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Earth structure, earthquakes and volcanoes MSM

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the four major layers of the Earth in order from top to bottom?

a)

Inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust

b)

Inner core, outer core, mantle, and lithosphere

c)

Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, and crust

d)

Crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core

2.

How many tectonic plates are there?

a)

5

b)

10

c)

15

d)

20

3.

What causes an earthquake?

a)

Movement of tectonic plates

b)

Volcanic eruptions

c)

Avalanches

d)

Tsunamis

4.

Where do nearly 90% of all earthquakes begin?

a)

Atlantic Ocean

b)

Indian Ocean

c)

Pacific Ocean

d)

Arctic Ocean

5.

What is the location of an earthquake on the Earth's surface called?

a)

Hypocenter

b)

Epicenter

c)

Seismograph

d)

Faultline

6.

What is the name of the instrument that scientists use to measure the intensity of an earthquake?

a)

Richter scale

b)

Seismometer

c)

Magnitude

d)

Epicenter

7.

What is the name of the scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake?

a)

Richter scale

b)

Beaufort scale

c)

Fujita scale

d)

Saffir-Simpson scale

8.

What is the term for the study of earthquakes?

a)

Seismology

b)

Volcanology

c)

Meteorology

d)

Oceanography

9.

What is the thinnest part of the Earth's crust?

a)

A. Oceanic crust

b)

B. Continental crust

c)

C. Mantle

d)

D. Inner core

10.

What are the two melted metals that make up the outer core?

a)

Granite and basalt

b)

Magma and asphalt

c)

Lithosphere and Asthenosphere

d)

Nickel and iron

11.

Which layer of the Earth is responsible for generating a magnetic field?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

12.

The thinnest layer of the Earth is the:

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

13.


8. What is the thickest layer of the Earth?


a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

inner core

d)

outer core

14.

How do the Earth's layers contribute to the overall stability and support of life on planet Earth?

4 lines
15.

What is the name of the semi-molten part of the upper mantle?

a)

  1. A) Lithosphere

b)

  1. B) Asthenosphere

c)

  1. C) Magma

d)

  1. D) Crust

16.

What is the melted rock that escapes to the Earth's surface called?

a)

  1.  A) Lava

b)

  1. B) Magma

c)

  1. C) Basalt

d)

  1. D) Granite

17.

What causes the high pressure in the Earth's inner core?

a)

  1. A) The movement of tectonic plates

b)

  1. B) The rotation of the Earth

c)

  1. C) The layers of the Earth pressing down

d)

  1. D) The heat from the sun

18.

What is the process called where the Earth's plates move on the mantle?

a)

  1. A) Earthquake tectonics

b)

  1. B) Plate tectonics

c)

  1. C) Magma tectonics

d)

  1. D) Crust tectonics

19.

Which layer of the Earth is liquid?

a)

  1. A) Crust

b)

  1. B) Mantle

c)

  1. C) Outer core

d)

  1. D) Inner core

20.

True or False: The inner core is solid because of the extreme heat.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

21.

What might you observe if the Earth's plates shift significantly?

a)

  1. A) A volcano

b)

  1. B) An earthquake

c)

  1. C) A mountain formation

d)

  1. D) All of the above

22.

What is the coolest layer of the Earth?

a)

inner core

b)

lithosphere

c)

crust

d)

mantle

23.

Which layer of the Earth has plasticity and can be represented in a model with toothpaste?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Asthenosphere

d)

Lithosphere

24.

What is the hottest layer of the Earth?

a)

inner core

b)

lithosphere

c)

crust

d)

mantle

25.

Which is less dense?

a)

Oceanic Crust

b)

Continental crust

26.

What happens to a plate that is subducted (goes under)?

a)

it melts

b)

it freezes

27.

Once magma reaches the earth's surface, it is called:

a)

a vent

b)

minerals

c)

igneous rocks

d)

lava

28.

Which type of plate boundary occurs when two plates move away from each other?

a)

Transform plate boundary

b)

Divergent plate boundary

c)

Convergent plate boundary

d)

Subduction plate boundary

29.

Which type of plate boundary occurs when two plates collide and one is forced beneath the other?

a)

Subduction plate boundary

b)

Convergent plate boundary

c)

Transform plate boundary

d)

Divergent plate boundary

30.

Which type of plate boundary occurs when two plates slide past each other horizontally?

a)

convergent plate boundary

b)

divergent plate boundary

c)

subduction plate boundary

d)

conservative plate boundary

31.

Why does oceanic crust subduct below continental crust?

a)

Continental crust is denser than oceanic crust

b)

Oceanic crust is more drawn to earth's iron core

c)

Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust

d)

Oceanic crust is further below continental crust so it's the first to subduct

32.

What is the name of the layer of the Earth that is semi-molten and lies beneath the lithosphere?

a)

A) Asthenosphere

b)

B) Magma

c)

C) Crust

d)

D) Inner core

33.

Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer core

d)

Inner core

34.

True or False: The outer core is liquid because of the extreme pressure.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

35.

What is the process called where the Earth's plates move apart from each other?

a)

  1. A) Earthquake tectonics

b)

  1. B) Plate tectonics

c)

  1. C) Magma tectonics

d)

  1. D) Crust tectonics

36.
When magma reaches the surface, what is it called?
a)
lava
b)
explosive
c)
rocks
37.
What is the shaking and trembling that results from movement of rock beneath Earth's surface?
a)
Volcanoes
b)
Earthquakes
c)
Plate tectonics
38.
What is an area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming magma?
a)
hot spot
b)
lithosphere
c)
transform boundary
39.
The place where old crust is pushed down into a trench is called what?
a)
subduction
b)
convection current
c)
deep-ocean trench
40.
What is the difference between the lithosphere and asthenosphere that makes up the mantle?
a)
The lithosphere is ismade of dense solid meal whle the asthenosphere is made of liquid molten metal
b)
The lithosphere is a mixture of gasses while the asthenosphere is made of solid rock
c)
The lithosphere is molten rock that moves while the asthenosphere is ridid and thin
d)
The lithosphere is made of solid rock while the asthenosphere is more flexible hot rock that moves.
41.
When pressure builds between two tectonic plates, it can suddenly release causing a (an) ______________________
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano
c)
Convection Current
d)
Gravitational Pull
42.
The movement of metals within the earth's outer core cause a ____________________________ that is detectable on the earth's surface using a compass
a)
Gravitational Pull
b)
Volcanic Eruption
c)
Magnetic field
d)
Convection Current
43.

Most tectonic plates have both oceanic and continental crust. How are they different?

a)

Oceanic is thinner and less dense than continental.

b)

Continental is thinner than more dense than oceanic.

c)

Continental is thicker and less dense than oceanic.

d)

Oceanic is thicker and more dense than continental.

44.

What type of plate boundary is represented in the picture?

a)

Athensphere

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

d)

Convergent

45.

Which crust subducts because it is denser than other crust?

a)

pizza crust

b)

oceanic crust

c)

continental crust

d)

new crust

46.

The map in the picture shows tectonic plate boundaries. This map would be useful in predicting the location of future

a)

droughts

b)

hurricanes

c)

earthquakes

d)

tornadoes

47.

This type of crust is thick, less dense, and made mostly of granite.

a)

continental crust

b)

oceanic crust

c)

convergent boundary

d)

divergent boundary

48.

This type of crust is dense, thin, and made of basalt.

a)

continental crust

b)

oceanic crust

c)

convergent boundary

d)

divergent boundary

49.

Located in the upper mantle and crust.It is a strong rigid layer composed of cool rocks.

a)

lithosphere

b)

asthenosphere

c)

magma

d)

core

50.

Located within the upper mantle. Made up of hot, rocky material and has slow movement.

a)

lithosphere

b)

asthenosphere

c)

core

d)

continental crust

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