4 of these reduced molecules are produced during the complete oxidation of pyruvate input

Reacts with the four-carbon OAA of the CAC to produce citrate

CAC enzyme that produces a single ATP in muscle cells and a GTP in liver cells

Conducts electrons within the succinate dehydrogenase complex to the ubiquinone reduction site

Carries protons across the inner membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space

Covalently bound cofactor that is reduced by a hydride derived from succinate

_____ connects electron flow to changes in the motion of a long alpha helix to open and close H+ channels that pump protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space AND initiates proton shuttling by reducing ubiquinone

Pathway from NADH to ATP

Use of light excitation of electrons to ultimately drive chemiosmosis

___ oxidizes ubiquinol to unload protons into the intermembrane space

Reduced product of complex IV

Addition of a phosphate to ADP from PEP

Transports cytoplasmic NADH to the inner membrane to produce 2.5 ATPs

Major supplier of electrons to the electron transport chain

Cytochrome c is reduced by _____

In chemiosmosis the _____ of the alpha/beta dimeric enzyme withdraws an –OH from the trigonal bipyramid transition state to produce ATP and trap water

Oxidized product of complex I

Pathway from NADH to H2O

In chemiosmosis the ____ of the alpha/beta dimeric enzyme is distorted by the rotating gamma subunit which breaks a beta sheet and ejects ATP and H2O

____ can ONLY initiate shuttling of protons and NOT proton pumping by reducing ubiquinone

Oxidized product of complex II

Use of a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis

Covalently bonds a two carbon fragment onto the sulfur atom of CoA

3 of these oxidized molecules are produced during the complete oxidation of pyruvate input

Achieving the lowest energy form of the electrons in electron transport is performed by complex IV reducing ___

cytochrome c is oxidized by _____

In chemiosmosis the _____ of the alpha/beta dimeric enzyme binds to the substrates ADP + Pi

Transports cytoplasmic NADH to the inner membrane to produce 1.5 ATPs