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Hydrology Test Review

Total questions: 170

Worksheet time: 3hrs 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What effect does the sun have on surface water?

a)

It causes it to boil

b)

It causes it to rain

c)

It causes it to sink

d)

It causes it to evaporate

2.

When water vapor is cooled and forms droplets of liquid water

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Runoff

3.
Precipitation occurs because 
a)
the droplets evaporate in the air
b)
the droplets are too light for the air to hold
c)
the droplets are too heavy for the air to hold
4.
When water turns into a gas
a)
condensation 
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
5.
What is water that flows in rivers and streams into the oceans and lakes?
a)
evaporating
b)
condensing
c)
precipitating
d)
runoff
6.

What is precipitation?

a)

Sweat from our bodies on hot days

b)

Warm rain but not cold snow or sleet

c)

Gas that we use in furnaces or ovens

d)

Any form of water that falls from the sky

7.

The process when plants release water vapor from their leaves is called _____________.

a)

precipitation

b)

evaporation

c)

transpiration

d)

condensation

8.

What step of the water cycle does this picture show?

a)

Condensation

b)

Runoff

c)

Precipitation

d)

Evaporation

9.
The water cycle has
a)
a beginning and an end. 
b)
no beginning an no end. 
c)
only a beginning. 
d)
only an end. 
10.
What source of energy evaporates the most water from Earth’s surface?
a)
volcanoes
b)
the sun
c)
lightning
d)
wind
11.

What are formed when water vapor condenses and come together?

a)

Clouds

b)

Mountains

c)

Transpiration

d)

Valleys

12.
Which of these is an example of precipitation?
a)
snow
b)
air
c)
clouds
d)
vapor
13.

Is precipitation any form of water that falls back to earth?

a)

Yes

b)

No

14.
The most common form of precipitation in the summer is...
a)
Rain
b)
Snow
c)
Sleet
d)
Hail
15.

When clouds fill with water and can't hold anymore, the water falls from the clouds as -

a)

precipitation

b)

clouds

16.

What does transpiration mean?

a)

the process by which water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid water

b)

the process by which liquid water changes to water vapor

c)

the evaporation of water from plants

d)

any form of water that falls from clouds to Earth’s surface

17.

Define condensation

a)

the process by which water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid water

b)

he process by which liquid water changes to water vapor

c)

the evaporation of water from plants

d)

water that moves through soil or rock underground

18.

Define infiltration

a)

he process by which water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid water

b)

the evaporation of water from plants

c)

the process by which liquid water changes to water vapor

d)

the movement of water into the ground

19.

Define groundwater

a)

water that moves through soil or rock underground

b)

liquid water that runs downhill on Earth’s surface

c)

the movement of water into the ground

d)

the process by which liquid water changes to water vapor

20.

Define precipitation

a)

water that moves through soil or rock underground

b)

the movement of water into the ground

c)

any form of water that falls from clouds to Earth’s surface

d)

the process by which water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid water

21.

Define runoff

a)

the process by which water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid water

b)

liquid water that runs downhill on Earth’s surface

c)

the movement of water into the ground

d)

water that moves through soil or rock underground

22.

Define evaporation

a)

the process by which liquid water changes to water vapor

b)

water that moves through soil or rock underground

c)

any form of water that falls from clouds to Earth’s surface

d)

the process by which water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid water

23.

What is the correct letter for condensation

a)

B

b)

C

c)

A

d)

F

24.

Write the correct letter that represents transpiration

a)

F

b)

E

c)

C

d)

B

25.

Write the correct letter to represent runoff

a)

D

b)

B

c)

C

d)

E

26.

What letter represents evaporation?

a)

D

b)

F

c)

A

d)

B

27.

What letter represents precipitation

a)

F

b)

A

c)

B

d)

C

28.

What letter represents infiltration

a)

D

b)

G

c)

E

d)

F

29.

What letter represents groundwater

a)

D

b)

E

c)

G

d)

F

30.

What energy source drives the water cycle?

a)

the moon

b)

gravity

c)

the wind

d)

the sun

31.

Condensation takes place at ____

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

32.

Evaporation takes places at ____

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

33.

Run off takes place at ___

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

34.

Infiltration takes place at ____

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

35.

Precipitation takes place at ___

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

36.

What is the Sun’s role in the Water Cycle?

a)

To provide light for the cycle

b)

To provide energy to drive the cycle

c)

o produce precipitation during the cycle

d)

To cause the water to condense in the cycle

37.

When solid water changes directly from a solid to a gas is called?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Transpiration

c)

Sublimation

d)

Condensation

38.

What is the percentage of saltwater on the Earth?

a)

97%

b)

71%

c)

50%

d)

3%

39.

Only 3% of the water on Earth is freshwater. About 2/3 of that water is not available for man’s use. Why is this?

a)

It is polluted

b)

It is salty

c)

It is in aquifers

d)

It is frozen

40.

What percentage of the Earth’s surface is covered by water?

a)

97%

b)

71%

c)

50%

d)

3%

41.

The process where water soaks into soil or porous rock .

a)

Sublimation

b)

Transpiration

c)

Groundwater

d)

Infiltration

42.

What holds approximately 96.5% - 97% of the Earth's water?

a)

The polar caps

b)

Glaciers

c)

Lakes & Rivers

d)

Oceans

43.

Approximately what percentage of the Earth's freshwater is easily available to humans?

a)

1%

b)

3%

c)

71%

d)

97%

44.

The water cycle begins with ______.

a)

condensation

b)

clouds

c)

precipitation

d)

has no beginning

45.

Once the water makes it all the way through the water cycle, the water_______.

a)

starts the cycle over again

b)

is done with its journey

c)

remains at the end of the cycle

d)

can take a break for awhile

46.

When plant leaves release water vapor into the air; "plant sweat"

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

precipitation

d)

transpiration

47.
Which represents the distribution of water on Earth?
a)
3% freshwater, 97% salt water
b)
97% freshwater, 3% salt water
c)
71% freshwater, 29% salt water
d)
29% freshwater, 71% salt water
48.
Where is most of the freshwater found on Earth?
a)
lakes
b)
glaciers
c)
oceans
d)
rivers
49.
Most of the Earth's water is in
a)
salty oceans
b)
freshwater lakes
c)
freshwater ponds
d)
glaciers
50.

Approximately _____ percent of Earth's water is freshwater.

a)

97

b)

1

c)

3

d)

10

51.

Approximately what percent of Earth's water is salt water?

a)

3

b)

70

c)

79

d)

97

52.

The Earth is covered with about 97% salt water.

a)

true

b)

false

53.

About 3% of the water on Earth is freshwater.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

What is groundwater?

a)

water that fills space between rocks of Earth

b)

water found within a lake or pond

c)

water that is evaporated from the surface of Earth

d)

water that is found in the ocean

55.

Water can exist on Earth as...

a)

solid ice

b)

liquid water

c)

the gas water vapor

d)

All of above

56.

Humans can only consume (drink)

a)

Freshwater

b)

Saltwater

57.
Why do we need to conserve water?
a)
It is an unlimited resource. 
b)
It is a limited resource. 
c)
There is a lot of water. 
d)
There is no need to conserve water.
58.

Approximately what percent of the Earth’s water is salt water?

a)

97%

b)

71%

c)

1%

d)

3%

59.

Valleys cut deep into the ocean floor

a)

Plankton

b)

Salinity

c)

Surface Current

d)

Ocean Trench

60.

Flat, deep, and smooth part of the ocean floor. Cold temperatures are found here.

a)

Continental Shelf

b)

Abyssal Plain

c)

Continental Slope

d)

Seamounts

61.

Underwater Volcanoes and Mountains?

a)

Seamounts

b)

Mountain Ridge

c)

Coastal Plains

d)

Abyssal Plains

62.

gently sloping shelf of land extending from the shoreline to the continental edge

a)

Continental Slope

b)

Continental Shelf

c)

Continental Rise

d)

Abyssal Plain

63.

Sharp underwater hill connecting the continent to the ocean floor?

a)

Ocean

b)

Coral Reef

c)

Plankton

d)

Continental Slope

64.

Sand, Mud, and rocks that are found on the ocean floor are called?

a)

Jet Stream

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Ocean Current

d)

Sediments

65.

The Mariana __________ is the deepest known part of the ocean floor

a)

Volcanoe

b)

Seamount

c)

Ridge

d)

Trench

66.
Which best represents the order of seafloor features as you move from the shoreline to the deep ocean?
a)
 Continental slope – continental shelf- continental rise – mid-ocean ridge
b)
 Continental rise – continental shelf – mid-ocean ridge -  continental slope
c)
 Continental shelf – continental slope – continental rise – mid-ocean ridge
d)
   Mid-ocean ridge – continental rise – continental shelf- continental slope
67.

What is letter B?

a)

Cont. Shelf

b)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

c)

Volcanic Island

d)

Seamount

68.

What is letter E?

a)

Volcanic Island

b)

Seamount

c)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

d)

Abyssal Plain

69.
The gradually sloping part of a continent that extends under the ocean is the...
a)
continental slope
b)
continental shelf
c)
abyssal plain
d)
trench
70.
Seamount is similiar to...
a)
a volcanic island
b)
a small mountain or volcano
c)
The Great Plains
d)
The Grand Canyon
71.
The continental slope is located at the end of the...
a)
shoreline
b)
continental shelf
c)
mid ocean ridge
d)
abyssal plain
72.
What is the difference between a volcanic island & a seamount?
a)
A volcanic island rises above the water & a seamount does not
b)
A seamount rises above the water & a volcanic island does not
c)
Both the seamount & volcanic island are underwater
d)
Both the seamount & the volcanic island rise above the water
73.
Scientists use ______ to determine the oceans depth.
a)
Submarines
b)
Sonar
c)
Helicopters
d)
Radiowaves
74.

Which of these are the deepest parts of the oceans?

a)

Continental Shelf

b)

Abyssal Plain

c)

Ocean Trench

d)

Continental Rise

75.

The descending slope which connects the seafloor to the continental shelf.

a)

continental shelf

b)

trench

c)

guyot

d)

continental slope

76.

An underwater mountain range that is an oceanic spreading center. Responsible for the creation of new ocean floor.

a)

trench

b)

mid-ocean ridge

c)

abyssal plain

d)

continental shelf

77.

Name feature A

a)

trench

b)

continental slope

c)

guyot

d)

mid-ocean ridge

78.

Name feature B

a)

guyot

b)

seamount

c)

abyssal plain

d)

volcanic island

79.

Flat or very gently sloping areas of the ocean floor.

a)

abyssal plain

b)

continental shelf

c)

trench

d)

continental floor

80.

A mountain rising from the ocean floor that does not reach water's surface.

a)

volcanic island

b)

continental shelf

c)

seamount

d)

guyot

81.

Name feature C

a)

guyot

b)

seamount

c)

abyssal plain

d)

continental shelf

82.

Long, narrow topographic depressions of the ocean floor.

a)

continental shelf

b)

volcanic island

c)

trench

d)

continental wedge

83.

The extended part of each continent that is under water.

a)

trench

b)

guyot

c)

continental shelf

d)

volcanic island

84.

This trench is the deepest part of the world's ocean and the deepest location on the surface of the earth.

a)

trench

b)

guyot

c)

Mariana Trench

d)

seamount

85.

Seamounts that reach the surface of the ocean.

a)

guyot

b)

continental slope

c)

abyssal plain

d)

volcanic island

86.

Seamounts with a flat top.

a)

seamount

b)

volcanic island

c)

guyot

d)

volcanic arc

87.

A chain of volcanic islands or mountains.

a)

mid-ocean ridge

b)

volcanic island

c)

seamounts

d)

volcanic arc

88.

Name the feature for D

a)

volcanic arc

b)

volcanic island

c)

mid-ocean ridge

d)

continental shelf

89.

Name the feature for E

a)

volcanic island

b)

volcanic arc

c)

seamount

d)

mid-ocean ridge

90.

Name the feature for F

a)

continental slope

b)

continental shelf

c)

abyssal plain

d)

trench

91.

Name the feature for G

a)

seamount

b)

trench

c)

mid-ocean ridge

d)

continental shelf

92.

What two elements make up salt water?

a)

Sodium Chloride

b)

Sodium Salt

c)

Salt Chloride

d)

Potassium Chloride

93.

The measurement of salinity is

a)

the amount of salt in the water.

b)

the amount of chloride in the water.

c)

the amount of potassium in the water.

d)

the amount of nutrients in the water.

94.

What makes the surface of the ocean a different temperature from the rest?

a)

global warming

b)

the sun

c)

human activities

d)

glaciers melting

95.
 As the temperature of ocean water changes from 10 to 30 degrees C, how does the density change?
a)
The water becomes more dense
b)
The water becomes less dense
c)
 The density does not change 
d)
 It is impossible to predict
96.
 The density of ocean water is influenced by what two factors?
a)
 Salinity and temperature
b)
Water color and chlorophyll
c)
 Dissolved gases and dissolved solids
d)
 Dissolved carbon and trace elements
97.
The temperature and salinity of the ocean change the most:
a)
Near the surface
b)
 Near the bottom
c)
 Near Antarctica
d)
Near the equator
98.
 What is true about the water on the bottom of the ocean?
a)
 It is the saltiest water found in the ocean
b)
It is the densest water found in the ocean
c)
 It is not frozen because sunlight warms it up
d)
 It does not move
99.
 How do conditions change as the depth of the ocean water increases?
a)
temperature decreases and pressure increases
b)
temperature increases and pressure increases
c)
temperature decreases and pressure decreases
d)
temperature increases and pressure decreases
100.
Why are people not able to scuba dive to the deepest parts of the ocean?
a)
As you go deeper into the ocean, temperature decreases and pressure increases too much for a body to withstand.
b)
As you go deeper into the ocean, temperature and pressure increase too much for a body to withstand.
c)
As you go deeper into the ocean, temperature and pressure decrease too much for a body to withstand.
d)
As you go deeper into the ocean, temperature increases and pressure increases too much for a body to withstand.
101.
If I have freshwater that is less dense, what will it do in comparison to salt water that is more dense?
a)
The more dense water will float and the less dense water will sink.
b)
The more dense water will sink and the less dense water will float
c)
Nothing they will mix evenly.
102.
As we go deeper into the ocean, salinity ___________. 
a)
Doubles
b)
Decreases 
c)
Increases
d)
Remains the same 
103.
The highest salinity would be found in which of the following areas?
a)
an area with high rates of precipitation
b)
an area with high rates of evaporation
c)
an area with plenty of runoff
d)
all of the above
104.
What happens to pressure as you go deeper into the ocean? 
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
d)
doubles
105.
What is the scientific name for salt? 
a)
Sodium Acetate 
b)
Sodium Chloride 
c)
Chloride sodium 
d)
Hydroxide sulfate 
106.
Which process does NOT lead to a decrease in the salinity of water?
a)
runoff from land
b)
precipitation
c)
sea ice melting
d)
evaporation
107.
The higher the salt content in the ocean the ________ dense the water will be.
a)
less
b)
more
c)
nothing happens
108.
As salinity  increases
a)
Density increases
b)
Density decreases
109.
As you go deeper in the ocean, the water is warmer and less salty.
a)
True
b)
False
110.
Rainfall and river runoff cause the salinity to _________________. 
a)
increase
b)
decrease
111.

In this model of layers of water, what can you infer about the red layer of water?

a)

It is warmer than the yellow, green, and blue layers

b)

It is colder than the yellow, green, and blue layers

c)

It is higher in salinity than the yellow, green, and blue layers

d)

It is higher in salinity and warmer than the other layers

112.

In this model, what is the order of layers from most dense to least dense?

a)

Blue, green, yellow, red

b)

Blue, yellow, green, red

c)

Green, Blue, yellow, red

d)

Red, yellow, green, blue

113.

All of the following can generate currents within Earth's oceans except–

a)

wind blowing over time.

b)

differences in temperature

c)

rivers flowing into the sea.

d)

differences in salinity.

114.

When do spring tides occur?

a)

New Moon and first quarter

b)

First quarter and third quarter

c)

New moon and full moon

d)

Full moon and third quarter

115.

Salinity and temperature both have an influence on ocean currents because both the temperature of water and the amount of dissolved salt in it affect–

a)

how quickly it evaporates.

b)

its ability to conduct electricity

c)

the latitude where it is found.

d)

the density of the water.

116.

What moon phases do neap tides occur?

a)

New moon and full moon

b)

First quarter and new moon

c)

Full moon and third quarter

d)

First quater and third quarter

117.

Wha type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?

a)

full moon tide

b)

new moon tide

c)

neap tide

d)

spring tide

118.

Which source has the strongest effect on tides?

a)

Sun

b)

Moon

c)

Earth

d)

Wind

119.

The force by which a planet or other body draws objects toward its center

a)

Rotation

b)

Motion

c)

Cycle

d)

Gravity

120.

Waves in the ocean can have which of the following effects?

a)

Slowing the rotation of Earth

b)

Reducing the salinity in water

c)

Changing the direction of wind

d)

Removing sand from beaches

121.
The density of ocean water is affected by temperature and ___________.
a)
salinity
b)
depth
c)
volume
122.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
123.
Tides are caused by
a)
strong winds that blow over ocean waters.
b)
the interaction of Earth, the moon and the sun.
c)
the shifting of the plates on the ocean floor.
d)
variations in the salinity of ocean water
124.

The data table above contains information about high and low tides for a particular location. The data in this table best supports which of the following conclusions?

a)

The difference between high and low tides is greatest during a new or full moon.

b)

The high and low tides are always exactly the same during first and third quarter moons.

c)

The highest high and lowest low tides usually happen a few days after we see a full moon.

d)

High tides get gradually higher and low tides get gradually lower throughout the lunar cycle.

125.

The data table provides information about air and water conditions in a certain location throughout the day. Which of the following statements about waves is supported by data in the table?

a)

The warmer the water, the larger the wave.

b)

Wave speed is influenced by wind direction.

c)

Colder air temperatures increase wave height.

d)

Wave height increases as wind speed increases.

126.
Which of the following is responsible for the Earth's tides?
a)
The circulation of water in bays and estuaries
b)
The thermohaline circulation of water
c)
The wind speed and fetch of eater
d)
The gravitational pull of the sun and moon
127.
Surface ocean currents are generated mostly by
a)
the Coriolis effect
b)
water density
c)
tides
d)
wind
128.
The Gulf Stream current makes the waters of the North Atlantic
a)
cooler
b)
warmer
c)
more dense
d)
less nutrient rich
129.
How do warm-water currents affect the coastal areas along which they flow?
a)
Cool the coast
b)
Warm the coast
c)
Cause snow to fall
d)
Cause higher tides
130.
How many high tides occur each day?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
131.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
132.
What type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
full moon tide
b)
new moon tide
c)
neap tide
d)
spring tide
133.
The Coriolis Effect is caused by
a)
Earth revolving around the sun
b)
Earth rotating on its axis
c)
Rising and falling tides
d)
Pull of gravity
134.
Deep ocean currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
135.
What is the periodic rise and fall of the water level in the oceans?
a)
Tide
b)
Tidal range
c)
Spring Tide
d)
Neap Tide
136.
What does an ocean’s salinity refer to?
a)
the depth of the ocean trenches.
b)
the height of the waves. 
c)
the temperature level of the water.
d)
the level of minerals in the water.
137.
What happens to a current when it comes in contact with a continent or landmass?
a)
It continues over the continent
b)
It stops
c)
It changes direction
d)
It is absorbed by the land
138.
Currents that are far beneath the surface
a)
deep ocean currents
b)
surface currents
c)
current
d)
global winds
139.
An "underwater river" of water that flows in the ocean, formed because of density differences in ocean water.
a)
deep ocean current
b)
storm surge
c)
tide
d)
wave
140.
Large stream of water that flows in the ocean that forms because of a steady wind blowing over the ocean surface.
a)
storm surge
b)
surface current
c)
tide
d)
water cycle
141.

How do deep ocean currents form?

a)

The form as warm, dense water sinks and flows beneath cold ocean water.

b)

They form as cold, dense water sinks and flows beneath warm ocean water.

c)

They form as warm, dense water sinks and flows with other warm ocean water.

d)

The wind blows causing the deep ocean currents.

142.

Use the pie chart above identifying ways that Georgia could use less water from the Chattahoochee River. Which conservation methods would likely have the greatest impact on reducing the amount of water that Georgia needs to use from the Chattahoochee River?

a)

Washing full loads of laundry and dishes

b)

Watering plants and lawns wisely along with taking shorter showers

c)

Installing low-flow or no-flow toilets and turning off faucets while brushing teeth

d)

Taking shorter baths and using paper plates instead of washing dishes.

143.

Inspect the data table above then answer the following question. Which of Georgia’s lakes along the Chattahoochee River is likely to have the least impact on the water flowing downstream?

a)

Lake Lanier

b)

West Point Lake

c)

Lake Eufaula

d)

Lake Seminole.

144.

The graph above shows the chemicals and/or pollutants that are polluting our groundwater. Use this graph above to answer the following question. As the United States' population continues to grow, what is likely to be the greatest threat to our groundwater?

a)

Fertilizer (nitrates)

b)

Sewage

c)

Chemical spills from petroleum

d)

Salinity (salt)

145.

Passage: Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, unlike pollution from industrial and sewage treatment plants, comes from many diffuse sources. NPS pollution is caused by rainfall or snowmelt moving over and through the ground. As the runoff moves, it picks up and carries away natural and human-made pollutants, finally depositing them into lakes, rivers, wetlands, coastal waters and ground waters.


Which example below would not be considered Nonpoint Source Pollution?

a)

Fertilizer from lawns is carried into a lake by runoff.

b)

Pesticides from farmland are carried into a river by runoff.

c)

A factory dumps raw untreated chemicals into a river.

d)

Oil, grease, and chemicals are washed off of driveways and parking lots by snowmelt and are then carried into a lake.

146.

Based on the pie chart above, which source of pollution listed below is responsible for adding the most pollution to the oceans?

a)

Offshore oil

b)

Industrial wastewater

c)

Maritime transportation

d)

Air pollutants

147.

What is a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.

a)

Runoff

b)

Surface water

c)

Groundwater

d)

Aquifer

148.

the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil or another area

a)

Infilitration

b)

Transpiration

c)

Precipitation

d)

Distribution

149.

What is the top layer of a body of water?

a)

Groundwater

b)

Surface water

c)

Lake

d)

Aquifer

150.

What is water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock?

a)

Aquifer

b)

Surface water

c)

Groundwater

d)

Lake

151.

A single, identifiable source of pollution, such as a pipe or a drain. Industrial wastes are commonly discharged to rivers and the sea in this way.

a)

Point source pollution

b)

Non-point source pollution

152.

Water pollution that is caused by widely dispersed sources of pollutants.

a)

Nonpoint source pollution

b)

Point source pollution

153.

Which of the following is NOT an example of non-point pollution

a)

Rain runoff

b)

Snow melt runoff

c)

Atmospheric depostion

d)

Factories

154.

Which of the following in NOT an example of point source pollution?

a)

Discharge from a treatment plant

b)

Runoff from snow

c)

Waste from industries

155.
Surface ocean currents are generated mostly by
a)
the Coriolis effect
b)
water density
c)
tides
d)
wind
156.
The Gulf Stream current makes the waters of North Atlantic
a)
cooler
b)
warmer
c)
more dense
d)
less nutrient rich
157.
Besides the Moon, the daily tides around the world are MOST affected by the
a)
wind
b)
rain
c)
Sun
d)
Coriolis effect
158.
How do warm-water currents affect the coastal areas along which they flow?
a)
Cool the coast
b)
Warm the coast
c)
Cause snow to fall
d)
Cause higher tides
159.
Which of the following can be caused by El Nino~?
a)
Flash floods
b)
Mudslides
c)
Droughts
d)
All of the above
160.
The vertical distance between the highest and lowest points of a wave is called
a)
wavelength
b)
wave height
c)
crest
d)
trough
161.
In what direction does an undertow flow?
a)
same direction as the wave
b)
right angles to the wave
c)
parallel to the wave
d)
opposite direction as the wave
162.
What name is given to large, destructive waves caused by underwater earthquakes and volcanoes?
a)
Spring tide
b)
Longshore current
c)
Tsunami
d)
Swell
163.
When you are playing in the ocean, you must watch out for ____, a spot where the longshore current carries water back into the ocean.
a)
swell
b)
rip tide
c)
neap tide
d)
trough
164.
Spring tides and neap tides occur in patterns governed by the
a)
phases of the moon
b)
seasons (fall, winter, etc.)
c)
surface currents
d)
deep sea currents
165.
The height of a wave is MOST affected by the
a)
speed of the wind
b)
speed of the ocean
c)
salinity of the ocean
d)
amount of solar energy
166.
Which factor is MOST responsible for the ocean tides?
a)
the wind
b)
earthquakes
c)
the moon's gravity
d)
density differences in water
167.
When the moon is at full moon or new moon, what type of tide will we experience?
a)
rip tide
b)
spring tide
c)
neap tide
d)
breaker tide
168.
Why do waves increase in height as they approach the shore?
a)
waves are forced into inlets
b)
water particles speed up
c)
water density increases
d)
they interact with ocean floor
169.
As ocean waves approach the shore, the top curls over and crashes into the sand. What do we call theses waves?
a)
breakers
b)
rip tides
c)
longshore currents
d)
tsunamis
170.
Surface currents and waves are powered by
a)
wind and heat
b)
wind and tides
c)
boats and wind
d)
heat and weather

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