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physical and chemical erosion

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What geologic process happens when a delta forms as a river is emptied into the ocean?

a)

the sediment's composition is being changed by oxidation

b)

the sediment is being eroded by the river and deposited into the ocean

c)

the sediment has experienced frost wedging

2.

When temperatures repeatedly go from hot to cold this can cause what type of geological process?

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

all of the above

3.

What geologic process is happening to the rock in this picture?

a)

The rock is being physically weathered by the tree roots

b)

The rock is being chemically weathered by the tree roots

c)

The rock is being eroded by the tree roots

d)

The rock is being deposited by the tree roots

4.

What is deposition?

a)

When sediment is transported from one place to another

b)

When eroded materials are dropped or laid down.

c)

when sediment or rocks are broken down

d)

when rocks react with oxygen and water

5.

What is erosion?

a)

When sediment is transported from one place to another

b)

When eroded materials are dropped or laid down.

c)

when sediment or rocks are broken down

d)

when rocks react with oxygen and water

6.

1. What happens to the sediment when a river slows down at a curve?

a)

the river picks up larger pieces of sediment

b)

the river loses energy and drops sediment

c)

the river gains energy and picks up large boulders

d)

the river stops all erosion at this point

7.

Which picture represents water eroding sediment?

a)
b)
c)
d)
8.

Which picture represents a glacier eroding a valley?

a)
b)
c)
d)
9.

This plant's roots have grown into gaps in the rock - forcing the rock to break apart. What type of weathering has occurred?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

10.

What are glaciers?

a)

They are winding rivers that carry sediment to a delta

b)

They are waves that constantly crash against the shoreline.

c)

are huge masses of ice that move slowly over land.

d)

They are sand dunes that form from wind depositing sediments.

11.

The geological process when rocks or sediments move or are transported from one place to another is:

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

12.

What are the two types of weathering?

a)

oxidation and abrasion

b)

physical and chemical weathering

c)

animals burrowing and plant roots breaking apart rocks

13.

What type of chemical weathering is in the picture shown?

a)

oxidation

b)

mosses and lichens

c)

acid precipitation

14.

Which picture shows an animal causing physical weathering?

a)
b)
c)
d)
15.

In the pictures below, choose a picture that shows chemical weathering of rock.

a)
b)
c)
d)
16.

In the pictures below, choose a picture that shows physical weathering of rock that has abrasion caused by wind.

a)
b)
c)
d)
17.

In the pictures below, choose each picture that shows different types of physical weathering.

a)
b)
c)
d)
18.

What is sediment?

a)

occurs when the eroded materials are dropped or laid down

b)

fragments of weathering rocks

c)

the process by which rock materials are broken down by the action of physical and chemical process

d)

the process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transport weathered materials from one location to another

19.

What is weathering?

a)

occurs when the eroded materials are dropped or laid down

b)

fragments of weathering rocks

c)

the process by which rock materials are broken down by the action of physical and chemical process

d)

the process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transport weathered materials from one location to another

20.

Which geoscience process is an example of a large-scale event?

a)

San Fransisco experiences 4.0 earthquake.

b)

Plate movement forms mountains range.

c)

Volcano erupts over Pompeii.

d)

Landslide on highway road.

21.

Which of the following is NOT a slow change to Earth's surface?

a)
Weathering
b)

Mountain building

c)

Plate movement

d)
Landslides
22.

The Statue of Liberty has changed colors due to this type of weathering:

a)

oxidation

b)

abrasion

c)

physical weathering

23.
How is mechanical weathering different from chemical weathering?
a)
Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than mechanical weathering.
b)
Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; mechanical weathering does not.
c)
Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; mechanical weathering occurs only in cool climates.
d)
Chemical weathering occurs only in the mountains; mechanical weathering occurs only on flat land.
24.
Exposure to rain and oxygen causes the metal minerals in rocks to rust and fall apart.  This is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
25.
Weeds growing into the cracks in a sidewalk and the sidewalk begins to crumble is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
26.
This type of weathering occurs when rocks weaken then break down due to chemical changes in the composition of the rock.
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
erosion weathering
d)
deposition
27.
This type of weathering occurs when rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces of rock.
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
erosion weathering
d)
deposition
28.
Physical and chemical weathering both
a)
change rocks into new materials.
b)
dissolve rocks.
c)
break rocks into smaller pieces.
d)
require exposure to air.
29.

When a big rock breaks apart into smaller pieces, it will NOT weather faster.

a)

true

b)

false

30.
Select the answer that shows the order of events a rock goes through.
a)
erosion, weathering, deposition
b)
weathering, erosion, deposition
c)
deposition, weathering erosion
d)
erosion, deposition, weathering
31.

Weathering is the process of -

a)

Moving sediment from one place to another

b)

Dropping or leaving sediment in a location

c)

Breaking down rocks into sediment

32.
The natural chemical or physical processes that breaks down rock on Earth's surface.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
jackhammering
33.

What is the process process by which water, ice, wind or gravity picks up and moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.

a)
deposition
b)
landslide
c)
weathering
d)
erosion
34.

The dropping off and settling of sediments to the bottom of a lake or river is called

a)

erosion

b)

deposition

c)

weathering

35.

the weakening and subsequent disintegration of rock by chemical reactions. These reactions include oxidation, hydrolysis, and carbonation.

a)

properties

b)

Chemical Change

c)

Physical Change

d)

Melting

36.

The process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents. _______________________

a)

Runoff

b)

Sun

c)

Landforms

d)

weathering

37.

The act of turning from a gas into a liquid. ________________________

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Precipitation

38.

Tell what kind of weathering represents the situation given:

“Sand is blown against rocks in a desert by the wind”

a)

Chemical Weathering

b)

Physical Weathering

39.

Choose which type of weathering is seen in the picture below (desert):

a)

Abrasion

b)

Ice Wedging

c)

Acid Rain

d)

Oxidation (rust)

40.

Rocks in the bottom of a river are weathered by ________ caused by the water constantly rubbing and flowing over the rocks.

a)

abrasion

b)

oxidation (rust)

c)

ice wedging

d)

acid rain

41.

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

a)

Weathering is the breaking down, erosion is the motion or movement of sediments.

b)

Erosion is a chemical reaction, but weathering is a physical reaction.

c)

Weathering occurs quickly while erosion occurs slowly.

d)

Weathering occurs only in wet climates, while erosion occurs in dry climates.

42.

_____________ is the process of moving sediments from one place to another.

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Oxidation

d)

Chemical Reaction

43.

Tell what caused the weathering seen in the picture below.

a)

Acid Rain

b)

Oxidation (rust)

c)

Abrasion

d)

Ice Wedging

44.

True or False:  Weathering happens quickly and does not take a long time to wear down rocks.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

The roof of a cave eroded and became thinner over time. The roof then collapsed and the landform shown in the figure was formed.

a)

canyon

b)

delta

c)

cavern

d)

sinkhole

e)

glacier

46.

What living organisms contribute to physical weathering?

a)

Plants

b)

animals

c)

plants and animals

d)

neither

47.

What are some ways that animals contriute to physical weathering? Must choose all correct answers.

a)

animals borrow causing abrasion

b)

animal movememnt exposes rocks to wind and water

c)

animals release acids that change the chemical composition of rocks

d)

animal casue acid precipitation

48.

The following diagram shows how sediment is deposited as a fast-flowing river reaches a

flatter area of land.

a)

river delta

b)

floodplain

c)

alluvial fan

d)

oxbow lake

e)

beach

49.

Wind picks up sediment from the ground and carries it aloft. As the wind slows, it deposits the sediment in other places, sometimes forming dunes. Which type of sediment will be dropped and deposited first as the wind slows?

a)

the biggest

b)

the lightest

c)

the smallest

d)

the heaviest

50.

What is the difference between chemical and physical weathering?

a)

they both the same

b)

physcial changes the composition of rocks and chemical does not

c)

chemical changes the composition of rocks and physical breaks them down into smaller pieces

d)

physical changes the composition of rocks and chemical breaks them down into smaller pieces

e)

physical breaks down rocks and chemical does too

51.

What are the two ways that rocks are broken down into smaller pieces?

a)

chemical weathering and physical weathering

b)

physical weathering and precipitation

c)

chemical weathering and dissolving

d)

abrasion and erosion

52.

The action of a tree stump splitting bedrockdepicts what type of process?

a)

Chemical weathering

b)

deposition

c)

physical weathering

d)

erosion

53.

Which statement best explains how this geological feature formed?

a)

rain and wind from the environment wore away the land to create the canyon.

b)

Moving water from the river wore away the land to create the canyon.

c)

Wind from the environment carried sand and dirt to form the sides of the canyon.

54.

Based on how water flow reshapes rivers over time, which river is most likely the oldest?

a)

w

b)

z

c)

y

d)

x

55.

How does erosion compare to physical weathering?

a)

Both break down materials

b)

Weathering breaks down materials and erosion carries them from place to place

c)

Both move materials from place to place

56.

How will an increase in wind speed effect soil erosion?

a)

Soil erosion will increase

b)

soil erosion will completely stop

c)

Soil erosion will decrease

57.

Which of the following is NOT an example of chemical weathering?

a)

dissolution

b)

hydrolysis

c)

oxidation

d)

exfoliation

58.

Select four variables that determine the settling rate of particles?

a)

age

b)

shape

c)

volume

d)

density

e)

size

59.

Which event can rapidly change earth's surface and is caused by an underwater earthquake?

a)

Tornado

b)

Tsunami

c)

Hurricane

d)

whirlpool

60.

Which event would change Earth's surface in the shortest amount of time?

a)

landslide

b)

glacial motion

c)

erosion

d)

lake evaporation

61.
Erosion caused by _______________ changes beaches and lakes
a)
glaciers
b)
ice
c)
waves
62.

A rapid landform change in which a large chunk of earth falls from its original position.

a)

Volcano

b)

Landslide

c)

Sand Dune

d)

Earthquake

63.

The dropping off of sediments in a new place.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Volcano

64.

Moving sediment from one place to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

d)

Earthquake

65.

Lichens are -

a)

Specialized plants

b)

Flat, crusty mushrooms

c)

A fungus living together with an algae or a bacteria

66.

Over millions of years, weak carbonic acid can dissolve limestone to form -

a)

Cracks in rocks

b)

Caves and caverns

c)

Mountains and cliffs

67.

An example of chemical weathering is -

a)

Ice wedging

b)

Oxidation

c)

Animals burrowing

d)

Crashing waves

68.
Caves are most likely to form from the chemical weathering of which kind of rock?
a)
Granite
b)
Limestone
c)
Basalt
d)
Sandstone
69.
Different soils may have different sizes of earth materials.
a)
True
b)
False
70.
Different soils may have different abilities to retain water.
a)
True
b)
False
71.
Different soils may have different textures.
a)
True
b)
False
72.
Physical and chemical weathering differ because
a)
only chemical weathering produces new materials.
b)
only physical weathering creates smaller pieces of rock.
c)
only physical weathering involves water.
d)
chemical weathering is faster than physical weathering.
73.
Physical and chemical weathering both
a)
change rocks into new materials.
b)
dissolve rocks.
c)
break rocks into smaller pieces.
d)
require exposure to air.
74.
Any time a reaction occurs
a)
physical weathering results.
b)
chemical weathering results.
c)
neither chemical or physical weathering results.
d)
both chemical or physical weathering occurs.
75.
Tree roots cause
a)
physical weathering.
b)
chemical weathering.
c)
both chemical and physical weathering.
d)
neither chemical or physical weathering.
76.
Freezing causes
a)
physical weathering.
b)
chemical weathering.
c)
both chemical and physical weathering.
d)
neither chemical or physical weathering.
77.
Acid rain causes
a)
physical weathering.
b)
chemical weathering.
c)
both chemical and physical weathering.
d)
neither chemical or physical weathering.
78.
Abrasion causes
a)
physical weathering.
b)
chemical weathering.
c)
both chemical and physical weathering.
d)
Neither chemical or physical weathering.
79.
What happens to a rock when it weathers?
a)
It settles out of water that is carrying it.
b)
It creates a valley.
c)
It forms a delta.
d)
It breaks into small pieces.

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