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Biology CUA6 Genetics

Total questions: 22

Worksheet time: 11mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Diabetic patients need insulin injections after every meal to stay healthy. Insulin is manufactured by inserting the human insulin gene into a E. coli plasmid which is then expressed and isolated. This suggests that both humans and E.coli ....

a)

A.are prokaryotic organisms

b)

B.Have nothing in common

c)

C. Share a common genetic code

d)

D. have incompatible genetic codes

2.

In domesticated dogs, hair type is controlled by two different alleles. The allele for wire hair is (H) and the allele for smooth hair is (h). When two heterozygous dogs are crossed, what percentage of the offspring is expected to be homozygous for smooth hair?

a)

A.0%

b)

B. 25%

c)

C.50%

d)

D.75%

3.

The Himalayan rabbit’s habitat has cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, tail, and ears, which are covered in black fur. A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the back of a Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice pack over the shaved area. The shaved area grew black fur. Which of these best explains why the hair that grew back where the ice pack was placed was black and not white?

a)

A. The genes for black hair were activated by specific temperatures.

b)

B. The white hair mutated to black hair as the rabbit’s body temperature decreased.

c)

C. The coat color changed from white to black with the age of the rabbit.

d)

D. White hair only grows during certain times of the year.

4.

The observed trait (physical appearance) that appears in an organism as a result of its genetic makeup is called the organism’s?

a)

A.allele

b)

B.genotype

c)

C. phenotype

d)

D.karyotype

5.

A genetic cross involving two unlinked genes is represented. AaGG x aaGg Which genotype is NOT possible in the offspring produced by the cross?

a)

A.AaGG

b)

B. Aagg

c)

C.aaGg

d)

D.aaGG

6.

Human body cells each have 46 chromosomes in their nuclei. Meiosis is necessary in order to ensure that each gamete produced in the human body has —

a)

A.12 chromosomes

b)

B. 23 chromosomes

c)

C.46 chromosomes

d)

D.92 chromosomes

7.

Part 1 In aliens body color green (G) is dominant to body color blue (g). The Punnett square below shows a cross between two green aliens. What is the genotype of the parents shown in the Punnett square? Part 2 Which of these describes the phenotypic ratio of the offspring represented in the above Punnett square?

a)

D.Both heterozygous

b)

A.Both homozygous dominant

c)

B.Homozygous dominant and heterozygous

d)

A.50% green and 50% blue

e)

C.Both homozygous recessive

8.

The gene for fluorescence in a species of glow-in-the-dark jellyfish can be placed into E. Coli bacteria and the bacteria will then also express the gene for fluorescence and glow a bright green color under a black light. Why is it that a gene from one species can be expressed by an organism from a different species?

a)

A. They are both prokaryotic organisms.

b)

B. They contain DNA composed of the same four types of nucleotides.

c)

C. They are classified as members of the same kingdom.

d)

D. E. Coli naturally possess the genetics to glow in the dark they just needed some encouragement.

9.

What is the probability of albinism in the offspring of a cross between two mice with AaBb alleles?

a)

A. 1/16

b)

B. 3/16

c)

C. 4/16

d)

D. 9/16

10.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence. How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?

a)

A. By activating or deactivating specific genes

b)

B. By calculating the number of genes different organisms produce

c)

C. By identifying how closely related one individual is to another

d)

D. By determining the number of chromosomes in an organism

11.

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This exchange of genetic material —

a)

A. increases the genetic variation

b)

B. reduces the diploid number to the haploid number

c)

C. increases the haploid number to the diploid number

d)

D. reduces the probability of mutations

12.

A person can have either straight or bent pinky fingers. A woman who is homozygous for bent pinky fingers has children with a man who has straight pinky fingers. All of their children have bent pinky fingers. The trait for bent pinky fingers is an example of a trait that is?

a)

A. Dominant

b)

B. Recessive

c)

C. Codominant

d)

D. Incomplete Dominance

13.

In humans blood type is determined by the A, B, and O alleles. The A and B alleles are codominant to each other and dominant over the O allele. An individual with the AO genotype and an individual with the BO genotype can produce offspring with which of the following phenotypes?

a)

A. O only

b)

B. A or B only

c)

C. A, B, or O only

d)

D. A, B, AB, or O

14.

In a population of fruit flies, the allele for red eyes (R) is dominant over the allele for white eyes (r). If two heterozygous red-eyed flies mate, what is the probability that an offspring will have white eyes?

a)

A. 0%

b)

B. 25%

c)

C. 50%

d)

D. 75%

15.

In cocker spaniels the allele for a black coat color (B) is dominant over the allele for a brown coat color (b). If a brown cocker spaniel is crossed with a heterozygous black cocker spaniel, which of the following genotypic ratios can be expected?

a)

0 BB: 2 Bb: 2bb

b)

1 BB: 2 Bb: 1 bb

c)

2 BB: 0 Bb: 2 bb

d)

2 BB: 1 Bb: 0 bb

16.

Facial dimples and free earlobes are both considered dominant human traits. What are the expected phenotypes of the offspring of a female with dimples and free earlobes (DDFf) and a male with no dimples and attached earlobes (ddff)?

a)

50% with dimples and free earlobes and 50% with dimples and attached earlobes

b)

50% with dimples and free earlobes and 50% with no dimples and attached earlobes

c)

75% with dimples and free earlobes and 25% with no dimples and attached earlobes

d)

75% with dimples and attached earlobers and 25% with no dimples and free earlobes

17.

The four butterflies in the illustrations represent the offspring of the F1 generation. Which statement is best supported by the phenotypes of these offspring?

a)

the F1 generation is composed of only males

b)

two of the offspring in the F1 generation will not be able to reproduce

c)

the F1 generation is the result of a dihybrid cross

d)

two of the offspring in the F1 generation will experience a spontaneous mutation

18.

Chickens can have different types of feathers. Frizzled feathers curl toward a chicken's head. Assume that feather type is determined by a single gene and that the allele for frizzles feathers is dominant over the allele for straight feathers. In a cross between two chickens with straight feathers, what percentage of the offspring can be expected to have frizzled feathers?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

19.

Albinism is an autosomal recessive condition. Which circle graph shows the genotype probability when an albino female mates with a male that is heterozygous for the albinism trait?

a)
b)
c)
d)
20.

In cattle the allele for cloven hooves (H) is dominant over the allele for mule foot hooves (h). The phenotype for each trait is shown in this picture. What is the probability of cloven hooves in the offspring of parents that are heterozygous for the trait?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

21.

Mice have two unlinked allele pairs that affect fur color. The table shows how allele pairs affect fur color. The term "agouti" describes fur with pigmentation that changes in each hair from the shaft to the tip, giving the fur a banded appearance. Mice with the aa allele pair are albino, regardless of the second allele-pair combination. What is the probability of albinism in the offspring of a cross between two mice with AaBb alleles?

a)

1/16

b)

3/16

c)

4/16

d)

9/16

22.

The inheritance pattern for an autosomal dominant trait is shown in the pedigree. Shaded symbols represent individuals that express the dominant trait. Based on this pedigree, what are the most likely genotypes of individuals with I-1 and I-2?

a)

I-1: aa

I-2: Aa

b)

I-1: AA

I-2: Aa

c)

I-1: Aa

I-2:aa

d)

I-1: aa

I-2: AA