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Chapter 2 The Roots of US Democracy Test Review 2023

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following was a key figure of the Enlightenment?

a)

Thomas Jefferson

b)

Ben Franklin

c)

John Locke

d)

John Adams

2.

Life, Liberty, and Property are known as John Locke's:

a)

Natural Rights

b)

Social Contract

c)

Preamble

d)

Popular Sovereignty

3.

Which of the following was the first self-government in the colonies?

a)

The Constitution

b)

The Continental Congress

c)

The Mayflower Compact

d)

Mini-Parliament

4.

The Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and the Mayflower Compact all contributed to the idea of:

a)

Individual Rights

b)

Creating a Continental Army

c)

Self-Government

d)

Tyranny

5.

This said that kings were not excluded from laws.

a)

Jamestown

b)

The Declaration of Independence

c)

Magna Carta

d)

Olive Branch Petition

6.
What marked the beginning of self-government in colonial America?
a)

The Mayflower Compact

b)

The House of Burgesses

c)

The Boston Tea Party

d)

The First Continental Congress

7.
Who wrote Common Sense?
a)
Thomas Jefferson
b)
John Locke
c)
Thomas Paine
d)
Charles Thomson
8.
The Declaration of Independence states that among our inalienable rights are “Life, Liberty, and ____.”
a)
independence from Tyranny
b)
the pursuit of Happiness
c)
freedom of Religion
d)
the search for Prosperity
9.
What is the term for a detailed, written plan of government?
a)
constitution
b)
bicameral
c)
compact
d)
confederation
10.
The ____ was the first constitution of the United States of America.
a)
Articles of Confederation
b)
United States Constitution
c)
Mayflower Compact
d)
Declaration of Independence
11.
The Stamp Act taxed colonists on
a)
mail.
b)
newspapers and legal documents.
c)
ink and paper.
d)
tea.
12.
 Which sentence best expresses the point of Benjamin Franklin’s cartoon?
a)
The American colonies are like a dangerous snake.
b)
Great Britain has defeated its colonies’ drive for independence
c)
The New England colonies (N.E.) are the head colonies.
d)
The colonies must be united if they are to prevail against Great Britain.
13.
The Magna Carta, meaning "Great Charter," was signed by King John of England in 1215. The document imposed limits on royal power and guaranteed certain rights and freedoms to the English people. Here is an excerpt from clauses 38-40 of its 63 clauses.
"...In future no official shall place a man on trial upon his own unsupported statement, without producing credible witnesses to the truth of it....No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled, or deprived of his standing in any other way, nor will we proceed with force against him, or send others to do so, except by the lawful judgement of his equals or by the law of the land.      ...To no one will we sell, to no one deny or delay right or justice. "

 In this portion of the Magna Carta, King John grants ____
a)
political rights
b)
economic rights
c)
legal rights
d)
human rights
14.
 Because the Articles of Confederation gave the federal government no power to regulate trade, which of the following occurred?
a)
Trade came to a virtual standstill.
b)
States established high taxes that angered some citizens.
c)
The U.S. lost money in its trade with other nations.
d)
All of these answers are correct. 
15.

two-chamber government

a)

bicameral

b)

proprietary colony

c)

royal colonies

d)

charter colonies

16.

a colony based on a grant of land by the English monarch to a proprietor

a)

royal colonies

b)

proprietary colony

c)

charter colonies

d)

bicameral

17.

colonies directly controlled by the king through an appointed governor

a)

bicameral

b)

proprietary colony a

c)

charter colonies

d)

royal colonies

18.

colonies operated under charters agreed to by the colony and the king

a)

bicameral

b)

charter colonies

c)

proprietary colony a

d)

royal colonies

19.

A system of law thats rests on court decisions

a)

Sonny's Law

b)

Parliment

c)

Common Law

d)

natural rights

20.

Rights to life, liberty, property

a)

Natural Rights

b)

Common Law

c)

Social Contract

d)

Bill of Rights

21.

________ was the document that created the first central government for the United States; it was replaced by the Constitution in 1789.

a)

Articles of Confederation

b)

English Bill of Rights

c)

Declaration of Independence

d)

Magna Carta

22.

____ were a group of people that supported the adoption of the U.S. Constitution and a strong national government.

a)

Loyalists

b)

Federalists

c)

Antifederalists

d)

Anarchists

23.

_______ were a group of people who opposed the adoption of the U.S. Constitution.

a)

Federalists

b)

Torries

c)

Antifederalists

d)

Whigs

24.

Many states refused to ratify the Constitution until the _______ or the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, concerning basic individual liberties, was added.

a)

Bill of Rights

b)

Declaration of Independence

c)

Petition of Rights

d)

federal supremeacy

25.

Also known as _____, these were the delegates of the Constitutional Convention who developed the framework for our government and wrote the Constitution.

a)

Stockholders

b)

Red Coats

c)

Olmec

d)

Framers

26.

_________ was often called the Father of the Constitution because he played a central role in guiding discussion at the Constitutional Convention and wrote the final document.

a)

John Adams

b)

Thomas Jefferson

c)

Samuel Adams

d)

James Madison

27.

The ____ was a proposal to create a unicameral legislature with equal representation of states instead of by population.

a)

Albany Plan of Union

b)

New Jersey Plan

c)

Virginia Plan

d)

Connecticut Plan

28.

The _____ was the plan of government in which the national government would have supreme power and a legislative branch would have two houses with representation determined by state population.

a)

Virginia Plan

b)

New Jersey Plan

c)

The Great Compromise

d)

Albany Plan of Union

29.

_______ was an agreement stating that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted when determining a state’s population for representation in the lower house of Congress.

a)

The Great Compromise

b)

Common Sense

c)

Three-Fifths Compromise

d)

Olive Branch Petition

30.

_____ was a plan for our government that combined elements from both the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan, calling for a bicameral legislature, an executive selected by the people, and a national court system.

a)

Three-Fifths Compromise

b)

The Great Compromise or Connecticut Compromise

c)

Articles of Confederation

d)

One-Tenth Virtual Agreement

31.

This was a meeting of colonial delegates in Philadelphia to decide how to respond to the abuses of authority by the British government.

a)

The Great Compromise

b)

Albany Plan of Union

c)

First Continental Congress

d)

House of Burgesses

32.

The collection of essays called the ________ are considered a classic statement of American political theory.

a)

Charter Papers

b)

Declaration Papers

c)

Antifederalist Papers

d)

Federalist Papers

33.

Term that means consisting of two houses.

a)

Unicameral

b)

House of Burgesses

c)

Bicameral

d)

Parliament

34.

What document officially declared the United States’ independent from Great Britain?

a)

Constitution

b)

English Bill of Rights

c)

Olive Branch Petition

d)

Declaration of Independence

35.

Who was the Founding Father of the United States, that wrote the Declaration of Independence?

a)

Thomas Jefferson

b)

James Madison

c)

George Washington

d)

Benjamin Franklin

36.

The English colonists brought with them knowledge of political systems that influenced constitutional government in North America. 

Which one of these terms below held that the people should have a voice in determining what their government can and cannot do?

a)

Representative Government

b)

Colonial Government

c)

Limited Government

d)

Ordered Government

37.

The concept of limited government holds that:

a)

the government should be based on a charter granted by the king

b)

the government should be abolished

c)

the government should include both a monarch and a Parliament

d)

the government power should be restricted

38.

During the colonial period, developments such as the Mayflower Compact, the New England town meetings, and the establishment of the Virginia House of Burgesses represented:

a)

attempts to build a strong national government

b)

early colonial efforts in self-government and representative government

c)

efforts by the British to strengthen their control over the colonies

d)

colonial protests against British taxation

39.

Use the quote and visual to answer the question - "We must all hang together, or assuredly we shall all hang separately.” —Benjamin Franklin

Based on the quote and image by Benjamin Franklin, what message was he trying to convey?

a)

The thirteen colonies should make peace with Great Britain since they were much more likely to thrive as a colony than as a separate nation

b)

Each of the thirteen colonies should make its own trade and other agreements with Great Britain

c)

The thirteen colonies should work together to better their chance of success of winning independence from Great Britain

d)

The thirteen colonies should enlist the support of other countries as they negotiate with Great Britain over its colonial policies

40.

The tax laws imposed on the colonists by the British government were viewed as unfair and created support for declaring independence because:

a)

the laws did not apply to the British colonists

b)

colonists were taxed without direct representation in Parliament

c)

the laws were designed to regulate trade

d)

British merchants were taxed higher

41.

In addition to stating basic human rights, the Declaration of Independence presented:

a)

a set of rules and procedures for the colonies to govern by

b)

reasons for why the colonists were angry with the colonial governments

c)

a peace treaty with American Indians

d)

a list of complaints against the British King and Parliament

42.

Use the excerpt to answer the question. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, . . .” The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America

Which of the following BEST paraphrases this statement?

a)

People must show allegiance to their king and country throughout their lives

b)

People need to help others understand their basic rights as citizens

c)

People owe their allegiance first to God, then to the monarch

d)

People are born with certain rights that no one can take from them

43.

In the Declaration of Independence, the argument for freedom from British rule is based primarily on the:

a)

divine right theory developed by Thomas Hobbes

b)

the ideas of separation of powers by Montesquieu

c)

social contract theory of government used by John Locke

d)

belief in a strong central government expressed by Alexander Hamilton

44.

The authors of the Declaration of Independence used the phrase “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness” to identify:

a)

Natural Rights

b)

Legal Rights

c)

States Rights

d)

Economic Rights

45.

Which idea is NOT included in the Declaration of Independence?

a)

God gives certain people the right to govern

b)

People have certain natural rights

c)

Government can exist only with the people’s permission

d)

The people may change or abolish the government

46.

The Articles of Confederation set up a weak national government because:

a)

many Americans felt a strong sense of national loyalty

b)

most Americans feared that a strong national government might abuse them

c)

the 13 states seldom needed to work together

d)

no one knew how to create a strong national government

47.

Events like Shay's Rebellion showed that the Articles of Confederation:

a)

were too weak to deal with the growing problems

b)

refused to pay the war debt it owed to the states

c)

permitted the states to make agreement with foreign governments

d)

was the best government for the new states

48.

Why was it difficult to amend the Articles of Confederation?

a)

Amendments required 9/13 states approval

b)

Amendments required 13/13 states approval

c)

The Congress didn't have the power to amend

d)

There was no president to sign off on the amendments

49.

Under the Articles of Confederation, final authority in all matters belonged to:

a)

the President (Executive Branch)

b)

the Supreme Court. (Judicial Branch)

c)

Congress (Legislative Branch)

d)

The States

50.

The government set up by the Articles of Confederation had:

a)

no legislative or judicial branch.

b)

only a legislative and an executive branch.

c)

only a legislative branch, consisting of a bicameral Congress.

d)

only a legislative branch, consisting of a unicameral Congress.

51.

Use the excerpt to answer the question #16. When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty; because apprehensions may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner. - Baron De Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws

French Enlightenment philosopher Baron De Montesquieu praised the British political system because it divided the power of government between the monarch and the two houses of Parliament.  Which principle included in the United States Constitution shows that the framers agreed with Montesquieu?

a)

separation of powers

b)

federal supremacy

c)

implied powers

d)

due process

52.

This excerpt would match which historical document? "The said states hereby severally enter into a firm league of friendship with each other, for their common defense, the security of their Liberties, and their mutual and general welfare, binding themselves to assist each other, against all force offered to, or attacks made upon them, or any of them, on account of religion, sovereignty, trade, or any other pretense whatever."

a)

U.S Constitution

b)

Declaration of Independence

c)

Articles of Confederation

53.

This excerpt would match which historical document? "We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, ensure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."

a)

U.S Constitution

b)

Declaration of Independence

c)

Articles of Confederation

54.

This excerpt would match which historical document? “When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.”

a)

U.S. Constitution

b)

Declaration of Independence

c)

Articles of Confederation

55.

The Magna Carta was a very important document because:

a)

it was the first time in history a representative government was created

b)

it was the first time in history separation of powers was included in a government

c)

it was the first time in history a democracy was created

d)

it was the first time in history a monarch had his power limited

56.

John Locke would most likely agree that:

a)

the state developed out of force

b)

those of royal birth should rule the state

c)

the state exists to serve the will of the people

d)

government should be eliminated

57.

Use the excerpt to answer the question. No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled, or deprived of his standing in any other way . . . except by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land. — Magna Carta

Which of these rights is outlined [included] in the excerpt?

a)

the right to privacy

b)

the right to trial by jury

c)

the right to trial by jury

the right to freedom of speech

d)

the right to freedom of religion

58.

Use the excerpt to answer the question. “We…combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick,. . . unto which we promise all due Submission and Obedience.” — Mayflower Compact

Which idea is reflected in this quotation?

a)

Natural Rights

b)

Social Order

c)

Freedom of Speech

d)

Separation of Powers

59.

Use the excerpt to answer the question. "...that the pretended power of suspending the laws, or the execution of laws, by regal authority, without consent of Parliament is illegal...that levying [imposing] money for or to the use of the Crown... without grant of Parliament...is illegal..."  — English Bill of Rights

Which of the following ideas is expressed in this excerpt?

a)

The king needed the consent of Parliament to appoint advisors and ministers

b)

The king had the right to prosecute illegal petitions protesting royal laws

c)

The king had the power to suspend laws without Parliament’s consent

d)

The king needed the consent of Parliament in order to tax people

60.

During the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the plans for Congress proposed by delegates from New Jersey and Virginia differed mainly over the issue of:

a)

the amount of branches the federal government should have

b)

appointed legislators or elected legislators

c)

equal state representation or proportional representation based on population

d)

power to check other branches or power limited to lawmaking

61.

A major reason Antifederalists opposed ratification of the Constitution was because they believed:

a)

amending the Constitution was too easy

b)

too much power was given to the states

c)

a federal court system would be too weak

d)

individual rights were not adequately protected and they wanted a Bill of Rights

62.

The Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution both provided for:

a)

an executive branch

b)

a legislative branch

c)

a political party system

d)

a judicial branch

63.

Delegates at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 agreed to the Three-Fifths Compromise to solve a dispute directly related to:

a)

The method of presidential election

b)

Representation and taxation of slavery in Congress

c)

The right for blacks to be able to vote

d)

The addition of a bill of rights

64.

What was the primary reason for holding the Constitutional Convention of 1787?

a)

outlaw slavery in both the North and the South

b)

place taxes on imports and exports to improve the poor economy

c)

revise the Articles of Confederation because of the weak federal government

d)

reduce the power of the federal government

65.

The Federalist Papers were published in 1787 and 1788 to help gain support for:

a)

a bill of rights

b)

a stronger central government

c)

a weaker central government

d)

the abolition of slavery and the slave trade

66.

Use the headlines below to answer question #33.

“New Congress to Have Two Houses”

“Slaves to Count as Three-Fifths of a Person”

“President to be Chosen by Electoral Vote”

Which conclusion about the Constitutional Convention is best supported by these headlines?

a)

The framers of the Constitution were able to compromise on important issues

b)

States that were small in area would lose power in the new Constitution

c)

States with large populations controlled the outcome of the convention

d)

The president and Congress would have equal power under the new constitution

67.

What is the correct order the documents were created from earliest to latest?

a)

Declaration of Independence, Magna Carta, U.S. Constitution, Articles of Confederation

b)

Magna Carta, U.S. Constitution, Articles of Confederation, Declaration of Independence

c)

Articles of Confederation, Magna Carta, Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution

d)

Magna Carta, Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, U.S. Constitution

68.

Cause The Stamp Act - Effect __________________

a)

Need for a stronger central government

b)

Defeat of Great Britain in the American Revolution

c)

Stamp Act Congress

69.

Cause - Patriots boarded a ship full of British cargo and dumped it in the harbor to protest a tax. This outraged the king. ------à - Effects ___________________________

a)

Need for a stronger central government

b)

Intolerable Acts

c)

Articles of Confederation

70.

Cause - _______________________________ - Effect - The Continental Congress

a)

Intolerable Acts

b)

Articles of Confederation

c)

Stamp Act Congress

71.

Cause - _____________________________ Effect - The Colonies win independence and America becomes a new nation

a)

Need for a stronger central government

b)

Articles of Confederation

c)

Intolerable Acts

72.

Cause - Need to establish government for a new nation after the Revolutionary War - Effect - _______________________

a)

Defeat of Great Britain in the American Revolution

b)

Stamp Act Congress

c)

Articles of Confederation

73.

Cause - _______________________ - Effect - Constitutional Convention of 1787

a)

Need for a stronger central government

b)

Defeat of Great Britain in the American Revolution

c)

Intolerable Acts

74.

Cause - _______________________ - Effect - Connotational Convention of 1787

a)

Need for a stronger central government

b)

Defeat of Great Britain in the American Revolution

c)

Intolerable Acts

75.

Which group wanted the Constitution to give the federal government enough power to overpower the states?

a)

Federalist

b)

Anti-Federalist

76.

Which group wanted strong president who would be necessary to protect the country against foreign attack and make sure laws are carried out properly?

a)

Federalist

b)

Anti-Federalist

77.

Which group did not want it to be possible for the federal government to overpower the states because the states are a necessary part of the federal government?

a)

Federalist

b)

Anti-Federalist

78.

Which group thought a president created by the Constitution is really just a king?

a)

Federalist

b)

Anti-Federalist

79.

Which group felt the Constitution gives the federal government just a few powers that were well defined?

a)

Federalist

b)

Anti-Federalist

80.

Enlightenment thinkers Locke, Rousseau, and Montesquieu were the source for all of the following US gov't concepts EXCEPT:

a)

social contract

b)

separation of power

c)

equal protection under the law

d)

consent of the governed