistent level of electrical power.

Helps protect against damage from surges and spikes.

technique used when the processor runs slower.

technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed than its original specification.

when multiple pieces of code are executed simultaneously.

HyperTransport (AMD) - when CPU and Northbridge chip have high-speed connection.

technique used when the processor runs slower.

when multiple pieces of code are executed simultaneously.

when CPU and Northbridge chip have high-speed connection.

feature supported by AMD and Intel CPUs, it enables a single processor to act as multiple processors.

when multiple pieces of code are executed simultaneously.

when CPU and Northbridge chip have high-speed connection.

feature supported by AMD and Intel CPUs, it enables a single processor to act as multiple processors.

technique used when the processor runs slower.

when CPU and Northbridge chip have high-speed connection.

feature supported by AMD and Intel CPUs, it enables a single processor to act as multiple processors.

technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed than its original specification.

feature supported by AMD and Intel CPUs, it enables a single processor to act as multiple processors.

when multiple pieces of code are executed simultaneously.

when CPU and Northbridge chip have high-speed connection.

technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed than its original specification.

provides a way to store data across multiple storage devices for availability, reliability, capacity, and redundancy

feature supported by AMD and Intel CPUs, it enables a single processor to act as multiple processors.

enables data to be distributed across multiple drives. This provides a significant performance increase.

technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed than its original specification.

enables data to be distributed across multiple drives. This provides a significant performance increase.

duplicates data on one or more other drives. duplicates data on one or more other drives.

provides basic error checking.

provides fault tolerance up to two failed drives.

duplicates data on one or more other drives.

provides basic error checking.

provides fault tolerance up to two failed drives.

enables data to be distributed across multiple drives. This provides a significant performance increase.

provides basic error checking.

provides fault tolerance up to two failed drives.

enables data to be distributed across multiple drives. This provides a significant performance increase.

provides fault tolerance up to two failed drives.

duplicates data on one or more other drives.

provides basic error checking.

enables data to be distributed across multiple drives. This provides a significant performance increase.

Striping, Minimum number of drives - 2

Mirroring, Minimum number of drives - 2

Striping with parity, Minimum number of drives - 3

Striping with double parity, Minimum number of drives - 4

Mirroring, Minimum number of drives - 2

Striping with double parity, Minimum number of drives - 4

Striping with parity, Minimum number of drives - 3

Mirroring and Striping, Minimum number of drives - 4

Mirroring and Striping, Minimum number of drives - 4

Striping with double parity, Minimum number of drives - 4

Mirroring, Minimum number of drives - 2

Striping, Minimum number of drives - 2

Striping with double parity, Minimum number of drives - 4

Mirroring and Striping, Minimum number of drives - 4

Striping with parity, Minimum number of drives - 3

Mirroring, Minimum number of drives - 2