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Genetics Unit 5

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

a gene is a _________ of DNA

a)

DNA

b)

segment

c)

RNA

d)

nucleotide

2.

DNA is related to

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Genetics

3.

What is "A"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

4.

What is "B"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

5.

What is "C"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

6.

What is the molecule in the image?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

7.

What is the complimentary sequence of the following sequence:

GATCAG

a)

TGACAT

b)

GACATG

c)

CTAGTC

d)

CGACTA

8.

What do the dotted lines between the nitrogenous bases (A,T,C,G) represent in the image provided?

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Peptide bonds

d)

Hydrogen bonds

9.

Adenine can bond with... (CAREFUL!!!)

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Thymine

d)

Uracil

10.

Which bases are only found in DNA?

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

e)

Guanine

11.

Guanine will bond with...

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

12.

Why are the nucleotides so gosh darn important? (Careful, all statements are true! Make sure you are picking what makes them IMPORTANT!!!!)

a)

They hold the DNA together.

b)

They live in the nucleus.

c)

This is the chemical part that CODES for life.

d)

There are 5 different kinds.

13.

DNA is an acronym for _____

a)

Diphosphorus Nucleic Acid

b)

Ribose Nucleic Acid

c)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

d)

Deoxyribonucleic Acetate

14.

The weak bonds between base pairs is a ___

a)

Covalent Bond

b)

Polar Bond

c)

Non Polar Bond

d)

Hydrogen

15.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
16.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

17.

What does RNA stand for?

a)

Ribonucleic acid

b)

Ricenucleic acid

c)

Ribouncenucleic acid

d)

Rinucleic acid

18.

What are the 4 RNA nitrogen bases?

a)

adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine

b)

adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine

c)

adenine, uracil, cytoplasm, and guanine

d)

adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine

19.

DNA contains the template to make RNA

a)

True

b)

False

20.

RNA is double-stranded.

a)

true

b)

false

c)

it depends on the type

21.

What is the process that makes a complementary mRNA strand from a DNA strand?

a)

protein synthesis

b)

transcription

c)

translation

d)

DNA Polymerase

22.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
23.
What is occurring in this picture?
a)
Translation
b)
Replication
c)
Translocation
d)
Transcription
24.
What does mRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
25.

Using this DNA sequence AAA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

a)

UUU AAA

b)

AAA UUU

26.

Using this DNA sequence ATA CGA GGA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

a)

UAU GCU CCU AAA

b)

UAU GCU CCU TTT

c)

TAT GCT CCT AAA

d)

TAT GCT CCT TTT

27.
What part of a nucleotide accounts for the genetic variation between individuals?
a)
phosphate
b)
nitrogenous base
c)
deoxyribose
d)
sugar
28.
Which phrase best describes translation?
a)
converts mRNA into a polypeptide
b)
catalyzes bonds between amino acids
c)
produces RNA from DNA molecules
d)
recycles tRNA molecules for reuse
29.

Which statement is true about RNA?

a)

RNA is usually single stranded and contains the base uracil

b)

RNA is usually double stranded and contains the base thymine

c)

RNA is made in the nucleus and stays there to carry out its function

d)

All of the above are true.

30.

True or False: RNA uses deoxyribose sugar.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

After transcription mRNA goes from the nucleus to the _________.

a)

Ribosome

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Vacuoles

32.

The first step of protein synthesis is.....

a)

replication

b)

mitosis

c)

translation

d)

transcription

33.
A substance that can cause a change in the DNA code of an organism is called a 
a)
toxin
b)
mutagen
c)
nitrogenous base
d)
nucleotide
34.
Changes is DNA sequences that affect genetic information are known as
a)
replications
b)
mutations
c)
transformations
d)
translations
35.
The process of making proteins on the ribosome based on instructions from messenger RNA is called
a)
transcription
b)
transformation
c)
translation
d)
molecular biology
36.
Which of the following statements about the genetic code is true?
a)
A codon can specify more than one amino acid
b)
Every codon specifies a different amino acid
c)
Some codons specify the same amino acid
d)
Some codons have no function at all
37.
In messenger RNA, each codon specifies a particular
a)
nucleotide
b)
enzyme
c)
amino acid
d)
promoter
38.
What structure of this molecule binds with the mRNA molecule?
a)
Amino Acid
b)
tRNA
c)
Anticodon
d)
Codon
39.
How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?
a)
The two different cells become mutated
b)
The proteins expressed in each cell are different
c)
They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
d)
The genome of the different cells changes
40.
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Amino Acids
41.

DNA controls the cell by instructing it when and how to make different

a)

nucleotides

b)

proteins

c)

fatty acids

d)

carbohydrates

42.

Amino acids are joined together in order to form...

a)

DNA

b)

ribosomes

c)

proteins

d)

RNA

43.

Which mutation would be more harmful for an organism?

a)

Point mutation (substitution)

b)

Frameshift (insertion/Deletion)

44.

When grandma's cookie recipe changed from 2 cups chocolate chips to 2 chocolate chips this is an example of a __________ mutation.

a)

insertion

b)

deletion

c)

duplication

45.

When grandma's cookie recipe changed from 350 degrees to 550 degrees, this is an example of a _________ mutation

a)

deletion

b)

substitution

c)

inversion

46.
Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?
a)

Insertions only

b)

Substitution only

c)

Deletion only

d)

Insertions and Deletions

47.

Enzyme that connects the DNA to the backbone (glues)

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

Primase

48.

Enzyme that breaks hydrogen bonds (unzips)

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase

c)

Primase

d)

Helicase

49.

DNA replication results in

a)

2 completely new DNA molecules

b)

2 DNA molecules that each contain a strand of the original

c)

1 new DNA molecule and 1 old

d)

1 new molecule of DNA

50.
Why does DNA replicate?
a)
To create another copy for the new cell
b)
To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged
c)
To create a new copy to replace the damaged original
51.
Place the following in sequential order
1. Recoil
2. Straightens the double helix
3. Breaks Hydrogen bonds
4. Adds Free nucleotides
a)
1, 2, 3, 4
b)
3, 4, 2, 1
c)
3, 2, 4, 1
d)
2, 3, 4, 1
52.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription

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