WorksheetsICP Fall Semester Exam Study Guide
Total questions: 79
Worksheet time: 40mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
If two objects with different masses and traveling with different velocities collide, what law allows you to predict the motion of the objects after the collision?
a)
the law of conservation of momentum
b)
the law of universal gravitation
c)
Newton’s third law
d)
Newton’s second law
2.
When an object slows down, its acceleration is
a)
positive.
b)
centripetal.
c)
negative.
d)
constant.
3.
An object is in motion when
a)
the net force acting on the object is zero.
b)
the object changes position relative to a frame of reference.
c)
the object’s displacement is greater than the distance traveled.
d)
friction occurs.
4.
Using lubricants on engine parts is an example of reducing
a)
force.
b)
motion.
c)
acceleration
d)
friction.
5.
Peter runs in a constant direction on a straight road. The velocity vs. time graph of Peter's motion shows a straight line with a negative slope. What does the line tell you about Peter’s speed?
a)
It is decreasing.
b)
It is increasing.
c)
It is decreasing, then increasing.
d)
It is constant.
6.
Which straight-line acceleration indicates an increase in speed?
a)
0 m/s²
b)
-15 m/s²
c)
4 m/s²
d)
All of the above
7.
Which of the following does not indicate velocity?
a)
14 ft/s SSE
b)
40 mi/h toward the town square along the main street
c)
80 km/h going from New York toward New Jersey
d)
28 miles from Los Angeles to Catalina Island
8.
What happens immediately after a sky diver opens her parachute?
a)
The sky diver’s speed greatly increases.
b)
The sky diver is in free fall.
c)
Air resistance greatly increases.
d)
The force of gravity greatly increases.
9.
When a moving bowling ball hits a pin, some of the ball’s momentum
a)
is lost.
b)
is transferred to the pin.
c)
increases the pin's mass.
d)
doubles in force.
10.
In the absence of air resistance, how would the acceleration of a 1.5 kg book and the acceleration of a 15 kg rock differ if the objects were dropped from the same height?
a)
The book would accelerate twice as fast as the rock.
b)
The rock would accelerate twice as fast as the book.
c)
They would not differ; they would be the same.
d)
The book would accelerate ten times as fast as the rock.
11.
On a distance vs. time graph, the line of an object at rest is a
a)
flat line with a slope of zero.
b)
curved line with a slope of zero.
c)
jagged line with a negative slope.
d)
curved line with a positive slope.
12.
Which of the following is true?
a)
Weight and mass are proportional but not equal.
b)
Weight is gravitational force an object experiences due to its mass.
c)
The weight of an object on Earth is greater than the weight of the same object on the moon, but the object’s mass stays the same.
d)
All of the above
13.
What is the unbalanced force that slows down a ball rolling across the floor?
a)
the force of friction
b)
the force of gravity
c)
the force of inertia
d)
the force of momentum
14.
The weight of an object can be calculated by multiplying mass by
a)
distance.
b)
free-fall acceleration.
c)
velocity.
d)
speed.
15.
Earth pulls on the moon and holds the moon in its orbit. The moon pulls on Earth with an equal and opposite force. This is an example of
a)
Newton’s first law.
b)
Newton’s second law.
c)
Newton’s third law.
d)
None of the above
16.
Which of the following best illustrates balanced forces?
a)
a rock falling to the ground
b)
a stretched rubber band being held between two hands
c)
a person lifting a heavy box off of the ground
d)
a crash between a large truck and a train
17.
Which object does not have momentum?
a)
a boulder rolling down a hill
b)
a rock by the side of the road
c)
a feather falling to the ground
d)
a fish swimming in a pond
18.
A car is parked on a hill. In order to keep the car from rolling downhill, how great must the static friction acting on the car be?
a)
smaller than the force pulling the car uphill
b)
greater than the force pulling the car downhill
c)
greater than the force pulling the car uphill
d)
equal to the force pulling the car downhill
19.
On a distance vs. time graph of an object’s motion, distance is usually
a)
plotted on the x-axis.
b)
greater than time.
c)
the dependent variable.
d)
measured in ft/min.
20.
A force is continuously applied to an object, causing it to accelerate. After a period of time, however, the object stops accelerating. What conclusions can be drawn?
a)
The mass of the object has increased.
b)
Gravity on the object has increased.
c)
The object is experiencing some kind of friction.
d)
The momentum of the object has reached a maximum.
21.
Which is an example of projectile motion'?
a)
a dart thrown at a dart board
b)
a rolling bowling ball
c)
a balloon rising in the air
d)
a high-speed train accelerating
22.
Speeding up, slowing down, and changing direction is best described as
a)
velocity.
b)
distance.
c)
displacement.
d)
acceleration.
23.
Which statement illustrates Newton’s first law?
a)
A stone will not move unless something pushes or pulls it.
b)
A ball rolling across the floor eventually slows down.
c)
As a car comes to a stop, the passengers continue to move forward.
d)
All of the above
24.
Of the following, the greatest gravitational force would occur between
a)
a marble and a baseball 5 meters apart.
b)
a loaded freighter on the high seas and Earth.
c)
the moon and an astronaut standing on the moon.
d)
the moon and Earth.
25.
A tug-of-war that results in one team pulling the other across the line is an example of
a)
action forces.
b)
reaction forces.
c)
balanced forces.
d)
unbalanced forces.
26.
If the net force acting on a stationary object is zero, then the object will
a)
accelerate in the direction of the strongest force.
b)
remain at rest.
c)
begin moving backwards.
d)
decelerate at a steady rate of speed.
27.
If an equal force is applied to two cars of equal mass, Car A and Car B. Car A will have ______ acceleration as (than) Car B.
a)
the same
b)
greater
c)
less
d)
the opposite
28.
In the absence of air resistance, how would the acceleration of a 1.5 kg book and the acceleration of a 15 kg rock differ if the objects were dropped from the same height?
a)
The book would accelerate twice as fast as the rock.
b)
They would not differ; they would be the same.
c)
The book would accelerate ten times as fast as the rock.
d)
The rock would accelerate twice as fast as the book.
29.
______ is the ratio of useful work output to work input.
a)
Potential energy
b)
Efficiency
c)
Kinetic energy
d)
Power
30.
The kind of energy associated with atomic bonds is
a)
nuclear energy.
b)
light energy
c)
chemical energy.
d)
kinetic energy.
31.
As a dropped penny falls toward the ground, _______ energy is converted to _______ energy.
a)
potential, kinetic
b)
kinetic, vibrational
c)
kinetic, heat
d)
thermal, potential
32.
What are the units of work?
a)
J
b)
N•m
c)
kg • m²/s²
d)
All of the above
33.
What are the two families of simple machines?
a)
wedge and compound
b)
inclined plane and lever
c)
first class and second class
d)
pulley and screw
34.
A ramp is a simple inclined plane that allows one to apply an input force ______ the output force.
a)
perpendicular to
b)
equal to
c)
greater than
d)
less than
35.
_____ is defined as the rate at which work is done.
a)
Joule
b)
Power
c)
Speed
d)
Mechanical advantage
36.
A ramp is a _______ that decreases the force required to move an object while increasing the distance the object travels.
a)
machine
b)
load
c)
newton
d)
force
37.
The law of conservation of energy states that energy
a)
is created from motion.
b)
cannot be created or destroyed.
c)
is always equal and opposite.
d)
can only be converted into heat.
38.
______ is a measure of the ability to do work.
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Power
c)
Energy
d)
Respiration
39.
A dropped racquetball will not return to its original position because
a)
some of the mechanical energy is converted to nonmechanical energy.
b)
the mechanical energy is stored up for later bounces.
c)
potential energy is inefficient.
d)
energy is not conserved.
40.
Gravitational potential energy depends on
a)
the mass of the object.
b)
the height of the object.
c)
the acceleration due to gravity.
d)
All of the above
41.
When a pitcher throws a softball to a catcher, the vibration of the atoms that make up the softball is _______ energy, while the motion of the ball toward the catcher is _______ energy.
a)
nonmechanical, mechanical
b)
potential, nonmechanical
c)
electrical, thermal
d)
mechanical, chemical
42.
When light moves from a material in which its speed is higher to a material in which its speed is lower, it is
a)
bent toward the normal.
b)
bent away from the normal.
c)
reflected off the boundary.
d)
changed into a virtual image.
43.
The particle model of light explains how light can
a)
travel through empty space without a medium.
b)
refract when it passes through a lens.
c)
be reflected off a mirror.
d)
diffract when it passes through a normal opening.
44.
Calculate the wave speed for a wave with a wavelength of 3 m and a frequency of 0.4 Hz
a)
1.2 m/s
b)
1.67 m/s
c)
0.15 m/s
d)
2.3 m/s
45.
Which statement about a diverging lens is correct?
a)
It bends light inward and can create either a virtual or a real image.
b)
It bends light outward and can only create a virtual image.
c)
It bends light outward and can create either a virtual or a real image.
d)
It bends light inward and can only create a real image.
46.
A man is standing on the shore of a beach, up to his knees in water. Every 5 seconds a wave breaks on him. What is the period of the wave?
a)
0.2 hertz
b)
5 hertz
c)
5 second
d)
12 waves per minute
47.
A person is standing still and listening to a siren Sounding an alarm. The frequency of the Sound is 500 Hz. The person begins running toward the sound at a rate of 20 m/s. The frequency of the sound the person hears will
a)
remain the same.
b)
decrease.
c)
increase.
d)
change by 20 Hz.
48.
Which property of light is not explained by the wave model of light?
a)
Light produces interference patterns.
b)
Light is diffracted when it passes through a narrow opening.
c)
Blue light can knock electrons off a plate but red light cannot.
d)
Light reflects when it meets a mirror, but it refracts when it passes through a lens.
49.
In addition to reflecting some light, every object
a)
transmits radio waves.
b)
absorbs some light.
c)
produces vibrations.
d)
None of the above
50.
Water waves
a)
transport energy and water.
b)
are not mechanical waves.
c)
transport water but not energy.
d)
transport energy but not water.
51.
White light separates into different colors when it passes through a prism because of
a)
differences in wave speed.
b)
total internal dispersion.
c)
reflection.
d)
droplets in the air.
52.
The frequency of a sound wave determines
a)
how fast the sound travels.
b)
how loud the sound is.
c)
the pitch of the sound.
d)
the magnitude of the compression.
53.
The amount of energy in a photon of light is proportional to the
a)
medium through which it travels.
b)
shape of the light wave it creates.
c)
speed of the corresponding light wave.
d)
frequency of the corresponding light wave.
54.
The law of reflection states that when light rays reflect off a surface, the angle of incidence
a)
equals the angle of reflection.
b)
is one-half the angle of reflection.
c)
is twice the angle of reflection.
d)
equals the angle of refraction.
55.
Which statement about mirrors is incorrect?
a)
Flat mirrors create virtual images.
b)
Concave mirrors can create real or virtual images.
c)
Only convex mirrors work according to the law of reflection.
d)
Curved mirrors distort images by reflecting light according to the law of reflection.
56.
A wave with a frequency of 0.5 Hz and a speed of 10 m/s has a wavelength of
a)
50 m.
b)
0.5 m.
c)
20 m.
d)
0.2 m.
57.
A child is sending pulses down a stretched rope at a rate of 2 pulses per second. The distance between the pulses is 5 meters. What is the speed of the wave?
a)
5 m/s
b)
10 m/s
c)
2 HZ
d)
2.5 m/s
58.
Waves travel quickly in a ______ because the molecules are closely packed and physically bonded together.
a)
liquid
b)
gas
c)
solid
d)
None of the above
59.
Sound waves
a)
are unrelated to vibrations.
b)
require a medium.
c)
are not mechanical waves.
d)
can travel in a vacuum.
60.
Light waves
a)
require a medium.
b)
cannot travel through solids.
c)
cannot travel through liquids.
d)
are electromagnetic waves.
61.
A wave has a period of 0.25 seconds. The frequency of this wave is
a)
25 seconds.
b)
0.25 hertz.
c)
4 hertz.
d)
2 hertz.
62.
A person is standing still and listening to a siren Sounding an alarm. The frequency of the Sound is 500 Hz. The person begins running toward the sound at a rate of 20 m/s. The frequency of the sound the person hears will
a)
remain the same.
b)
change by 20 Hz.
c)
decrease.
d)
increase.
63.
Which type of electromagnetic waves has the highest energy?
a)
gamma rays
b)
ultraviolet light
c)
infrared
d)
microwaves
64.
Light rays that pass through a lens change direction because
a)
of internal reflection.
b)
virtual images always appear slightly larger than real images.
c)
light is broken up into many different colors.
d)
they are refracted.
65.
A train of waves is moving at a speed of 30 m/s. The frequency of the waves is 10 Hz. What is the wavelength?
a)
300 m
b)
30 m
c)
3 m
d)
0.1 m
66.
When you look at an orange, you see the color orange because the fruit
a)
absorbs orange light and reflects other colors.
b)
reflects orange light and absorbs other colors.
c)
reflects red and yellow light only.
d)
absorbs red and yellow light only.
67.
To hear, which of the following takes place?
a)
The ear senses vibrations in the air.
b)
The ear amplifies the vibrations.
c)
The ear transmits signals to the brain.
d)
All of the above
68.
A train of waves has a wavelength of 27 m. The frequency of the waves is 10 Hz. What is the speed of the wave?
a)
2.7 m/s
b)
10 m/s
c)
270 m/s
d)
0.1 m/s
69.
The color that an object appears to be depends on the
a)
angle at which visible light is reflected off the object.
b)
wavelengths of visible light that reaches your eyes.
c)
use of additive rather than subtractive colors.
d)
speed with which visible light reaches it.
70.
A set of electric trains are powered by a 9-V battery. What is the resistance of the trains if they draw 3.0 A of current?
a)
3 Ω
b)
0.03 Ω
c)
27 Ω
d)
2.7 Ω
71.
There is a potential difference of 12 V across a resistor with 0.25 A of current in it. The resistance of the resistor is
a)
48 Ω.
b)
24 Ω.
c)
12 Ω.
d)
0.021 Ω.
72.
Potential differences cause
a)
electrons to move from the positive terminal to the negative terminal.
b)
electrons to move from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.
c)
protons to move from the positive terminal to the negative terminal.
d)
protons to move from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.
73.
Resistance is caused by
a)
kinetic energy.
b)
electron charge.
c)
proton charge.
d)
internal friction.
74.
Is a current flowing in the schematic diagram above?
a)
Yes. Because the light bulb is is a perfect fit, and there is enough battery power.
b)
Yes. Because the switch is closed, there is a closed-loop path for the electrons to follow.
c)
No. Because the light bulb is is too big, there is not enough battery power.
d)
No. Because the switch is open, there is not a closed-loop path for the electrons to follow.
75.
______ is the opposition posed by a material to the flow of current.
a)
Resistance
b)
Charge
c)
Voltage
d)
Ampere
76.
What effect does decreased resistance have on a circuit?
a)
Decreased resistance decreases the current in the circuit.
b)
Decreased resistance increases the current in the circuit.
c)
Both A and B.
d)
None of the above.
77.
Electric field lines show the strength and ______ of an electric field.
a)
polarization
b)
direction
c)
temperature
d)
friction
78.
A device that protects a circuit from current overload is called a
a)
circuit breaker.
b)
capacitor.
c)
flux capacitor
d)
closed circuit.
79.
What is the potential difference (voltage) across a resistor that dissipates 5.00 W of power and has a current of 5.0 A?
a)
1.0 V
b)
4.00 V
c)
25 V.
d)
0.20 V
100 %
