The layer of gases that surrounds Earth.

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The theory that increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will raise Earth's average temperature.

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A climate event that occurs every two to seven years in the Pacific Ocean, during which winds shift and push warm water toward the coast of South America; it can cause dramatic climate changes.

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The second-lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere; the ozone layer is located here.

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The process by which heat is trapped in the atmosphere by water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and other gases that form a "blanket" around Earth.

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The outer layer of the thermosphere, extending outward into space.

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A climate event in the eastern Pacific Ocean in which surface waters are colder than normal; the opposite of El Nino.

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The amount of mass of a substance in a given volume.

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The flow of air from land to a body of water.

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The flow of cooler air fro over an ocean or lake toward land.

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The layer of the atmosphere that contains a higher concentration of ozone than the rest of the atmosphere.

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Bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth's surface.

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Harmful substances in the air, water, or soil.

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The process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor.

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The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place.

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A swirling center of low air pressure.

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An instrument used to measure changes in air pressure.

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The layer of Earth's atmosphere immediately above the stratosphere; the layer in which most meteoroids burn up.

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The outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere.

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An instrument used to measure wind speed.

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The amount of water vapor in a given volume of air.

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The boundary where unlike air masses meet but do not mix.

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A warm-cold air boundary with the colder air replacing the warmer.

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The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where weather occurs.

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