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WorksheetsFinal test (Varieties 2023)
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 40mins
Vernacular is __
an unwritten dialect.
any marked out variant of language.
everyday spoken language.
dialectally distinct variety.
Which of the following is true for Standard English?
It refers to grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation.
It is a minority variety.
All native speakers learn to read and write in it.
It is a social dialect.
First diaspora resulted in ___ .
"New Englishes"
Australian variety
North American variety
West African English
Which of the following is true for R-dropping?
It became fashionable in London in late 1700s.
It spread into the East Coast of the US.
It originated in the US.
It is a feature of traditional metropolitan New York accent.
Which of the following influenced Australian English?
Chicano
Cockney
Ebonics
Brogue
Which of the following is known for an excessive use of abbreviated forms?
Australian English
New Zealand English
South African English
North American English
Who discovered and described Northern Cities Vowel Shift?
Historically, which are language shift Englishes?
Celtic Englishes
Norman English
Anglo-Norman Creole
Black country English
The language that provides the basis for the majority of a pidgin or creole language's vocabulary is called
a lexifier
a substrate language
a heptarchy
a contact language
Settlements crossing England diagonally from Cumbria to Lincolnshire.
Sun Belt
Borsch Belt
Scandianvian Belt
Central Belt
This image shows
FOOT-STRUT split
STRUT–COMMA merger
FOOT–GOOSE merger
FOOT-fronting
The possibility of [ŋg] in cases where other varieties have [n] or [ŋ]
velar nasal plus
happy tensing
NG-coalescence
labialization of consonants
This image shows
YOD-dropping
YOD-coalescence
vowel breaking
trisyllabic laxing
This image shows
TH-fronting
TH-stopping
TH-alveolarization
TH-debuccalization
Present-tense verbs may take the verbal ‑s suffix, except when they are directly adjacent to one of the personal pronouns as their subject.
Northern Subject Rule
Aitken's law
Zero copula
Subject Type Constraint
When a Bristolian says: " I can remember the first time I had a bananal ", we observe a(n)
intrusive L
parasitic L
clear L
light L
(a) Hypothesis - a hypothesis that Brythonic had a significant effect on the development of English.
Which Celtic area lost the majority of its speakers to a Germanic language first?
Wales
Ireland
Scotland
Isle of Man
Which features does Scottish English share with American English?
want and need can have a directional adverb
markers of perfect are used in non-perfective forms
stranded prepositions are common
perfective use of after
Manx English accent is significantly influenced by
Scouse
Mancunian
Geordie
Glaswegian
Ulster Scots is spoken
in Northern Ireland
in Southern Ireland
in Scotland
in Dublin
Mr Abbott turns into Mr Rabbit
because of epenthetic /r/
because of linking /r/
because of weak vowel merger
in Australian accent
Australianism 'swag'
comes from 'flash language’
comes from Maori
has Irish origins
was borrowed from American gold-diggers
Which pronunciation change are young Kiwi women responsible for?
rising front vowels
NEAR–SQUARE merger
KIT-schwa merger
TRAP–DRESS–KIT chain shift
Which English accent does this image exemplify?
(a)
Which Englishes exist in cultivated, general and broad trichotomy?
Australian English
New Zealand English
South African English
Canadian English
Which of the following is (exclusively) a broad South African English curiosity?
after+progressive
busy+progressive
be+progressive
Which of the following is true for West African Englishes (disregarding Liberian Settler)?
they lack tense/lax vowel opposition
they are all shift varieties
they all belong to the expanding circle
Which African English is rooted in AAVE rather than British English?
Nigerian
Liberian
South African
Ghanaian
What distinguishes East African English from West African English?
It has fewer vowels
It has more vowels
It is more grammatically sophisticated
It has more consonants
Indian English is
stress-timed
syllable-timed
mora-timed
Singaporean English is becoming a native-speaker variety through
colonialism
language learning
creolization
Which of the following features distinguishes Indian English from other Outer Circle varieties?
pluralization of mass nous
extended use of compound formation
non-standard use of tense and aspect
invariant tag isn't it?
The distinguishing feature of Singaporean English among 'New Englishes' is
a number of discourse particles
invariant tags
omission of articles
mass nouns treated as count
Outer Circle Englishes differ from the Inner Circle Englishes
in simplification of complex grammar
in pragmatics
through intonation
through absence of some sounds
Social variation can be referred to as
diatopic
diastratic
diachronic
diaphasic
Whose models of World Englishes involve concentric circles?
Gorlach
Kachru
McArthur
Modiano
Mesolect is
a standard or official language variety in contexts where creole is spoken
the lowest or least prestigious variety
a group of languages sharing a number of areal features
an intermediate dialect or variety of a particular language
___ are spoken by a shrinking minority in England, southern and eastern Scotland, and northern Northern Ireland.
mainstream dialects
social dialects
traditional dialects
Caribbean creoles
Which of Celtic Englishes are mostly rhotic?
Irish English
Scottish English
Welsh English
Manx English
