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WorksheetsPS M20 Test Review Radioactivity and Nuclear Reactions
Total questions: 24
Worksheet time: 14mins
When one large nucleus is split into two smaller nuclei, the process is nuclear _____.
fission
decay
fusion
tracing
Two or more nuclei combine to form one larger nucleus in the process of nuclear _____.
decay
fusion
fission
tracing
The three types of nuclear radiation in increasing order of penetrating power are ____.
alpha, gamma, beta
alpha, beta, gamma
X-ray, gamma, beta
X-ray, beta, gamma
For which of the following problems would a scientist most likely use carbon-14?
to identify the elements that make up a rock
to calculate the age of a piece of bone
to identify the elements that make up a bone
to calculate the age of the Earth's oldest rocks
The type of radioactive particle that can be stopped by a sheet of paper is the ____.
alpha particle
uranium
gamma ray
beta particle
A helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons is called a(n) ____.
gamma ray
electroscope
beta particle
alpha particle
Which produces more energy--nuclear fission or nuclear fusion?
fusion
fission
They produce the same amount.
It depends on the reaction.
Both a fusion reaction and a fission reaction ____.
take place at room temperature
produce energy
causes chain reactions
use hydrogen as a fuel
The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses is ____.
a chain reaction
a chemical reaction
nuclear fission
nuclear fusion
Gamma rays have a _____ charge.
+1
0
+2
-1
Radioactive tracers are useful in ____.
treating brain tumors
calculating the ages of fossils
determining medical problems
fueling nuclear reactions
The radioisotope iodine-131 is used to determine the health of the thyroid gland. Iodine-131 is an example of _____.
an allotrope
a tracer
a structure
radiation
Beta particles have a _____ charge.
0
+1
-1
+2
Neutrons released in a fission reaction can strike other nuclei and cause ____.
a chain reaction
an electron avalanche
fusion reactions
radioactive decay
When the strong force is not sufficient to hold unstable nuclei together permanently, ____.
nuclear fusion occurs
a solid becomes a liquid
the nuclei decay
carbon-12 changes into carbon-14
The greatest source of radiation most humans are exposed to is _____.
radon
medical X rays
cosmic rays
rocks and soil
The correct nuclear notation for the isotope oxygen-15 is _____.
The stability of an isotope nucleus depends on the ____.
atomic mass
number of neutrons
atomic number
neutron-to-proton ratio
Alpha particles have a _____ charge.
+2
+1
0
-1
Negatively charged particles emitted from a nucleus at a high speed are ____.
beta particles
X rays
alpha particles
gamma rays
U-235 and U-238 are examples of _____.
particles of radiation
isotopes
tracers
allotropes
One type of radioactive device that indicates the intensity of radiation with a clicking sound that increases in frequency as more radiation is present is a(n) ____.
cloud chamber
Geiger counter
electroscope
bubble chamber
Match the following
A(n) _____ consists of a helium nucleus.
alpha particle
A(n) _____ is a high-energy electron released from a nucleus during radioactive decay.
beta particle
The unit of radiation used to measure the amount of radiation received by an organism is called the _____.
gray
The _____ is a unit of radiation that measures the amount of radiation absorbed by a tissue.
sievert
A(n) _____ is a device in which a nuclear reaction is used to generate energy.
nuclear reactor
Match the following
_____ is the reaction that occurs when two small nuclei join together to form a larger nucleus.
nuclear fussion
_____ is the process by which a single large nucleus breaks apart into two smaller nuclei.
nuclear fission
The spontaneous emission of radiation by a nucleus is known as _____.
radioactivity
A(n) _____ is a high-energy form of electromagnetic radiation commonly released during radioactive decay.
gamma ray
The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to undergo nuclear decay is called the _____.
half-life
