These are the mental expressions of our claims.

(a)  

It is also called a proposition, a linguistic expression whose function is to advance a certain claim.

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Not all of these can be either true or false.

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Something that occurs in the world and it is what makes a certain statement true.

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It is established by means of sense experience.

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Established by means of reason.

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Can only be known after some relevant experience.

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Can be known before some relevant experience.

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This extends our knowledge.

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Does not extend our knowledge.

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Not true in all possible situations.

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Always true in all possible situations.

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Can only be known directly by the person who has the belief or makes the statement considered to be true.

(a)  

Can be known directly to everyone.

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Dependent on the attitudes, preferences or interests of a person or a group of persons. These are also called "value judgements".

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Independent of the attitudes, preferences, or interests of a person or a group of persons. These are also called "factual judgements".

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Acknowledged to be true by everyone.

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Acknowledged to be true only by some people.

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The truth of the statement arrived at through the process of deductive reasoning. These are general.

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The truth of the statement arrived at through the process of inductive reasoning. These are specific.

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Truth of religious statements or beliefs.

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Truth of scientific beliefs.

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Truth of psychological beliefs.

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Ways of determining the truth of a given statement or belief.

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Ways of explaining what makes a statement or belief true.

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We can know whether a statement/belief is true by examining whether the statement/belief corresponds to, or represents, a fact im the world.

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We can know whether a statement/belief is true by examining whether the statement/belief coheres with the rules of the relevant system.

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We can know whether a statement/belief is true by examining the consequences of holding or accepting the statement/belief to be true.

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It is the method used to check if an empirical statement, a statement about an observable fact in the world, correctly represents a fact in the world.

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It is an observation of our own thoughts and feelings. It is used to determine the truth of psychological statement about our mental or conscious state.

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It is an observation of things outside our mind or consciousness, the physical objects, using our five organs of sense. It is used to verify the truth of physical statements about physical or material objects.

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The process of knowing or establishing truth by means of our reason, can be done in a variety of ways.

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It is the way which we directly grasp the truth of something.

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We immediately know that something is true without going through the processes of observation and reasoning.

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Provides the person having the experience some means of knowing something which cannot be known using the usual methods.

(a)  

It may take the form of a testimony of a reliable eyewitness, information provided by documents.

(a)  

Facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience of education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.

(a)  

To mean acquaintance or familiarity with a place or person.

(a)  

To mean knowledge of skills.

(a)  

To mean knowledge of a fact, a situation or anything that can be either true or false.

(a)  

Justified belief.

(a)  

Unjustified belief that may turn out to be true. It is a guess and knowledge.

(a)  

Person claims to know something without and evidence at all.

(a)  

Disputes about beliefs or what we believe to be true or false.

(a)  

Disagreements about facts which are properly resolved by verifying the facts at issue.

(a)  

Disagreements over preferences and they are usually resolved by persuasion if not by compromise.

(a)  

Disagreements that arise out of the misunderstanding of the meanings of our own linguistic expressions and they are properly resolved by clarifying the meanings of the misunderstood linguistic expressions.

(a)