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WorksheetsA&P1 Test 3: Muscular
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 17mins
Muscular atrophy is characterized by...
Loss of myofibrils
wasting away of muscles
increase in diameter of fibers
decrease in diameter of fibers
How can you increase the number of muscle fibers in a muscle?
Epinephrine and Testosterone supplements
High Fiber Diet
Exercise
You can't
What are the measurable markers of muscle damage?
Increased plasma myoglobin and creatine kinase
Bone damage and muscle distrypoxia testing
Decreased ACH and action potentials
Decreased SR diameter and speed of Ca2+ release
True or False: Muscle tissue is poorly vascularized and innervated
True
False
What causes hypertrophy?
Genetic history
Poor sleep and old age
Repeated mechanical overload
Disuse and denervation
A sarcomere is sandwiched between two ____________, which are composed of ________.
A bands; myosin
Z discs; alpha-actinin
M lines; myomesin
Z disc; actin
Ca2+ binds to which of the following regulatory proteins?
Tropomyosin
Titin
Troponin
Actin
Which disorder is characterized by malformation of the protein that helps attach a sarcomere to the cell membrane?
Rhabdomyolysis
Myasthenia Grevis
Hypotonicity
Muscular Dystrophy
Which of the following structural proteins belong to the thin filament?
Myosin
Myomesin
Nebulin
Titin
_______ will bind to _______ and pull on it, resulting in the shortening of the sarcomere
Actin; Myosin
Myosin; Actin
Calcium; Troponin
Calcium: Tropomyosin
What are the three types of muscular tissue?
skeletal, visceral smooth, cardiac
skeletal, nervous, cardiac
cartilage, dense, connective
skeletal, striated, nonstriated
What are the characteristics of muscular tissue?
voluntary, involuntary
ligaments, tendons, muscles
excitability, contractility, extensibility, elasticity
contractile, extensible, elastic
Fascia is a collagen rich ____ tissue
hyaline cartilage
fibrous connective
myocardium
What are the layers of muscle tissue from superficial to deep?
epimysium > endomysium > perimysium
perimysium > epimysium > endomysium
endomysium > perimysium > epimysium
epimysium > perimysium > endomysium
Myasthenia gravis is an immune system disorder that causes muscle weakness, which is caused by...
High concentration of ACh
Degradation of ACh
Antibodies that block ACh receptors
Low concentrations of calcium
What is the motor unit composed of? (Select all that apply)
Motor neuron
Blood vessels
Sensory neuron
Muscle cells
Which of the following are features of high precision muscle fibers? (Select all that apply)
Fewer muscle fibers per neuron
Many muscle fibers per neuron
Quadriceps muscle (2000-3000 fibers per neuron)
Extraocular muscles (2-20 fibers per neuron)
Which of the following are true about twitch contractions?
Are several minutes long
Results from multiple motor neurons
Results from a single action potential
Results from several action potentials
The all-or-none principle of muscle contraction states:
Muscle fibers must contract at different times
A muscle cell must contract to its full force
Motor neurons sends varying strength of signals with every impulse
Maximum muscle tension is dependent on which of the following? (Select all that apply)
rate at which nerve impulses arrive
amount of stretch prior to contraction
size of the motor unit
nutrient and oxygen availability
True or False: Small motor units are recruited before large motor units
True
False
What steps connect the excitation of a muscle cell to the contractile mechanism?
Neuromuscular coupling
Excitation-contraction coupling
Cross-bridge cycling
Motor unit and muscle tension system
The motor neuron releases ___ into the neuromuscular junction during EC coupling.
Ca+
Acetylcholine
Na+
ATP
What is responsible for keeping skeletal muscles firm?
ATP
Muscle tone
Calcium
Large motor units
Which kind of channel binds ACh on the motor end plate?
ligand-gated sodium channels
voltage-gated sodium channels
ligand-gated calcium channels
ligand-gated acetylcholine channels
Which type of contraction is characterized by a change in muscle length?
Isometric
Isotonic
Lowering a book is an example of which kind of contraction?
Concentric
Eccentric
Isometric
Isotonic
Which of the following does NOT cause a muscle cell to relax?
acetylcholinesterase degrades ACh
ATP binds myosin heads
influx of Ca2+
Ca2+ reuptake by SR Ca2+ pumps
Which source of muscle energy is used as an "immediate energy source" for muscle contraction providing 3-12 seconds of ATP?
Aerobic ATP production
Glycolysis
Creatine Phosphate
Stored ATP
Which source(s) of ATP production is anaerobic? (Select all that apply)
Phosphagen Energy System
Glycolysis
Cellular Respiration
