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DNA & Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 64

Worksheet time: 1hrs 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Reorder the following scientists

a)

Miescher

b)

Griffth's Experiments

c)

Avery and Others

d)

Hershy and Chase

e)

Rosalind Franklin (and Wilkins)

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
2.

What did Miescher discovered and what did he call it?

a)

Discovered Nucleic acid in whit blood cells of pus

b)

DNA

c)

RNA

d)
nuclein
e)

Discovered strands of DNA and RNA in red blood cells

3.

What is Transformation?

a)

gene from one cell is taken in by another call

b)

gene is repelled by another cell

c)

gene stays in one cell

d)

gene exits the cell

4.

Transformation was found trying to discover a vaccine for (a)   during the Griffith's Experiments.

5.

What did Avery and Others (1944) found out?

a)

DNA stores and transmits ribose

b)

DNA releases and transmits genetic information

c)

DNA stores and transmits genetic information

d)

DNA stores and transmits enzymes and codons.

6.

How Avery and Others found out DNA stores and transmits genetic information?

a)

Looking for the molecule needed for transformation

b)

Translation occurred when enzymes were added

c)

Looking for the molecule needed for transcrpition

d)

Used heat-killed bacteria

e)

Transformation didn't occur when enzymes added that break down DNA

7.

Hershey and Chase (1952) used ​ (a)   (viruses that infect bacteria, radioactive ​ (b)   (in DNA) and ​ (c)   (in protein coat).

Choose from the below words
bacteriophages
phosphorus
sulfur
8.

Hershey and Chase concluded that ​ (a)   makes up ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
DNA
RNA
genes
proteins
amino acids
thymine
cytosine
adenine
guanine
9.

What did Chargaff discover?

a)

C=G T=A

b)
The process of DNA replication
c)

The function of DNA in protein synthesis

d)

Base pairing rules in DNA

(Chargaff's rules)

e)

The sturcture of DNA

10.

Match the following

a)

C

1.

cytosine

b)

T

2.

thymine

c)

G

3.

guanine

d)

A

4.

adenine

11.

Rosalind Franklin (and Wilkins) (1952) used x-ray ​ (a)   to learn about the ​ (b)   structure of ​ (c)  

Choose from the below words
diffraction
coiled
DNA
RNA
collection
uncoiled
12.

Watson and Crick (1953) ...

a)

Built a 3D model of DNA

b)

Built a 2D model of RNA

c)

Built a 2D model of DNA

d)

Built a 3D model of RNA

13.

Franklin's x-rays gave great clues that DNA was a ______ _____ structure.

(a)  

14.

What is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)?

a)
DNA is responsible for producing energy in cells.
b)
DNA is found only in plants.
c)
DNA is a type of protein.
d)

DNA is a molecule of heredity

15.

Label the Structure of a Nucleotide

a)

Phosphate

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Ribose

d)

Nitrogen

e)

Nitrogen Base

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
16.

Two examples of Purines-

a)
thymine and uracil
b)
uracil and cytosine
c)
cytosine and thymine
d)
adenine and guanine
17.

Two examples of Pyrimidines-

a)
thymine and uracil
b)
uracil and cytosine
c)
cytosine and thymine
d)

adenine and guanine

18.

Purines have ​ (a)   ring bases while Pyrimidines have ​ (b)   ring bases.

Choose from the below words
double
single
19.

Why do A and T bond together and G and C?

a)
Hydrogen bonding
b)
Van der Waals forces
c)
Covalent bonding
d)
Ionic bonding
20.

Match the following

a)

A-T forms

1.

two hydrogen bonds

b)

G-C forms

2.

three hydrogen bonds

c)

DNA structure

3.

Double helix

21.

What is the shape of DNA?

a)
double helix
b)
circle
c)
triangle
d)
square
22.

DNA has 2 antiparallel strands.... (based on the location of the carbons on the sugar molecule)

a)

one from 5' to 5' and the other 5' 5'

b)

one from 3' to 5' and the other 3' 5'

c)

one from 3' to 5' and the other 5' 3'

d)

one from 3' to 3' and the other 3' 3'

23.

Where are covalent bonds in DNA?

a)
between the sugar molecules and phosphate groups
b)
between the nucleotides
c)
between the DNA strands
d)
between the nitrogenous bases
24.

Reorder the following enzymes from the order they occur in during DNA replication

a)

Helicase

b)

Topoisomerase

c)

RNA Primase

d)

DNA Polymerase

e)

Ligase

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
25.

Match the following

a)

Helicase

1.

Unwinds the DNA double helix

b)

Topoisomerase

2.

Prevents over-twisting of the DNA

c)

DNA polymerase

3.

Synthesizes new DNA strands

d)

RNA Primase

4.

Puts down the primer

e)

Ligase

5.

Joins Okazaki fragments (glue)

26.

What is the area of DNA replication called?

a)
replication bubble
b)
replication fork
c)
replication origin
d)
replication zone
27.

DNA polymerase reads from...

a)
3' to 5' direction
b)
both 3' to 5' and 5' to 3' direction
c)
random direction
d)
5' to 3' direction
28.

DNA polymerase builds from...

a)

5' to 3'

b)

3' to 3'

c)

3' to 5'

d)

5' to 5'

29.

DNA polymerase (a)   nucleotides and corrects errors so very few occur.

30.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

built in parts

built whole

faster

slower

grows away from the replication fork

grows in the direction of the replication fork

Leading Strand
Lagging Strand
31.

Match the following

a)

DNA -> RNA

1.

Transcription

b)

RNA -> Polypeptides

2.

Translation

c)

Polypeptides -> DNA

3.

None

32.

RNA is known as the " (a)   " nucleic acid

33.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Double Strand

Single Strand

Dexoyribose

Ribose

Thymine (T)

Uracil (U)

DNA
RNA
34.

What are the 3 forms of RNA?

a)
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
b)
mRNA, tRNA, mRNA
c)
mRNA, rRNA, DNA
d)
mRNA, tRNA, DNA
35.

mRNA- ​ (a)   for ​ (b)   synthesis; travels from ​ (c)   to ​ (d)   .

Choose from the below words
blueprint
protein
nucleus
ribosome
36.

tRNA- ​ (a)   ​ (b)   code to ​ (c)   ​

Choose from the below words
translates
mRNA
amino acids
rRNA
RNA
transcripts
37.

Transcription occurs in the ​ (a)   .​

Choose from the below words
nucleus
ribosome
ribose
cytoplasm
nucleolus
38.

Reorder the steps of Transcription

a)

RNA Polymerase binds to promoter

b)

RNA nucleotides bind with complementary nucleotides

c)

Keeps going until reaches terminator code

d)

mRNA processing

1)
2)
3)
4)
39.

Match the terms

a)

Promotor

1.

start signal on DNA

b)

RNA Polymerase

2.

enzyme that synthesizes RNA molecules

c)

Terminator Code

3.

stops the RNA polymerase

d)

Introns

4.

noncoding sequences (edited out)

e)

Exons

5.

code for amino acids (spliced together)

40.

Find the mature mRNA

A
B
C
41.

Find the Introns

A
B
C
42.

Find the Exons

A
B
C
43.

What two things protects the code of DNA?

a)

3' Cap

b)

5' Cap

c)

Poly-a-head

d)

Poly-a-tail

44.

rRNA- makes up ​ (a)   along with ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
ribose
nucleotides
amino acids
ribosomes
protein
45.

What is the genetic code?

a)
The genetic code is a set of instructions for building cells.
b)
The genetic code is a type of code used in computer programming.
c)

The genetic code is the instructions for building a polypeptide

d)
The genetic code is a code used to encrypt and decrypt genetic information.
46.

Codon- ​ (a)   base code on ​ (b)   - codes for ​ (c)   or is a ​ (d)   .​

Choose from the below words
3
mRNA
amino acid
stop signal
start signal
protein
tRNA
rRNA
2
1
47.

There are ​ (a)   different amino acids, ​ (b)   possible codons, ​ (c)   code for amino acids​ (d)   are stop signals.

Choose from the below words
20
64
61
3
25
60
5
2
15
65
48.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

AUG-UAU-GCG-CCC-UAA

1.

Met-Tyr-Ala-Pro

b)

AUG-UUU-AAA-AAA-UAA

2.

Met-Phe-Lys-Lys

c)

AUG-UUU-UCA-CUU-UAA

3.

Met-Phe-Ser-Leu

d)

AUG-CAU-CAC-CGA-UAG

4.

Met-His-His-Arg

e)

AUG-UAG-GCU-AUU-UAG

5.

Met

49.

Translation occurs in the ​ (a)   at the ​ (b)   which forms a ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
cytoplasm
ribosome
polypeptide
50.

Examples of Key Players in Translation- (three answers)

a)

DNA

b)

tRNA

c)

mRNA

d)

ribosome

e)

rRNA

51.

tRNA is RNA folded with ​ (a)   loops. One has a ​ (b)   nucleotide sequence (​ (c)   ) which is ​ (d)   to a mRNA codon

Choose from the below words
3
anticodon
complimentary
6
codon
indentical
52.

There are no anticodons for the codons UAG, UAA, and UGA because...

a)
Stop codons do not have anticodons.
b)
Anticodons are only found in RNA, not DNA.
c)
Anticodons are only needed for start codons.
d)
Anticodons are only present in prokaryotic cells.
53.

What does the "end" of tRNA carry?

a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
nucleotide
d)
amino acid
54.

Match the following binding sites-

a)
mRNA
1.

holds mRNA

b)

A Site (acceptor)

2.

holds tRNA with the next amino acid

c)

P Site (peptidyl)

3.

holds tRNA with a polypeptide chain

d)

E Site (exit)

4.

holds empty tRNA

55.

Reorder the following steps of Translation

a)

Initiation

b)

Elongation

c)

Termination

1)
2)
3)
56.

Reorder the following (Initiation)

a)

mRNA start codons binds to small subunit at the P-site

b)

large subunit binds to small subunit to form ribosome

c)

tRNA with complementary anicodon and amino aicd bind to mRNA at P-site

1)
2)
3)
57.

Reorder the following (Elongation)

a)

New tRNA enters A-site

b)

Enzymes join amino acid in the P-site to amino acid in the A-site

c)

tRNA from P-site detaches from mRNA and moves to E-site

d)

tRNA from A-site moves into the P-site with the chain of amino acids attached

e)

this process will repeat until a stop codon enters A-site

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
58.

Reorder the following (Termination)

a)

Stop codon enters A-site

b)

A release proteins attached to the ribosome

c)

The ribosomal subunits seperate

d)

The mRNA and the polypeptide chain are released from the ribosome

e)

If multiple of one protein is needed by the cell a polysome will form

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
59.

A polysome is when ​ (a)   ​ (b)   are using the same ​ (c)   to build the same ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
multiple
ribosomes
mRNA
protein
two
amino acid
tRNA
rRNA
60.

What are DNA mutations?

a)
Changes in the DNA sequence
b)
Changes in the RNA sequence
c)
Changes in the protein sequence
d)
Changes in the cell structure
61.

What are point mutations?

a)
Changes in the number of chromosomes
b)
Changes in multiple nucleotides of DNA
c)
Changes in a single nucleotide of DNA
d)
Changes in the structure of DNA
62.

Types of Point Mutations-

a)

Substitution

1.

affects only that one reading frame

b)

Frameshift

2.

addition or deletion of a single base

c)

Substitution Example-

3.

GCA VS. GTA

d)

Frameshift Insertion Example-

4.

TAC GCA TGG -> TAT CGC ATG G

e)

Frameshift Deletion Example-

5.

TAC GCA TGG -> TAG CAT GG

63.

Frameshift Mutation... (two answers)

a)

affects that reading frame and all after it

b)

could possibly affect all amino acids

c)

affects reading frame and all before it

64.

Match the following Causes and affects of Mutations

a)

Causes- Spontaneous Mutations

1.

occur at random

b)

Causes- Environmental causes of mutations

2.

x ray, ultraviolet light

c)

Effects- Mutations can be...

3.

harmful, helpful, or no effect at all

d)

Effects- Adds variety to...

4.

species and opportunities for evolution

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