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Unit 5: Protein Synthesis RETEST Review

Total questions: 43

Worksheet time: 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which process is shown?
a)
diffusion
b)
repiration
c)
recombination
d)
translation
2.
Which of the following is the blueprint for the production of RNA within a cell?
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
ATO
d)
carbohydrate
3.
The DNA sequence ATCAGCGCTGGC is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this message?
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
4.
What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?
a)
DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
b)
Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
c)
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
d)
A cell is composed of DNA and protein
5.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
6.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
7.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
cytoplasm
d)
smooth ER
8.
Where does translation take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Golgi Body
d)
Cytoplasm
9.
DNA sequence is ACAGTGC. How would this be coded on mRNA?
a)
TGTCACG
b)
UGUCACG
c)
GUGACAU
d)
CACUGUA
10.
Which of the following is incorrect regarding RNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil
b)
RNA can only be found inside the nucleus
c)
RNA is single stranded
d)
RNA contains genetic information
11.
What nitrogen base is in DNA but NOT RNA?
a)
uracil
b)
thymine
c)
guanine
d)
adenine
12.
This cannot leave the nucleus
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both
13.
Which is the mRNA molecule that would be transcribed from this DNA template:
TGGCAA
a)
ACCGTT
b)
UGGCAA
c)
UCCGUU
d)
ACCGUU
14.
Carries the genetic code to the ribosome
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
DNA
15.
Which of the following sequences of processes correctly reflects the central dogma?
a)
protein synthesis, transcription, translation
b)
protein synthesis, translation, transcription
c)
transcription, translation, protein synthesis
d)
translation, transcription, protein synthesis
16.

What can control how often a gene is used, aka gene expression?

a)

Your DNA sequence

b)

Your genetic code

c)

Your environmental factors / external factors

d)

Your protein composition

17.

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following are environmental factors that control gene expression?

a)

Nutrition

b)

Amount of Exercise

c)

Sun Exposure

d)

DNA Sequence

18.

In a family of pitbulls, all of the dogs have grey fur. Then, a puppy is born with black fur. Which of the following best explains how this new trait emerged?

a)

A genetic mutation changed the puppy's fur color

b)

Environmental factors changed the puppy's fur color

c)

The puppy is missing a chromosome

d)

The puppy has more DNA than the other dogs

19.

Two twins have identical DNA. As one of them grows up, they get less nutrients, which makes them stop growing. What is causing them to be the shorter twin?

a)

Differences in genetic code

b)

Differences in gene expression

c)

Differences in chromosome numbers

d)

Differences in amount of DNA

20.

Excessive exposure to sunlight can cause skin cancer. In this scenario, skin cancer is caused by:

a)

External / environmental factors

b)

The DNA sequence

c)

The number of chromosomes in a cell

d)

The amount of DNA in the nucleus

21.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
22.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose
23.

Transcribe the following DNA strand: CTG AAT

a)

GAC TTA

b)

CTG AAT

c)

GAC UUA

d)

CUG AAU

24.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
25.
One difference between DNA and RNA is that RNA....
a)
is double stranded 
b)
contains the base Thymine
c)
contains the base Uracil 
d)
contained the base Guanine
26.
The anti-codon 
a)
contains a sequence the same as the codon
b)
contains a sequence complementary to the codon 
c)
contains the base thymine
27.
tRNA is involved in
a)
carrying amino acids 
b)
carrying ribosomes
c)
carrying glucose
d)
carrying lipids
28.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
29.
Which process is happening in this picture?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
30.
Which of the following molecules is created during TRANSCRIPTION?
a)
Protein
b)
DNA
c)
mRNA
d)
tRNA
31.
Which of the following molecules is created during TRANSLATION?
a)
Protein
b)
DNA
c)
mRNA
d)
tRNA
32.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
33.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
34.
Which change below would result in a different Amino Acid? 
3'-GCT-5'
a)
GTT
b)
TCT
c)
TCC
d)
GCA
35.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-C-C-A-A
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Deletion
c)
Base Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
36.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G
a)
deletion frameshift
b)
insertion frameshift
c)
substitution
d)
nonsense
37.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Insertion
c)
Base Inversion
d)
Translocation
38.
A mutation that does NOT show up through protein function is called
a)
deletion mutation
b)
inversion mutation
c)
silent mutation
d)
transverse mutation
39.

A substitution mutation that has no effect

on amino acids sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

40.

A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Silent Mutation

c)

Frameshift Mutation

d)

Translocation

41.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
42.

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

43.
Why is the order of amino acids so important?
a)
The order of amino acids dictates what shape the protein will fold into.
b)
It is not important. The protein folding chamber will force the protein to fold into the correct shape.

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