can take many forms, from automated vacuums such as the

Roomba to facial recognition programs to Amazons personalized shopping suggestions.

(a)  

focus on two main areas within intelligent systems:

(a)  

One way that such systems can perceive their environment is through (a)   .

Intelligent systems are (a)   that perceive and respond to the

world around them.

Intelligent systems can take (a)   , from automated vacuums such as the

Roomba to facial recognition programs to Amazons personalized shopping suggestions.

Intelligent systems can take many forms, from (a)   such as the

Roomba to facial recognition programs to Amazons personalized shopping suggestions.

Intelligent systems are technologically advanced machines that (a)   to the

world around them.

The study of how computers can understand and interpret visual information from (a)  

emerged in the late 1950s and early 1960s.

The study of how

computers can understand and interpret visual information from static images and video sequences

emerged in the late (a)  

Intelligent systems can take many forms, from automated vacuums such as the

(a)   to facial recognition programs to Amazons personalized shopping suggestions.

It has since grown into a powerful technology that is central

to the (a)   .

Intelligent systems can take many forms, from automated vacuums such as the

Roomba to (a)   to Amazons personalized shopping suggestions.

Intelligent systems can take many forms, from automated vacuums such as the

Roomba to facial recognition programs to (a)   personalized shopping suggestions.

The (a)   that have contributed

to this growth are the exponential growth of processor speed and memory capacity as well as

algorithmic advances.

The key factors that have contributed

to this growth are the exponential growth of (a)   as well as

algorithmic advances.

The key factors that have contributed

to this growth are the (a)   of processor speed and memory capacity as well as

algorithmic advances.

The key factors that have contributed

to this growth are the exponential growth of processor speed and memory capacity as well as (a)   .

The field of (a)   also focuses on how these systems interact with human users in

changing and dynamic physical and social environments.

The field of intelligent systems also focuses on how these systems interact with (a)   in

changing and dynamic physical and social environments.

The field of intelligent systems also focuses on how these systems interact with human users in

(a)   .

possessed little autonomy in

making decisions: they assumed a predictable world and perfumed the same action(s) repeatedly under

the same conditions.

(a)  

Early robots possessed little autonomy in

making decisions: they assumed a (a)   and perfumed the same action(s) repeatedly under

the same conditions.

Early robots possessed little autonomy in

making decisions: they assumed a predictable world and (a)   repeatedly under

the same conditions.

is considered to be an autonomous system that can sense the

environment and can act in a physical world in order to achieve some goals.

(a)  

robot is considered to be an (a)   that can sense the

environment and can act in a physical world in order to achieve some goals.

robot is considered to be an autonomous system that can (a)   and can act in a physical world in order to achieve some goals.

robot is considered to be an autonomous system that can sense the

environment and can (a)   in order to achieve some goals.

are poised to fill a growing number of roles in todays society

(a)  

Applications of intelligent systems

(a)  

Physical sensors/effectors provide limited, noisy and inaccurate

information/action.

(a)  

Therefore, any actions the system takes may be incorrect both due to noise

in the sensors and due to the limitations in executing those actions.

(a)  

The physical world changes continuously, requiring that decisions be made at

fast time scales to accommodate for the changes in the environment.

(a)  

Searching for the optimal path to a goal requires extensive

search through a very large state space, which is computationally expensive.

(a)  

The drawback of

spending too much time on computation is that the world may change in the meantime, thus

rendering the computed plan obsolete.

(a)  

A lot of information is lost in the transformation from the 3D world to the 2D world.

(a)  

Computer vision must deal with challenges including changes in perspective, lighting and scale;

background clutter or motion; and grouping items with intra/inter-class variation.

(a)  

Challenges in intelligent systems

(a)  

Students who want to study intelligent systems will need to be able to understand and integrate

knowledge from various subject areas including:

(a)  

In addition, (a)   are very important.

You will use (a)  

on a regular basis.

are also fundamental skills for all intelligent systems

disciplines.

(a)  

Getting proficient with (a)   is good to do as well.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is changing the way

businesses use technology.

(a)  

is changing the way

businesses use technology.

(a)  

This (a)   and machines gathers information from

gas-oil-water exploration sensors to sensors in corn fields, to medical devices and train control systems;

and it is embedded in smart manufacturing machinery, telemetric and smart meters.

The flow of data

brings new levels of insight to help organizations efficiently pursue opportunities.

(a)  

But to make a complex system of devices communicate with one another in a meaningful way–and do so

profitably–requires infrastructure that is reliable, stable and secure.

(a)  

The phrases (a)   are often used interchangeably by technology

vendors.

Both phrases refer to new and rapidly evolving IT technologies using many smart remote

devices that automatically and securely transmit and receive information via an Internet or cloud

connection to one or more data centers.

(a)  

Both phrases refer to new and rapidly evolving IT technologies using many smart remote

devices that automatically and securely transmit and receive information via an (a)   to one or more data centers.

refer to new and rapidly evolving IT technologies using many smart remote

devices that automatically and securely transmit and receive information via an Internet or cloud

connection to one or more data centers.

(a)  

business intelligence tools then

analyze data and generate reports that can help the business make processes more efficient.

(a)  

refer to new and rapidly evolving IT technologies using many smart remote

devices that automatically and securely transmit and receive information via an Internet or cloud

connection to one or more data centers.

(a)  

Architecture and products must be designed with security in mind.

(a)  

Products and services must secure your data and keep out hackers.

(a)  

This is especially critical to your business if

the data includes financial or payment card industry (PCI) data or any personal data protected

by confidentiality regulations.

(a)  

Internet-connected devices that are deployed in the field are even

more vulnerable to attack than computing devices safeguarded by corporate policies and

security measures inside data centers or private networks.

(a)  

Hackers are able to use devices as

attack surfaces to gain access to enterprise data and infrastructure.

(a)  

The best line of defense is to

ensure that devices are kept up-to-date with security patches and upgrades.

(a)  

 Choose field-proven products that provide high reliability and stability.

(a)  

Even more important is the ability to maintain each of the smart devices and the entire intelligent systems architecture.

(a)  

Simply put, you do not want to build a system consisting of hundreds or thousands

of devices with untested technology.

(a)  

Investigate the means for management of devices in the field when choosing

intelligent system components.

(a)  

Intelligent systems solutions that need field service

engineers on-site to frequently replace or maintain systems are antithetical to cost containment

and profitability.

(a)  

Adding smarter devices to your current enterprise IT infrastructure without

provisioning the IT infrastructure for higher traffic loads and device management means it is not

likely you will benefit fully from the intelligent system.

(a)  

Devices must be integrated into an

architecture that addresses those issues and provides the needed resources.

(a)  

 Having a single platform across the various tiers of an intelligent

system architecture gives your business efficiency, consistency and predictability.

(a)  

Consistency from the edge device through controllers and gateways and back into the data center makes development, integration and maintenance much simpler.

(a)  

 Once the smart device data is

received back at the data center and analyzed, the solution architecture needs to integrate with

your current backend business process management and data visualization tools.

(a)  

If the analysis

tools for the collected data are not part of your current business processes, new tools from

independent software vendors (ISVs) may be needed to improve business efficiency.

(a)  

For example, your data feedback loop might require tools for transformation from raw machine

data formats as well as additional tools to automate and analyze the output.

(a)  

Being able to manage and maintain systems and devices is

critical to maintaining stability, reliability and security.

(a)  

The architecture should provide for

repair, replacement and authorization of the complete solution, including devices,

concentration-gateway devices and the data center.

(a)  

 Power and the ‘last mile’ connection of the devices

and concentration-gateways are significant cost elements in any intelligent systems solution

(a)  

An intelligent systems solution needs to enter into and come back from lower power modes.

(a)  

It must also include low-cost communications technology via cloud, Internet, WiFi, cellular or

enterprise local-area network (LAN) connections.

(a)  

Older embedded devices typically respond

only when polled, but intelligent systems devices report data asynchronously.

(a)  

This leads to a significant increase in traffic.

(a)  

Many devices can store data for later analysis when traffic loads

are too heavy for transmission.

(a)  

 Choose solutions that already have ISV certifications and are compliant with

appropriate local, national, financial, government or regulatory agencies.

(a)  

 Mature, tested products with a record of reliability and

long-term product support can reduce the cost and complexity of maintaining a solution

deployed in the field.

(a)  

Older embedded systems often have a “build it and forget it” mentality.

(a)  

Intelligent systems are dynamic and perform best when properly maintained.

(a)  

Devices must be updated.

(a)  

Patches offer fixes, security improvements and new features and functionality that are

needed throughout the service life cycle.

(a)  

An intelligent system design automates as much of the

update process as possible.

(a)  

10 areas should be addressed when designing

intelligent systems architecture.

(a)  

(ISVs)

(a)