Say what means of emphasis is used in the following sentence: “I think it was then she recognized me.”

Say what means of emphasis is used in the following sentence:

“And now I am going to play the organ”, said Beste-Chetwynde. “After all, my mother does pay five guineas a term extra for me to learn.”

Choose the most appropriate variant of translating the sentence: “A book fell off the shelf.”

There exist various classifications of grammatical transformations, yet most frequently specialists speak about four groups of such transformations. What are they?

Change in the order of linguistic elements, such as words, phrases, clauses and sentences is .

Omissions are used to .

What kind of transformation is called the reverse of addition?

A very common grammatical transformation which consists in the replacement of a simple sentence by a complex one and vice versa. What is the name of this transformation?

A very common grammatical transformation which consists in the replacement of coordinate connection by subordination and vice versa is called

          .

Replacements as a type of grammatical transformations can affect practically all types of linguistic units. Some of them are listed below. Find an outsider.

Define the type of grammatical transformation. SL: ‘a novel about the lives of common people’

TL: роман о жизни простых людей/ қарапайым халықтың өмірі туралы роман.

SL: ‘I heard my mother go out and close the door.’ TL: Я услышал, как мама вышла из комнаты и закрыла двери. The translation technique used in the given example is     .

A replacement of two simple sentences by one complex or compound and vice versa is called  .

Sentence division and integration are closely interrelated with the grammatical transformation known as replacement. In fact, these two techniques are subtypes of the           .

Coordination and subordination are   .

The English ‘gun license’ may be rendered into Russian and Kazakh as ‘удостоверение на право ношения оружия'/ ‘қару ұстау құқығына куəлік’.

In this example we deal with the transformation called        .

            is reducing the redundancy of the text by omitting words which can be easily restored from the context.

Define the type of translation technique used in the English- Russian/Kazakh translation.

SL: The treaty was pronounced null and void. TL(Ru): Договор был признан недействительным. TL(Kz): Келісімшарт жарамсыз деп танылды.

Define the transformation:

oil talks – переговоры по вопросу о нефти / мұнай бойынша келіссөздер.

SL: ‘So I paid my check and all. Then I left the bar and went where the telephones were.’

TL(Kz): ‘Ақшасын төлеп, ойын автоматтарына бардым’.

TL(Ru): ‘Я расплатился и пошел к автоматам.’

In the given example the translator employed            .

Name the transformation. SL: ‘other philosophies’

TL: другие философские теории / басқа философиялық теориялар.

Define the type of translation technique used in the translation from English:

SL: 125 passengers and 5 crew

TL(Kz): 125 жолаушы мен 5 экипаж мүшесі

TL(Ru) 125 пассажиров и 5 членов экипажа

Which is the most common formula for the English word-order?

What syntactic unit is considered to be the starting point in describing an idea or situation?

A change in the word-order of the sentence is known as                            .

In theory of translation ‘rheme’ is the term applied to specify                             .

The location of theme and rheme in Russian and English                        .

In Russian the new information (rheme) is usually placed                           .

In translation theory ‘theme’ is the term applied to specify   .

Some information already known or supposed to be known to the receiver from the previous context is                                                       .

The part of the sentence which contains completely new information is called       .

Taking into account ‘theme-rheme’ relations, the sentence ‘A boy came in’ should be translated into Russian as .

Rheme in the Russian sentence          .

In English        can often mark the rheme/theme of the sentence.

Find the rheme in the sentence:

‘A lecture followed on the inadequacies of modern policemen and immorality of modern youth’.

Find the rheme in the sentence: В нашу страну пришла перестройка.

In the English language there are a number of grammatical forms that are not always available in the target language. If no grammatical forms are available in the target language, the translator must           .

Say which of the following English grammatical phenomena do/does not have direct analogues in the Russian language:

Say which of the following meanings is not typical for the English article:

In the process of translation articles are usually       (unless they have some special role in the sentence or some additional meaning).

‘A Mr.Brown’ should be rendered into Russian as     .

According to Professor Galperin the definite article has        meanings.

According to Professor Galperin the indefinite article has       

meanings.

Any translator should bear in mind that the noun category of number in English and Russian    .

Find the example of Singularia Tantum among the following words:

Find the example of Singularia Tantum among the following words:

Find the example of Pluralia Tantum among the following words:

What is the English for ‘корь/ қызылша’?

Complete the phrase: forty one          .