the president most closely associated with Manifest Destiny - his campaign slogan was 54'40 or fight (for Oregon) and he sent troops and persuaded Congress to declare war on Mexico

example of a government policy that increased westward expansion - it promised essentially free land to settlers who would live on and improve the land for 5 years

Example of a policy passed by the gov't that led to increased westward migration - it connected East to West and significantly decreased time and expense to get to the west

This treaty ended Mexican-American War

Part of a funding bill for the Mexican-American War and passed by the House but not the Senate; it would have made it so that slavery was not allowed in any territory won from the Mexican War

Terms of this legislation included: California admitted as a free state, other territories gained from Mexico organized based on popular sovereignty, slave trade abolished in Washington, D.C., stronger fugitive slave law

Terms of this legislation included: organized the Kansas and Nebraska territories based on popular sovereignty; essentially repeals the Missouri Compromise, leads to violence in Kansas and the formation of the Republican Party

1857 Supreme Court decision that stated slaves were not citizens: slaves were property no matter where they were living and the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

an attempt to arm slaves for a rebellion; the leader is captured, tried and executed

The first official battle of the Civil War - led people to realize the conflict would be longer and more devastating than first thought

All of the following were advantages for the Confederacy during the Civil War EXCEPT:

All of the following were advantages for the Union during the Civil War EXCEPT:

Union Military strategy - blockading the South and gaining control of the Mississippi River Valley

freed slaves in places in a state of rebellion against the US - had little impact on slave-holders, but it denied the South European alliances, added to the Union war aims, and encouraged enslaved peoples to start freeing themselves

Speech given by Lincoln at the dedication of a battlefield cemetery. Encouraged unity and a reframing of the idea of 'All men are created equal'

This organization was intended to provided needed services to newly freed people to help them adjust to their new situations

laws passed denying rights to African Americans, limiting freedoms and movements

This defined citizenship as all people born in the US or naturalized, provides equal protection under the law

This officially abolished slavery in the United States.

This guarantees that citizens can't be denied the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

southerners who supported Reconstruction

northerners who went south after the Civil War to work with the Freedmen's Bureau or take advantage of financial opportunity

a system that emerges to provide land-owners with the needed labor; develops into a form of land slavery that keeps poor whites and former slaves tied to the land

Election in which Lincoln is elected, after which several southern states secede from the Union. Opponents included Stephen Douglas, John Breckenridge, and John Bell.

Formal withdrawal of states or regions from a nation

made by Abraham Lincoln and others, they questioned Polk's reasoning for war and wanted to see where American blood was shed

A law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders.

Proposal by Lewis class, a democratic senator that suggested the matter of slavery be determined by a vote of the people who settled the territory

Deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 presidential election. Resulted in
the national government pulling the last federal troops out of the south and formally ended the
reconstruction era

This new political party was formed in 1854 with a platform to repeal the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Fugitive Slave Act

He attacked Senator Charles Sumner for speaking out against violence after Bleeding Kansas